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A suffix is a letter or group of letters added at the end of a word which makes a new word.

The new word is most often a different word class from the original word. In the table above, the suffix -ful has changed verbs to adjectives, -ment, and -ion have changed verbs to nouns. If you see a word ending in -ment, for example, it is likely to be a noun (e.g. commitment, contentment).

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Often, the suffix causes a spelling change to the original word. In the table above, the -e ending of complicate and create disappears when the -ion suffix is added. Other examples of spelling changes include:

1. beaut y, dut y + -ful → beaut i ful, dut i ful (-y changes to i)

2. heav y, read y + -ness → heav i ness, read i ness (-y changes to i)

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-hood | brotherhood, childhood, neighbourhood
-ism | capitalism, Marxism, socialism (philosophies)

Adjective suffixes:
-ese | Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese
-ful | forgetful, helpful, useful

Verb suffixes:
-ate | complicate, dominate, irritate
-en | harden, soften, shorten

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An affix is a set of letters generally added to the beginning or end of a root word or base word to modify its meaning.
An affix is a word that can be added to a root word or base word to add a new meaning. The two main types of affixes are prefixes and suffixes. For example, in the word conforming, con- is the prefix and -ing is the suffix, while "form" is the root. For another example, let’s examine the root word cred. Thanks to affixes, it can be transformed into incredible with the prefix in- and by the suffix -ible.

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1. Prefix
Prefixes, such as anti, dis, hyper, homo, re, tri, and uni, appear at the beginnings of words. For example:

1. He bought a new bicycle.

2. The result was predetermined.

2. Suffix
Suffixes appear at the end of the words, such as able, acy, er, en, ful and ly. For example:

1. She plays wonderfully.

2. His jobs are plentiful.

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Example of Word Roots with Prefixes and Suffixes

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Example of Word Roots with Prefixes and Suffixes

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Example of Word Roots with Prefixes and Suffixes

In these examples, the word roots are in bold, and the prefixes and suffixes aren't.

Word root: friend

friends, friendly, unfriendly, friendship

Word root: normal

abnormal, normality, normalize, abnormality

Word root: mature

immature, maturity

(Notice how the "e" is dropped off the root word for "maturity." Often, there are spelling rules to consider.)

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A word root is the base part of a word (i.e., less any prefixes and suffixes).

To change the meaning of a word, a prefix can be added to the front of the word root, or a suffix can be added to the back. Quite often, a prefix and a suffix are added to a word root to change the meaning. (Prefixes and suffixes are known as affixes.)

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Ode to the West Wind (by Percy Bysshe Shelley)

“O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn’s being,
Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead
Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing…
Each like a corpse within its grave, until
Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow.”

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Lots of root words in English derive from Greek. For example:
aster | star | asteroid, astronaut
auto | self | automatic, autobiography
biblio | book | bibliography, bibliophile
bio | life | biography, biology
chrome | color | monochromatic, phytochrome

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https://dictionary.cambridge.org/es-LA/grammar/british-grammar/suffixes
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/what-are-the-types-of-affixes.html
https://literarydevices.net/?s=roots
https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/root_of_a_word.htm