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Session I - Oceanography, Marine Geology and Geoecology 

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Session I - Oceanography, Marine Geology and Geoecology 

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1. Underwater noises produced by ships and their negative potential on marine life
2. Tectonic factors of landslide formation in the coastal zone of the north-western Black Sea region
3. Southern Dobrogea groundwater response to the upper quaternary Black Sea level changes
4. Condition of the southern part of the geoecosystem of the Kuyalnik estuary as a component of the geoecoton «Black Sea-land»
5. Spatial and temporal variability of ambient underwater sound in the Northwestern Black Sea
6. Final results regarding the measurement of RN-222 in indoor air at NIMRD Constanța, during 2018-2019
7. Organization of microplastics distribution monitoring in modern sand deposits of anthropogenically loaded territories
8. Hydrodynamic modeling of the wave’s conditions in the new extensions of the Constanta south – Agigea port basin
9. Calcareous nannoplankton fluctuations in quaternary sediments of the western Black Sea
10. Late glacial to Holocene paleoenvironmental evolution of the Danube deep-sea fan, NW Black Sea
11. Concerning the Problem of the Black Sea Geoecosystem Impacting on the North Black Sea Coast Population
12. Detection of sulphurous submarine springs in Mangalia area by geophysical methods
13. Extreme waves conditions at the entrance of Constanta Port

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Session II - Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation of Marine Ecosystems 

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Session II - Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation of Marine Ecosystems 

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1. Overview of the microalgal blooms occurrences in the Romanian Black Sea waters during 2021
2. Overview of the Chlorophyll a variation in the Romanian Black Sea shallow waters of Mamaia during warm season 2020-2021
3. Variations in microzooplankton (Tintinnid Ciliates) community along the Romanian Black Sea in 2021
4. Distribution and seasonal dynamics of Mesozooplankton from the Romanian Black Sea during 2013-2020
5. The zooplankton composition, distribution, and assessment of the quality status of pelagic habitats of the Romanian Black Sea waters
6. Ichthyoplankton distribution and abundance in relation to macrozooplankton community along the Romanian Black Sea coast
7. Culture techniques for Acartia clausi from the Romanian Black Sea coastal waters
8. Implementation of the acute toxicity test on marine copepods in the specific conditions of the Black Sea
9. Modelling the dynamic processes of the Black Sea ecosystem regarding the causal relationships between abiotic and biotic components
10. Benthic and pelagic habitats at the Romanian Black Sea coast
11. Using native taxa to boost ecological restoration of coastal habitats
12. Current information on the distribution of the critically endangered red alga Dasya Baillouviana (s. G. Gmelin) Montagne, 1841 along the Romanian Black Sea coast
13. Red algae (Rodophytha) from Romanian Black Sea coast and possible occurrence of new species
14. Four new species of soft‐shelled monothalamous Foraminifera and Gromiids identified on the Romanian Black Sea shelf
15. Chemical status evaluation of the Romanian Black Sea marine environment based on benthic organisms contamination
16. Microplastics pollution in mussels (Mytilus Galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819) along the Romanian Black Sea coast
17. Microplastic pollution investigations in Mytilus Galloprovincialis, Midia harbour, western Black Sea
18. A new method for monitoring the stability of parabens as micropollutants in seawater

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Session III - Sustainable Use of Marine Resources

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Session III - Sustainable Use of Marine Resources

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1. Analysis of seabass & seabream aquaculture sector progress in Greece, in terms of economic performance and employment
2. Environmental and operational complications of the coastal aquaculture management in Thermaikos Gulf
3. Alternative approach to the segmentation of fishing fleets
4. Status of the Rapa whelk agglomerations along the Romanian Black Sea coast
5. Study regarding the superior economic valorization of mussel shells from the Romanian Black Sea coast
6. Introduction and comparison of two methods in white clam fishery
7. Green macroalgae Ulva sp. and Cladophora sp. from Black Sea Romanian coastline as a promising source of valuable antimicrobial compounds: extraction and valorization as cosmeceuticals
8. Ecosystem services of the northwestern Black Sea region: brief overview of the problem
9. The offshore wind power potential of the Black and Azov seas
10. Aspects regarding the age reading of Mediterranean Horse Mackerel at the Romanian coast
11. Green chemistry based on plants in crude oil decontamination of marine environments
12. Potential decontamination action of aqueous environment by using biosorbents based on plants
13. Effects of seaweed (Ulva Lactuca) supplementation on immunity, tolerance to stress and growth performance of different aquaculture species
14. Biomechanical, biochemical  and physical-chemical characteristics of Rapana Venosa Valenciennes, 1846 (gastropoda, mollusca) egg capsules
15. Genotoxicity profile of recycle chitosan from raw waste of Romania coastal waters
16. Improving growth performance of high-value fish species based on diets enriched with Spirulina (Arthospira Platensis) cultivated using photobioreactors
17. Bioproducts derived from algal sources and their potential applications in medicine

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1. RIP currents dynamics on the Romanian Black Sea coast
2. Your data work at EMODnet-ingestion.eu
3. Wake up, safeguard and share your marine data with EMODnet-ingestion.eu
4. QUIETSEAS - Assisting (sub)regional cooperation for the practical implementation of the MSFD second cycle by providing methods and tools for D11 (underwater noise)
5. Marine fronts detection in the western Black Sea based on Earth Observation data
6. CERTO Project - Copernicus Evolution: research for harmonized transitional water observation. Preliminary results from the Danube Delta and the NW Black Sea
7. Black Sea in the context of EMODnet chemistry
8. Use of qualitative and quantitative methods for the co-creation of knowledge about Black Sea

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Session V - Marine Spatial Planning (MSP), Coastal Management and Ocean Literacy

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Session V - Marine Spatial Planning (MSP), Coastal Management and Ocean Literacy

