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People protesting the genocide in Palestine by Israel. Safe Credit Union Convention Center, Sacramento, November 18th 2023

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Ethnocentrism is the tendency to use one’s own cultural standards, values, and behaviors as the basis to evaluate and judge other cultures. This picture displays people protesting the genocide in Palestine by Israel, with signs and banners calling for an end to violence and demanding justice for Palestinian lives. The image connects to ethnocentrism as it reflects the ongoing cultural conflicts between Israel and Palestine. Each side views its own values and way of life as the standard, which influences how they evaluate each other.

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Adversaries in Advocacy's first debate on the 2024 California propositions, encouraging civic engagement and shared values. Folsom Lake College, Folsom, October 23rd 2024

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Socialization is the lifelong process of learning/adopting a society's norms, values, behaviors, and roles. This process combines elements of both nature and nurture, with family, friends, and culture shaping how we see the world and our place in it. This photo shows my club, Adversaries in Advocacy, debating the 2024 California propositions. The image links to socialization by illustrating how individuals engage in group discussions to exchange ideas, challenge perspectives, and learn societal norms. Through participating in debates, club members are socialized into civic engagement and critical thinking.

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The Walmart toy section promoting gender roles for boys through color and design. Folsom, California, October 8th 2023

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Gender Socialization is the process through which children learn societal expectations and norms related to gender. According to symbolic interactionist George Herbert Mead, this begins early as children observe their environment and caregivers. This image exhibits toy guns in the boys' section at Walmart, where everything is colored in blue and green, with pictures of boys on the boxes. The setup demonstrates gender socialization by reinforcing the idea that boys should be drawn to action-oriented, aggressive toys. The colors and images on the packaging subtly communicate society's expectations, steering boys toward traditional gender roles.

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Graffiti with the words "Girls Call The Shots". San Francisco, California, August 21 2022

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Deviance is the violation of societal norms, which vary by culture and context. Rather than judging an action as inherently good or bad, sociologists use the term deviance to describe when someone diverges from what is expected within their society. This image presents graffiti with the phrase "Girls Call The Shots". It directly challenges traditional gender roles by asserting female empowerment in a public space. Additionally, the act of graffiti itself represents deviance because it defies legal norms and social expectations around public property.

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A sign that reads "Did you forget you work for me?" Sacramento, California, November 18th 2023

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Authority is the legitimate power held by individuals or groups to influence, direct, or control the behaviors/decisions of others. It is typically recognized as justifiable and is institutionalized within societal structures (e.g. the government). This is a picture of a protest sign stating, "Did you forget you work for me?" displayed at a demonstration against the genocide in Palestine. The sign poses an opposition to authority, emphasizing that leaders should act in the public’s interest. It questions authority by reminding officials of their role in serving, not dominating, the people.

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Confronting Fascism: Observing a powerful message at a protest following the Roe v. Wade reversal. California State Capital, Sacramento, July 4th 2022

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Rebellion is the active rejection of cultural goals and the accepted means of achieving them. Unlike other responses to societal expectations, rebellion seeks to transform the structure itself by introducing alternative ideas and practices. This photo captures me observing a sign that reads, "Fuck Fascism," taken at a protest following the reversal of Roe v. Wade. The sign embodies rebellion by openly rejecting systems viewed as oppressive, especially in light of the Roe v. Wade reversal. In recent years, critics have accused the American government of authoritarian tendencies. They cite restrictions on personal freedoms as signs of fascism. Fascism, with its centralized power and suppression of dissent, commonly provokes rebellion.

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Connecting with local leaders dedicated to making a difference. Folsom, California, November 5th 2023

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A charismatic leader is someone who inspires others through confidence, effective communication, and a clear vision. This type of influence is highly impactful during difficult times when groups seek strong representation/direction. This image is of me with fellow community members, gathered for a photo with Jessica Morse, Porsche Middleton, and Braden Murphy, who are candidates for local office. Charismatic leaders like these candidates connect personally with people, building trust and inspiring confidence.

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The inside of the memorial church at Stanford University. Stanford University, Stanford, July 23rd 2024

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Privilege refers to unearned advantages and benefits granted to certain groups over others. It is usually based on factors like race, socioeconomic status, and other socially constructed categories. In American society, privilege is built into institutions, policies, and cultural practices that seem neutral but systematically favor specific groups. This is a picture of the church at Stanford University, one of the most prestigious schools in the world. It symbolizes privilege because access to institutions like Stanford is largely determined by advantages like wealth, elite schooling, and connections. The church also portrays privilege with its intricate architecture and lavish materials. Its grandeur can represent the resources and status reserved for those within privileged circles.

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A razor for men in blue and a razor for women in pink.

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9. Quest - Pointlessly Gendered Product and Gender Socialization

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9. Quest - Pointlessly Gendered Product and Gender Socialization

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This is a photo of men and women's razors, courtesy of Reddit user Super_Dada. This marketing is a clear example of gender socialization, with the women’s razor in bright pink and the men’s in blue, despite both serving the same functions.

1. Who benefits from this? Companies benefit from gendered marketing by justifying different packaging, colors, and higher prices for identical products to boost sales.

2. How does the meaning of this change depending on who is using or observing it? For users, the colors may reinforce gender identities or preferences. Observers may see it as an example of unnecessary marketing distinctions.

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Athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos raise their fists in the Black Power salute during the Olympic medal ceremony. Mexico City, October 16 1968

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10. Quest -  The 1968 Olympics Black Power Salute and Symbolic Culture

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10. Quest -  The 1968 Olympics Black Power Salute and Symbolic Culture

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This powerful photo shows the 1968 Olympics Black Power Salute. During the medal ceremony, athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos raised their black-gloved fists in a silent protest against racial injustice. This act is an example of symbolic culture, where a simple, powerful gesture conveyed their commitment to human rights.

1. Who doesn't benefit from this? This protest did not benefit those in positions of power who perpetuated racial inequality, as it exposed systemic injustice on an international platform.

2. What might be another way to think about this quest (or an aspect of it)? Another perspective is to view this act as a catalyst that encouraged other athletes and public figures to use their platforms for social justice.