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By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
- Identify and differentiate between zero, first, second, and third conditional sentences
- Form grammatically correct conditional sentences using appropriate tenses
- Use conditionals effectively in both speaking and writing

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Students can:
- Use 'if' clauses correctly
- Choose appropriate tense combinations for each conditional type
- Express real, possible, and imaginary situations using conditionals

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Students discuss in pairs:
- What do you do if it rains?
- What will you do if you win the lottery?
- What would you do if you were the president?
Share responses with the class to naturally introduce different conditional types.

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Direct Instruction: Types of Conditionals

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Direct Instruction: Types of Conditionals

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Teacher presents the four types of conditionals with examples:
- Zero conditional (facts/habits)
- First conditional (possible future)
- Second conditional (unlikely/imaginary)
- Third conditional (impossible past)

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Compare ALL English Conditional Sentences (with examples!)

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Students create their own examples of each conditional type on a collaborative Padlet wall. Peers comment and correct each other's sentences. Teacher monitors and provides feedback.

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In groups of 4, students create a story using all types of conditionals. Each student adds one sentence that follows logically from the previous one. Share stories on the class Padlet wall.

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Advanced students create mixed conditional sentences and explain real-life situations where they would be used.

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Zero, first, second, third and mixed conditionals

You can see a full explanation of type 0, type 1, type 2 and type 3 conditional with examples.

Mixed conditionals

We use mixed conditionals if we want to mix talking about the present and the past in the same sentence. The mixed conditional is a combination of the second and the third conditional:

➪ We can use past simple or continuous in the if-clause (to refer to the present or future), and would/ should/ might have + past participle in the main clause (to refer to the past).

➪ We can also use past perfect in the if-clause (to refer to the past), and would/ should/ might + infinitive (to refer to the present).

Alternatives to if in conditional sentences

As long as / provided (that) / providing (that) / on condition (that) / only if

We can use the expressions as long as, provided/providing (that), on condition (that), or only if instead of if when we want to emphasize the condition that needs to be present so that something can happen or be done.

Whether or not

We use whether or not when there are two alternatives and we want to say that something will happen or will be true in any of those two alternatives. Compare:

Even if

We also use even if with a similar meaning to 'whether or not'. It is used to emphasize that something will still be true or will happen if another thing happens.

Suppose/supposing

We normally use suppose or supposing at the beginning of a sentence to make someone imagine a situation. It means 'what would happen if', or simply 'if' (imagining a situation).

Inversion in conditional sentences

Should you find

In first conditional sentences it's possible to use should at the beginning of the sentence instead of if. This form is formal and it's quite common with an imperative form in the main clause.

Had we arrived

In third conditional sentences, we can invert the auxiliary verb had and leave if out. Had we arrived = If we had arrived.

Had they looked further into the data, they might have realised there was a mistake.

Were we to announce

We can also find cases of inversion with this structure: were + subject + to. + infinitive. It is used to talk about f uture improbable events (like the second conditional).

Were we to announce the truth, we would receive a lot of criticism. (=If we announced ...)

Were they to buy a new house, they would need to sell the old one first. (=If they bought ...)

Negative forms: should I not, had we not, were we not

When should, had or were are negative, contracted forms are not possible, and not is used after the subject.

Should you not wish to retake the test, you must let us know before the end of June. (NOT Shouldn't you wish)

Had you not refused my invitation, we would have had the most incredible time in our lives. (NOT Hadn't you refused)

Were you not my brother, I would call the police. (NOT Weren't you)

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All conditionals - mixed conditionals, alternatives to 'if', inversion - Test-English

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We use zero and first conditionals to talk about possible situations, and we use the second and third conditional for hypothetical situations. Mixed conditionals are a combination of second and third conditional. Check our complete grammar explanation and do our three online exercises. B1-B2 English grammar online.

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Additional practice with basic conditional structures:
- Gap-filling exercises
- Sentence matching activities
- Simple situation cards

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Exercises on Conditional Sentences - 05 - English Grammar

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Exercises on Conditional Sentences - 05 :: Learn English online - free exercises, explanations, games, teaching materials and plenty of information on English language. :: page 05

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Students identify and correct errors in conditional sentences displayed on slides. Teacher observes understanding and provides immediate feedback.

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Students participate in 'If I were...' role-play situations, demonstrating proper use of second conditional.

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10-minute quiz including:
- Multiple choice questions
- Sentence transformation
- Error correction
- Original sentence creation

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Students complete a digital exit ticket answering:
1. What are the three most important things you learned about conditionals today?
2. Which type of conditional do you find most challenging and why?
3. Write one example of your favorite type of conditional.

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Quick round-robin sharing of one interesting hypothetical situation using a conditional sentence of their choice.

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Write a paragraph about 'My Perfect Day' using at least one example of each type of conditional sentence.

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Complete interactive exercises on conditional sentences

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Conditional sentences - Grammar Exercises - Learning English

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Conditional sentences, Grammar Exercises - Learning English

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Watch the video explanation and make notes on the different conditional types. Come prepared with questions for next class.

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English Conditional Sentences (with examples!)