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1. Blue Economy and biodiversity - Romanian Black Sea Coast Area
2. Using of spatial analysis tools to assess the human induced pressures and vulnerabilities of coastal and marine environment in the context of maritime spatial planning
3. Wind energy technologies for sustainability within European union green policy: the case of Greece
4. Managing coastal protection through multi-scale governance structures in Romania
5. Sustainability of the Surveying & MARiTime internet of thingS EducAtion (SMARTSEA) Project
6. Beack marine litter quantification and distribution at the Romanian Black Sea coast
7. Insights on how to incorporate socio-cultural alues into Maritime Spatial Planning process in the Black Sea
8. Public participation to reduce marine litter pollution in the Black Sea
9. State of marine litter pollution in the benthic habitat of southeastern Black Sea coasts
10. Monitoring of marine litter (ML) in beach sediments and marine biota of the Romanian Black Sea

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Session I: Oceanography, Marine Geology and GeoEcology, Moderator - GeoEcoMar
The Black Sea is the largest anoxic basin in the world, with a complex geology established in the last 250 million years since the Triassic. The marine basin was intermittently connected with the world ocean via the Mediterranean, imprinting on lithological/sedimentological and geochemical features, leading to significant changes of the faunas and floras composition, especially during the LGM (Last Glacial Maximum) and Holocene times. This Black Sea is also very important for its potential source rocks of hydrocarbons, and for other unconventional resources, i.e., gas hydrates.
This section comprises topics regarding the aforementioned features, including geology, tectonics, geochemistry, connectivity and isolation, along with aspects related to nowadays presence of various pollutants in the basin.

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PI.1. UNDERWATER NOISES PRODUCED BY SHIPS AND THEIR NEGATIVE POTENTIAL ON MARINE LIFE

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PI.1. UNDERWATER NOISES PRODUCED BY SHIPS AND THEIR NEGATIVE POTENTIAL ON MARINE LIFE

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Dragoș Niculescu ¹, Radu Manu ¹, Dragoș Marin 1*, Ichinur Omer ²

1 National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300, Mamaia Blvd., Constanta 900581, Romania

² Ovidius University of Constanta, Faculty of Civil Engineering,

22B, Unirii Street, Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: dmarin@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The Romanian coastal shelf includes several important habitats for marine life, either for feeding or reproduction. These important habitats can be endangered due to human activities carried out on the sea surface or underwater. In the Black Sea, the noise produced is associated with maritime transport, oil exploitation, offshore constructions, geological investigations to map oil and gas deposits, as well as military exercises. These activities influence the aquatic environment, having the potential to injure or endanger the aquatic life. These activities need regulations and measures to minimize adverse effects on marine life (dolphins, fish, and molluscs). To solve the negative effects, it is necessary to develop a plan of good practices regarding underwater noise and respect the parameters in which it must fall, and respectively ensure the sustainability of these activities from the point of view of living marine resources.

Keywords: underwater noise, sound pressure, sound level, marine life, dolphins

Acknowledgements: This study has been carried out with financial support from the NUCLEU INTELMAR Programme, funded by the Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, project no. PN1926010108, no. PN19260101012, and no. PN19260101013

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PI.2. TECTONIC FACTORS OF LANDSLIDE FORMATION IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE NORTH-WESTERN BLACK SEA REGION

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PI.2. TECTONIC FACTORS OF LANDSLIDE FORMATION IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE NORTH-WESTERN BLACK SEA REGION

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Lomakin I.E., Sarvirov E.A., Volodymyr Kochelab*, Medvedsky R.S

MariGeoEcoCenter, NAS of Ukraine,

55-b, Oles’ Gonchar st., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine

*Corresponding author: vldkochelab@gmail.com

Abstract. Landslides in the coastal zone of the North-Western Black Sea Region (NWPR) are a widespread natural phenomenon. An important role is played by the structures and tectonic activity of the region, as well as its parts; sea level change; climatic, engineering-geological and anthropogenic factors.

Vertical displacements of post-Pontic deposits in the region are: uplifts in the NWBS – 75-150 m, subsidence in the Danube delta – 200-350 m, subsidence in the lower reaches of the Dnieper–- 200-700 m. With the help of high-precision bathymetry, the difference in the heights of the sides of the Danube submarine canyon (80-200 m) was established.

The perimeter parts of the Black Sea are experiencing active modern differentiated mosaic-block vertical movements of different signs, often with inversion, but with a general tendency to deflection towards the inner parts of the megadepression. The speed of these movements can exceed the speed of background values by tens of thousands of times. Neotectonic movements can have a decisive influence on the activation of landslide processes and zones of their possible development.

Now the anthropogenic factor plays an increasingly important role in the processes of landslide formation: Active development of the coastal zone with mass capital and cottage development without engineering and geological monitoring and without control of the removal of surface, ground and sewage flows provokes the formation of landslide-prone areas in the coastal zone of the NWBS.

The basis for creating a map of landslide zones will be the allocation of areas with the corresponding specific characteristics of morphostructures and natural relief, taking into account the parameters of anthropogenic pressure. The construction of modern detailed neotectonic maps and active diagrams of fault zones and sections is an urgent and important task in solving the problems of natural and safe environmental management in this region.

Keywords: landslides, tectonics, SRTM relief, Black Sea, Odessa

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PI.3. SOUTHERN DOBROGEA GROUNDWATER RESPONSE TO THE UPPER QUATERNARY BLACK SEA LEVEL CHANGES  

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PI.3. SOUTHERN DOBROGEA GROUNDWATER RESPONSE TO THE UPPER QUATERNARY BLACK SEA LEVEL CHANGES  

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Glicherie Caraivan, Bogdan-Adrian Ispas

National Research-Development Institute for Marine Geology and Geoecology – GeoEcoMar, 23-25 Dimitrie Onciul Street, 024053, Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: bogdan.ispas@geoecomar.ro

Abstract. South Dobrogea is a typical geologic platform unit, placed in the south-eastern part of Romania, with a Pre-Cambrian crystalline basement and a Paleozoic – Quaternary sedimentary cover. Four drink water sources have been identified: surface water, phreatic water, medium depth Sarmatian aquifer, and deep  Upper Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous aquifer. Surface waters are represented by several springs, occurring at the base of the loess cliff, and a few small rivers, barred by coastal beaches. The phreatic aquifer, developed at the base of the loess deposits, on the impervious red clay, overlapping the Sarmatian limestones. The medium depth aquifer is located in the altered and karstified Sarmatian limestones, and discharges to the Black Sea.

The deep Upper Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous aquifer, located in the limestone and dolomite deposits, is generally confined and is affected by the regional WNW – ESE and NNE – SSW fault systems. The cyclic Upper Quaternary climat changes induced drastic remodeling of the Black Sea level and the corresponding shorelines. During the Last Glacial Maximum (MIS 2), the shoreline retreats eastwards, reaching the 100-120 m isobaths. In these conditions, the base level of surface drainage was very low. Phreatic nape closely followed the river valleys dynamics. The Holocene Transgression (MIS 1) determined the sea level rise, up to the modern one, and probably higher. The mean rate of sea level rise was about 20 cm in 100 years, probably higher in the Atlantic Period (Climatic Optimum, 4800-7400 y BP).

Keywords: groundwater, S Dobrogea. fluctuations of the Black Sea level, Quaternary

Acknowledgements: Financial support of this study was provided by the EU-funded operational programme – Romania Bulgaria Cross-Border Cooperation Programme, in the period 2007-2013, through the project: Submarine Archaelogical Heritage of the Western Black Sea Shelf – HERAS, MIS – ETC CODE: 578.

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PI.4. CONDITION OF THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE GEOECOSYSTEM OF THE KUYALNIK ESTUARY AS A COMPONENT OF THE GEOECOTON “BLACK SEA-LAND”

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PI.4. CONDITION OF THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE GEOECOSYSTEM OF THE KUYALNIK ESTUARY AS A COMPONENT OF THE GEOECOTON “BLACK SEA-LAND”

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Ihor Shuraiev, Tatiana Kulaha*, Yevhen Kostiuchyk, Rostislav Medvedskyi

State Scientific Institution “Center for Problems of Marine Geology, Geoecology and Sedimentary Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”,

O. Honchara str., 55-b, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine

*Corresponding author: tatianakulaha@gmail.com

Abstract. Kuyalnik estuary, which is located on the north-west coast of the Black Sea (Ukraine), has unique natural resources and is a balneological resort of state importance. This pond has formed and exists in transition conditions, among two geoecosystems, the Black Sea and land. The ecological state of the estuary worsens every year. This requires system studies of all components of the pond geoecosystem (subsystem of bottom sediments, aqua- and aerosubsystems) and the factors influencing their composition, dynamics and functioning.

Thus, based on the results of our expedition work, which was carried out in 2020, we established that bottom sediments of southern part of the estuary are represented by peloids, often with salt crystals and admixture of shell detritus, sand, and sandy loam. The average content of Zn in bottom sediments of the pond is 23.68 mg/kg, Cu – 8.64 mg/kg, Cr – 12.16 mg/kg, Pb – 4.26 mg/kg, Cd – 0.76 mg/kg.

Due to the unstable hydrological regime and intensification of evaporation processes, there is a significant drop in the level, as well as an increase in the concentration of salts in the estuary water. Pursuant to the results of our research, the pH of the water ranges from 6.97 to 8.34 units. The values of the Eh vary from 268 to 322 mV.

Over the estuary formed quite specific climatic conditions. Thus, according to other researchers, the temperature and absolute humidity of the air above the pond are slightly higher than in adjacent areas.

Among the main factors affecting the geoecosystem of the estuary, the main ones should be considered global and regional climatic changes of recent years, economic activities (illegal quarries, high degree of decomposition of dividing areas, the formation of numerous landfills on slopes, etc.) and the development of geohazards on the estuary coast (landslide, suffosion, etc.).

Keywords: geoecology, subsystem, anthropogenic load, geohazards

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POSTER_Shuraiev, Kulaha, Kostiuchyk, Medvedskyi_CONDITION OF THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE GEOECOSYSTEM OF THE KUYALNIK ESTUARY AS A COMPONENT OF THE GEOECOTON «BLACK SEA-LAND»

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PI.5. SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF AMBIENT UNDERWATER SOUND IN THE NORTHWESTERN BLACK SEA

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PI.5. SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF AMBIENT UNDERWATER SOUND IN THE NORTHWESTERN BLACK SEA

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Maria Emanuela Mihailov*, Lucian Duțu, Ionuț-Florin Chițoi, Constantin Natu

Maritime Hydrographic Directorate „Comandor Alexandru Cătuneanu”,

1, Fulgerului Street, 900218 Constanţa, Romania

*Corresponding author: emanuela.mihailov@dhmfn.ro

Abstract. The Black Sea is one of the world's unique seas as a semi-enclosed sea, and its ports are the eastern maritime frontier of the European Union. This paper aims to complement the work as is required in the Marine Strategy Framework Directive of the European Union (MSFD) Descriptor 11 noise-related criteria for anthropogenic impulsive sound in water (D11C1) and anthropogenic continuous low-frequency sound in water (D11C2). Statistically, the Romanian ports handled about 14% of cargo traffic in Central and Eastern Europe from 2015 – to 2019. Main routes for vessel traffic in the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, and Romania's EEZ can be divided into three main areas: high vessel traffic intensity, medium vessel traffic intensity, and low vessel traffic intensity (D11C2). Furthermore, for anthropogenic continuous low-frequency sound, the variability of underwater noise has been investigated from the in-situ noise data (using the Cetacean Research and Brüel & Kjær Hydrophone systems). Current background noise levels were established for the 63Hz and 125Hz (based on frequency bands where noise from shipping is most likely to dominate over other sources), and we assessed the noise hydrospatial coverage for the summer (2019 and 2020) and spring (2022) recordings period in the Romanian Black Sea waters.

Keywords: underwater noise, Marine Strategy Framework Directive, background noise assessment, Descriptor 11 – MSFD

Acknowledgements: This study was funded by Assisting (sub) regional cooperation for the practical implementation of the MSFD second cycle by providing methods and tools for the D11 (underwater noise) "QUIETSEAS" Project, Contract DG Environment No. 110661/2020/839603/SUB/ENV.C.2. (https://quietseas.eu).

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PI.6. FINAL RESULTS REGARDING THE MEASUREMENT OF RN-222 IN INDOOR AIR AT NIMRD CONSTANTA, DURING 2018-2019

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PI.6. FINAL RESULTS REGARDING THE MEASUREMENT OF RN-222 IN INDOOR AIR AT NIMRD CONSTANTA, DURING 2018-2019

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Vasile Pătrașcu*

National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300, Mamaia Blvd., 900581 Constanța, Romania

*Corresponding author: patrascuvasile@rdslink.ro

Abstract. The location of National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa” (NIMRD) in the coastal area, close to the Black Sea, makes the activity of measuring Rn-222 interesting both for indoor air quality and for finding out the local geological impact. The measurement of the gaseous radioactive isotope was initiated at NIMRD / Radioecology Laboratory in 2018, being continued. In this work, 8512 results obtained during the period 01.01-31.12.2019 are analyzed, compared to 2214 results obtained during the period  07.05-07.08.2018, all by the active method. For the period of 2018, a result obtained by the passive method was completed. The results obtained by the two methods are compared, as well as the identical periods from different years. Monthly, seasonal and contextual details (temperature, humidity) are analyzed. The annual average of 179.2 Bq/m3 from the year 2019 shows that we are below the legal limit of 300 Bq/m3, but the high value of the average deviation (+146 Bq/m3) signals large jumps between the individual results, recommending detailed analyses. Radon monitoring is still necessary, to avoid the accumulation of the radioactive gas, through appropriate and timely measures, where applicable. Thus the national and European legal requirements in the field are met.

Keywords: radioactivity, indoor radon, Romanian coastal zone, Black Sea

Acknowledgements: Dr. Codruţ Cheresteş/DOSITRACKER, for the initiation and technical support in measuring radon.

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PI.7. ORGANIZATION OF MICROPLASTICS DISTRIBUTION MONITORING IN MODERN SAND DEPOSITS OF ANTHROPOGENICALLY LOADED TERRITORIES

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PI.7. ORGANIZATION OF MICROPLASTICS DISTRIBUTION MONITORING IN MODERN SAND DEPOSITS OF ANTHROPOGENICALLY LOADED TERRITORIES

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Oleksandra A. Mytrofanova 1*, Yevgheni I. Nasiedkin ¹, Tamara S. Kukovska ¹, Volodymyr O. Yukhymchuk ²

¹ MariGeoEcoCenter NAS of Ukraine, Oles Honchar st., 55 b, Kyiv, Ukraine,

² V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine,

pr. Nauky, 41,Kyiv, Ukraine

*Corresponding author: mitrof_ol@ukr.net

Abstract. The last decades have been characterized by the growing accumulation of the plastic component of waste within the boundaries of the dry land with its incessant spread in the surface water areas direction.Today, plastic waste and microplastic are fixed in various quantities in all continental water bodies, seas, and oceans components (water column, bottom sediments, and biota).As evidenced by the results of targeted scientific research and world practice, beach areas are one of the most representative components of the marine environment for detecting the amount of pollution by plastic material, determining its types, origin, and ways of movement.As part of the research initiated in recent years by the SSI “MariGeoEcoCenter NAS of Ukraine” under the DOORS project, in particular regarding the distribution of plastic and microplastic in marine ecosystems, a research training ground was determined and tested within the surf zone of the city beach of Yuzhne.The main goal of these studies is to create a representative area for monitoring the characteristics of microplastic distribution in modern sand deposits and sea suspension of anthropogenically loaded areas.The uniqueness of the selected area lies in its belonging to the region of the Black Sea coast, which is characterized by pronounced natural processes of sea abrasion, the relative shallowness of the water area coastal part, the presence of steady currents, and the proximity to the areas of the Dnipro and Southern Buh rivers confluence into the Black Sea northwestern part water area.

To date, the development of practical experience and an information base, the definition of an arsenal of research methods in accordance with the developed European standards, and further integration into the interstate system of studying the distribution of plastic waste and microplastics in the Black Sea geoecosystems are among the main tasks of the MariGeoEcoCenter scientists.

Keywords: Black Sea, plastic waste, send deposits, microplastic.

Acknowledgements: We especially thank the Black Sea experts for their great efforts to work on WP4 in the framework of DOORS project. DOORS (https://www.doorsblacksea.eu/) has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation under grant agreement No 101000518.

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PI.8. HYDRODYNAMIC MODELING OF THE WAVE’S CONDITIONS IN THE NEW EXTENSIONS OF THE CONSTANTA SOUTH – AGIGEA PORT BASIN

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PI.8. HYDRODYNAMIC MODELING OF THE WAVE’S CONDITIONS IN THE NEW EXTENSIONS OF THE CONSTANTA SOUTH – AGIGEA PORT BASIN

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Răzvan Mateescu 1*, Liliana Rusu ², Ichinur Omer ³, Elena Vlăsceanu ¹

¹ National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300 Mamaia Blvd, 90058, Constanța, Romania

² Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galați, Romania

³ Faculty of Civil Engineering,” Ovidius” University of Constanța,

22 B Unirii Street, 900524, Constanța, Romania

*Corresponding author: razvan_doru@yahoo.com

Abstract. Over the last decades the marine hydrological data collections were developed with the aim of an appropriate design of the extension the new operational and multifunctional storage platforms of the Constanta Port. Currently, due to the north breakwater extension, Constanta Port offers new and different conditions for future developments.  The analysis-based results of about 11 years western Black Sea basin’s wave data were grounded on ECMWF data, which became input to the BOUSS2D model application for South Constanta Port Terminal.

The wave model results with existing and new port extensions were linked with the UAV observed wave heights demonstrating a good comparison of both encompassed data in the validation process of the model. As a main result, wave conditions in the new harbor facilities of Constanţa South – Agigea Port were assessed for suitable extension dimensioning of berths design, for the expected wave regime in the waterfront areas.

Keywords: Western Black Sea ports, waves propagations, numerical modelling, Boussinesq-Type wave modelling, docking conditions

Acknowledgements: This work was carried out in the framework of the research project CLIMEWAR (CLimate change IMpact Evaluation on future WAve conditions at Regional-scale for the Black and Mediterranean seas marine system), supported by a grant of the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, CNCS - UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-PCE-2021-0015, within PNCDI III, in the continuation of the DPW contract no. 1219/01.09.2020.

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PI.9. CALCAREOUS NANNOPLANKTON FLUCTUATIONS IN QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS OF THE WESTERN BLACK SEA 

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PI.9. CALCAREOUS NANNOPLANKTON FLUCTUATIONS IN QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS OF THE WESTERN BLACK SEA 

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Mădălina Eliza Anton ¹*, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu 1,2

1 National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology, GeoEcoMar,

23-25 Dimitrie Onciul St., Bucharest, Romania

² University of Bucharest, Doctoral School of Geology,

1 Nicolae Bălcescu Blvd., Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: antoneliza@geoecomar.ro

Abstract. One of the most important groups of primary marine producers are amongst the unicellular algae: the calcareous nannoplankton. In the NW Black Sea, the calcareous nannoplankton assemblages are only made of Emiliania huxleyi and Braarudosphaera bigelowii.

In the Quaternary, significant variation occurs in the abundance of some species including Emiliania huxleyi, the most widespread and cosmopolitan species since the Pleistocene. In the present, Emiliania huxleyi can be found in the surface-waters of the Sea of Azov, at 11‰ salinity, but also in the Red Sea, at salinity up to 41‰. Braarudosphaera bigelowii is also present in the Red Sea (but not in the Sea of Azov). Currently, the minimum salinity where Braarudosphaera bigelowii is found is approximately 17‰, in the Black Sea.

Several cores have been collected from Romanian shelf of the western Black Sea. The calcareous nannoplankton fluctuation observed in the studied cores offer information on the paleoenvironmental changes during the Late Pleistocene to Holocene interval. As anticipated, we found that Unit 3 sedimentation took place within a freshwater environment, overlapping the restricted water circulation period (lake resembling phase) of the Black Sea. The salinity in the Black Sea during the depositional interval of Unit 3 was lower than 11 ppm, the minimum salinity allowing the survival of Emiliania huxleyi. The continuous and persistent occurrence of both Emiliania huxleyi and Braarudosphaera bigelowii over the whole Unit 2 indicates a sharp increase of the salinity, above 17 ppm in deeper parts of the Black Sea. We assume that for Unit 2, as for the youngest Holocene Unit 1, stable marine regime settled in deeper parts of the Black Sea basin.

We present herein results of our investigations performed on calcareous nannoplankton diversity and abundance, using cores situated in the NW Black Sea region. These fluctuations are linked to surface-water salinity changes.

Keywords: Emiliania huxleyi and Braarudosphaera bigelowii fluctuation, Pleistocene-Holocen, salinity

Acknowledgements: The financial support was provided by the Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, Project of Excellence in Research-Innovation, AMBIACVA, Contract No. 23PFE/2021and PN 19 20 01 01 – Programme Nucleu.

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PI.10. LATE GLACIAL TO HOLOCENE PALEOENVIRONMENTAL EVOLUTION OF THE DANUBE DEEP-SEA FAN, NW BLACK SEA

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PI.10. LATE GLACIAL TO HOLOCENE PALEOENVIRONMENTAL EVOLUTION OF THE DANUBE DEEP-SEA FAN, NW BLACK SEA

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Andrei Briceag 1*, Gabriel Ion ¹, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu 1, 2, Dan Vasiliu ¹, Naliana Lupașcu ¹

¹ National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology-GeoEcoMar, 024053 Bucharest, Romania

² University of Bucharest, Doctoral School of Geology,

1 Nicolae Bălcescu Blvd., Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: andrei.briceag@geoecomar.ro

Abstract. During the Holocene, the Black Sea basin suffered a major shift from a fresh water environment to a brackish one, which is mirrored in the biotical turnover. The transition of the Black Sea from an inland lake to a marine basin during the last glacial/deglacial episode is still generating debates.

The Danube Deep-Sea Fan is one of the most developed deep-sea sedimentary structures in Europe. In 2018, in the framework of the uBiogas Project (24PCCDI/2018), several cores were acquired from the Danube Deep-Sea Fan area for investigating the processes that led to the formation and accumulation of methane. In this study, high resolution microfaunal analyses coupled with sedimentological and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) ones, were performed on two Kullenberg gravity cores.

The cores were collected from two secondary canyons situated to the east of the Danube Canyon, from 655,7 m (MN183_3_GC_1) and 1315 m water depth (MN183_8_GC_1). In both studied cores, three stratigraphic units were identified: the youngest Unit 1 (Coccolith Mud), Unit 2 (Sapropel Mud) and the oldest Unit 3 (Lacustrine lutite). The glacial cold period is marked by the presence of the cold-water ostracod species. The cores contain a reddish-brown clay and silt interval belonging to the post-glacial melt-water pulse of the Heinrich Event 1. In the upper part of the cores, in Unit 1, a brackish ostracod assemblage, with low diversity and abundance was identified. This interval is characterized by the presence of polyhaline ostracods with Mediterranean origin. The ostracods from this assemblage tolerate salinities comprised between 17-21 ‰ and characterize a sub-littoral environment.

The aim of this study is to decipher the paleoenvironmental and paleoecological conditions by the integration of the fossil record with the CaCO₃ values. Detailed micropaleontological studies, based on ostracod and foraminifera analyses, are also presented herein.

Keywords: ostracods, foraminifers, reddish-brown clay

Acknowledgements: The financial support was provided by the Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, Project of Excellence in Research-Innovation, AMBIACVA, Contract No. 23PFE/2021 and Project PN III PED uBiogas, contract no. 24PCCDI/ 2018.

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PI.11. CONCERNING THE PROBLEM OF THE BLACK SEA GEOECOSYSTEM IMPACTING ON THE NORTH BLACK SEA COAST POPULATION 

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PI.11. CONCERNING THE PROBLEM OF THE BLACK SEA GEOECOSYSTEM IMPACTING ON THE NORTH BLACK SEA COAST POPULATION 

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Volodymyr Yemelianov*, Тamara Kukovska

State Scientific Institution «Center for Problems of Marine Geology, Geoecology and Sedimentary Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine»,

O. Honchara str., 55-b, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine

*Corresponding author: eva@nas.gov.ua; volodyasea1990@gmail.com

Abstract. Understanding and recognition of the importance of the impacts of the Black Sea Geoecosystem (BSGES) on the population of Black Sea Coast (BSC), among involved in the study of Black Sea (BS) problems scientific community, are limited. This is often the reason for restraining the use of the system approach as one of the tools for implementing the theory of ecosysystem servises not only in the development applied aspects of Earth sciences, but also in the regional environmental, economic and social policies.

From the theoretical and methodological positions of marine geoecology, it is shown that the specificity of the impact on the   BSC population is largely determined by the peculiarities of the composition, properties, dynamics and functioning of the BSGES, determined by the synergy its largest geological (GESUS), aquatic and aerial subsystems

On the basis of previous theoretical developments, the authors made an attempt to investigate the practical side of the problem, the essence of which is stated in the title of the report, and to establish certain effects of the influence of BSGES, in particular its GESUS, related to the identification of the role of the EP in providing the population of the BSC with natural resources, comfortable spaces and places of residence, other ecologically, economically and socially significant "products, goods".

The role of abiotic factors in providing ES to the population of the BSC was considered, a list of BSGES ES was created, and their mapping was carried out. As a basis, the original developments, in particular, the author's scheme of geoecological zoning of the Black Sea shelf of Ukraine were used. It is shown that the geoecosystems of the estuarine and transition zones of the Danube, Dniester and Dnipro-Bug districts provide the largest number and variety of BSGES ES are impacting on the population of the BSC.

Keywords: marine geoecology, ecosystem services, abiotic factors, estuarine zones

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PI.12. DETECTION OF SULPHUROUS SUBMARINE SPRINGS IN MANGALIA AREA BY GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

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PI.12. DETECTION OF SULPHUROUS SUBMARINE SPRINGS IN MANGALIA AREA BY GEOPHYSICAL METHODS

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Adrian Popa 1,2*, Sorin Balan 1,2, Gabriel Ion ¹

1 National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology-GeoEcoMar, 024053 Bucharest, Romania

² University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geology and Geophysics, Doctoral School of Geology, 6, Traian Vuia Street, 020956, Bucharest

*Corresponding adress: adrian.popa@geoecomar.ro

Abstract. Sulphurous springs are well known in Mangalia area on shore, near shore in coastal bays and also in the shelf area. For the habitat protection which contains the sulphurous springs a Site of Community Importance (ROSCI-0094) was estabilished in 2007. The area comprised first mainly by the protected bays by the embankments near shore, and was later enlarged up to 40 meters water depth.

The sulphurous springs near shore or in very shallow water can be easily observed because of the specific change in sea water color whilst the ones in shelf area were observed by divers. While it is not easy to map the springs with the help of divers the geophysical method coupled with water chemistry can be employed for this task.

In 2021 in the framework of National Core program GeoEcoMar researchers carried out measurements offshore Mangalia aiming to detect the undewater springs. A Norbit iWBMSh multibeam and a Picarro G2301 gaz analyzer were used for these measurements. The multibeam has the capability to measure the backscatter of sediments and water column and can detect gas bubbles or changes in water temperature associated with underwater springs. The gas analyzer detects the disolved gases in near surface sea water, thus providing a rough estimation of order of magnitude of the spring gas emissions.

By coupling geophisical measurments with detection of CO₂ and CH₄ gases from seawater with the gas analyzer we can provide a good mapping of distribution of underwater springs thus helping to a better understing of underwater geological morphology and associated processes.

Keywords: sulphurous submarine springs, Mangalia, Romanian shelf, bathymetry

Acknowledgements: The research was carried out in the framework of the project PN-1920-0202 funded by Romanian Government through Ministry of Research Innovation and Digitization within the National Core Programme.

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PI.13. EXTREME WAVES CONDITIONS AT THE ENTRANCE OF CONSTANTA PORT

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PI.13. EXTREME WAVES CONDITIONS AT THE ENTRANCE OF CONSTANTA PORT

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Elena Vlăsceanu ¹*, Ichinur Omer ², Dragoș Niculescu ¹,

Dragoș Marin ¹, Răzvan Mateescu 1,3, Liliana Rusu ³

¹ National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”, 300 Mamaia Blvd, 900581, Constanta, Romania

² Faculty of Civil Engineering,” Ovidius” University of Constanta, 22 B Unirii Street, RO-900524, Constanta, Romania

³ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania

*Correspondence author: evlasceanu@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the extreme waves propagation at the entrance of Constanta maritime port area, as well as the impacts on port operations. The wave propagation modeling considered the measured bathymetry of the harbor in the area of interest, updated port extensions layout, measurements and digitized bathymetric maps. For the selected offshore waves directions, considered for the harbor entrance area, the incident waves of maximum impact and the peak period values corresponding to the extreme heights of the significant wave at different return periods were calculated. In this regard, it was used a mild-slope wave propagation numerical model. The model provided quantitative evaluation of the vulnerability induced by the wave agitation on the port developing areas and an overview on hydrodynamic conditions which are the basis for various shelter facilities developments in Constanta Harbor, in extreme events circumstances.

Keywords: maritime ports, waves propagations, extreme conditions, return periods, wave modeling

Acknowledgement. This work was carried out in the framework of the research project CLIMEWAR (CLimate change IMpact Evaluation on future WAve conditions at Regional scale for the Black and Mediterranean seas marine system), supported by a grant of the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, CNCS - UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-PCE-2021-0015, within PNCDI III.

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Session II: Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation of Marine Ecosystems, Moderator - NIMRD
Marine ecosystems are subject to a variety of threats including disease, pollution, climate change, habitat alteration, overexploitation, and invasive species. Various conservation approaches are used to protect these ecosystems and involve monitoring, management, and international cooperation. Understanding the fundamental components as well as the interactions between aquatic organisms and their environment can help to better understand and conserve marine ecosystems.
The session ”Biodiversity, Ecology and Conservation of Marine Ecosystems” aims to bring together leading academic scientists and researchers to exchange and share their research results, latest findings, achievements and views on marine biodiversity, ecology and conservation.

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PII.1. OVERVIEW OF THE MICROALGAL BLOOMS OCCURRENCES IN THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA WATERS DURING 2021

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PII.1. OVERVIEW OF THE MICROALGAL BLOOMS OCCURRENCES IN THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA WATERS DURING 2021

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Oana Vlas*, Laura Boicenco, Elena Pantea, Luminita Lazăr

National Institute for Marine Research and Development "Grigore Antipa", 300 Mamaia Blvd., 900581 Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: ovlas@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The 2021 Romanian Black Sea waters’ microalgal blooms overview was based on the biweekly surface samples collected from the Mamaia’ Bay station (111 samples) and the samples collected during the June scientific cruise on the monitoring network profiles which covered the variable salinity, coastal and marine waters from Sulina to Vama Veche (39 samples). During 2021, eight phytoplankton species recorded densities of more than one million cells per liter, of which three species only in the Mamaia’ shallow waters. Although the magnitude of these phenomena was much lower this year compared to the maximum value of 2019 (8.65∙10⁶ cells/L) and 2018 (23.44·10⁶ cells/L), their frequency increased, being present in each season. From the analysis of the physico-chemical parameters, the main factor that determined these blooms was the nutrients enrichment from different sources such as river input, upwelling, land-based pollution sources (wastewater treatment plants). Added to this cause is the sea water temperature increase, more pronounced in recent years. Another important factor was the salinity decrease, especially due to the Danube’s hydrological regime, which together with the mentioned factors favoured the blooms of some freshwater species (Pseudanabaena limnetica, Limnolyngbya circumcreta, Spirulina sp. and Skeletonema subsalsum). We are thus witnessing ecosystem’s alteration controlled by climate change specific elements which require special measures to reduce nutrients from human activities.

Keywords: microalgae, blooms, climate change, Black Sea

Acknowledgements: This research has been carried out with financial support from SIPOCA-608 Project "Improving the capacity of the central public authority in the field of water management in terms of planning, implementing and reporting European requirements" co-financed by the European Social Fund (ESF) through the Operational Programme "Administrative Capacity" 2014-2020.

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PII.2. OVERVIEW OF THE CHLOROPHYLL A VARIATION IN THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA SHALLOW WATERS OF MAMAIA DURING WARM SEASON 2020-2021

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PII.2. OVERVIEW OF THE CHLOROPHYLL A VARIATION IN THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA SHALLOW WATERS OF MAMAIA DURING WARM SEASON 2020-2021

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Ioana Tania Ciobănică ¹, Oana Vlas ², Manuela Diana Samargiu 1

¹“Ovidius” University of Constanta, 124 Mamaia Blvd., 900 527 Constanta, Romania

2 National Institute for Marine Research and Development "Grigore Antipa", 300 Mamaia Blvd., 900581 Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: taniaciobanica@yahoo.com

Abstract. Chlorophyll is a light-harvesting green pigment found in most photosynthetic organisms including phytoplankton. The concentration of chlorophyll a is used as an indicator to assess the state of the coastal, marine and variable salinity waters. Following the analysis of 97 samples collected from the Mamaia Bay coastal station in the warm season of 2020 and 2021, the concentration of chlorophyll a varied between 0.73 and 25.98 μg/L in 2020, with higher values compared to those recorded in 2021 (0.33 and 11.99 μg/L). The average value of the chlorophyll concentration recorded during May-October 2020 (2.51 μg/L) is slightly lower than in 2021 (2.71 μg/L). The assessment of the ecological status of the coastal waters of Mamaia Bay according to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive based on the chlorophyll a indicator (the 75th percentile of the values recorded in the warm season), suggested a good ecological status in both years. Continuous monitoring of chlorophyll a concentration in seawater represents an easy to measure indicator, essential for the assessment of the marine ecosystem quality according to the requirements of the European directive MSFD (Marine Strategy Framework Directive).

Keywords: chlorophyll a, MSFD, coastal waters, Black Sea

Acknowledgements: This research has been carried out with support from “Ovidius” University of Constanta in collaboration with National Institute for Marine Research and Development "Grigore Antipa", Constanta.

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PII.3. VARIATIONS IN MICROZOOPLANKTON (TINTINNID CILIATES) COMMUNITY ALONG THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA AREA IN 2021

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PII.3. VARIATIONS IN MICROZOOPLANKTON (TINTINNID CILIATES) COMMUNITY ALONG THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA AREA IN 2021

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Cristina Tabarcea*

National Institute for Marine Research and Development "Grigore Antipa", 300 Mamaia Blvd., 900581 Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: ctabarcea@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. Here is the summary of the results from 2 cruises performed in May-June and August-September 2021 in the Romanian Black Sea area. A total of 23 tintinnid species were identified in 2021, the taxa number and distribution recording variations from an investigated period to another. From the 20 species identified in the first cruise, 19 were identified in the 0 m layer, while only 8 species were identified in the 10 m layer. The species Eutintinnus sp. and Salpingella decurtata were found exclusively in the 10 m layer. Tintinnopsis cylindrica represented 74% of the mean biomass of tintinnid’s community in May-June, the best quantitative representation being recorded in the northern sector of the Romanian coast. The second cruise led to the identification of a microzooplankton community consisting of 16 species: 16 in the 0m layer and 9 species in the DCM (Deep Chlorophyll Maximum) layer. Amphorellopsis acuta represented 91% of the mean biomass of tintinnid’s community in August-September. Tintinnids were best represented from the quantitative point of view in P10 station which was located in the offshore area.

Keywords: variation, tintinnid ciliates, Romanian Black Sea

Acknowledgements: This research has been carried out with financial support from SIPOCA-608 Project "Improving the capacity of the central public authority in the field of water management in terms of planning, implementing and reporting European requirements" co-financed by the European Social Fund (ESF) through the Operational Programme "Administrative Capacity" 2014-2020.

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PII.4. DISTRIBUTION AND SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF MESOZOOPLANKTON FROM THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA DURING 2013-2020

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PII.4. DISTRIBUTION AND SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF MESOZOOPLANKTON FROM THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA DURING 2013-2020

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Elena Bișinicu 1*, George Emanuel Harcotă 1,2, Victor Cristea ³

1 National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”, 300 Mamaia Blvd, 900581, Constanta, Romania

² University of Bucharest, Doctoral School in Ecology, Bucharest, Romania

³ Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, 47 Domnească Street, RO-800008, Galati, Romania

*Corresponding author: ebisinicu@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The analysis of the mesozooplankton community from the Romanian Black Sea coast has revealed variations both qualitatively and quantitatively. Regarding the identified mesozooplankton species, a decrease in the species number according to the season was observed, with a maximum of 25 species in the warm season and a minimum of 15 species in the cold season. The Simper analysis for the warm and cold season highlighted the high contribution that the nonfodder component represented by Noctiluca scintillans had in the warm season, in the cold season being less represented. The mesozooplanktonic fodder component in the warm and cold season of 2013-2020 showed variations of density and biomass, copepods and the meroplanktonic component being best represented in the warm season. Worth noting in the warm season is also the group of cladocerans that recorded higher average values of density and biomass, unlike in the cold season where they were very poorly represented. Other groups were better represented also in the warm season, showing a decrease in terms of abundance and biomass in the cold season.

Keywords: analysis, species, density, biomass, variations

Acknowledgements: This research has been carried out with financial support from the NUCLEU Programme (CEMAR 2012-2015, PROMARE 2016-2017, SIMAR 2018, INTELMAR 2019-2022) and from the Integrated monitoring program of the marine ecosystem at the Black Sea according to the requirements of art. 11 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC).

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Marblue Bisinicu DISTRIBUTION AND SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF MESOZOOPLANKTON FROM THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA DURING 2013-2020

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PII.5. THE ZOOPLANKTON COMPOSITION, DISTRIBUTION, AND ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY STATUS OF PELAGIC HABITATS OF THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA WATERS

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PII.5. THE ZOOPLANKTON COMPOSITION, DISTRIBUTION, AND ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY STATUS OF PELAGIC HABITATS OF THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA WATERS

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Mihaela Muresan ¹, Adrian Teaca ¹, Tatiana Begun ¹, Selma Menabit 1,2, Adrian Popa 1,3

¹ National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology – GeoEcoMar, 23-25, Dimitrie Onciul, 024053 Bucharest, Romania

² Institute of Biology Bucharest/Department of Microbiology,

296, Splaiul Independentei, 060031, Bucharest, Romania

³ University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geology and Geophysics, Doctoral School of Geology, 6, Traian Vuia Street, 020956, Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: tbegun@geoecomar.ro

Abstract. The paper presents the mesozooplankton population characteristics and distributional patterns within the coastal, transitional, and marine waters of the Romanian Black Sea shelf in August 2021. The assessment of water bodies’ quality status based on the zooplankton indices agreed for the Black Sea according to the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) and Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC), showed that 70.97% of stations were in GES, while the remaining in non-GES. A new index, namely the Plankton Index (IP), aiming to integrate the results of all three indices, has been proposed. At a threshold value of 90% set for the IP, the overall quality status of the water bodies of the Romanian shelf in August 2021 did not achieve GES. The results also point out the utility of zooplankton as a biological indicator for delimiting the pelagic habitats due to its features strongly linked with the environmental variables.

Keywords: pelagic habitats, MSFD zooplankton-based indices, Plankton Index (IP), water quality status assessment

Acknowledgements: The study was financially supported by the Romanian Ministry of Research in the framework of the CORE Programme projects - PN19200302, PN19200102 and P19200101.

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PII.6. ICHTHYOPLANKTON DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE IN RELATION TO MACROZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY ALONG THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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PII.6. ICHTHYOPLANKTON DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE IN RELATION TO MACROZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY ALONG THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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Aurelia Țoțoiu 1*, Laura Boicenco ¹, Florin Timofte ¹, George Emanuel Harcotă 1,2

¹ National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300 Mamaia Blvd., 900581 Constanta, Romania

2 University of Bucharest, Doctoral School in Ecology, Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: atotoiu@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. Ichthyoplankton and macrozooplankton assemblages were studied from samples collected from the Romanian Black Sea coast during 2020 – 2021. The reproduction of the fish species and the development of the larvae is closely related to the environmental conditions, the breeder’s stock state, the trophic base, but also prey-predator relation. Ichthyoplankton analysis should not only address the simple description of the presence or absence of species, but it should also focus on the type and nature of the interactions established between the populations and their environment. The qualitative structure of ichthyoplankton in 2020-2021 included eggs and larvae of Engraulis encrasicolus, Scorpaena porcus, Merlangius merlangus, Sprattus sprattus, Trachurus mediterraneus and Mullus barbatus, the dominant species being anchovy - Engraulis encrasicolus. The macrozooplankton community was represented by four species: Aurelia aurita, Pleurobrachia pileus, Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata. Macrozooplankton blooming led to structural and functional transformations in the ecosystem, having direct and indirect effects on ichthyoplankton. Following the quantitative analysis of the collected samples, it was found that in the areas where the macrozooplankton recorded high densities values, the ichthyoplankton density was low.

Keywords: analysis, eggs, larvae, interactions, prey-predator

Acknowledgements: This research has been carried out with financial support from SIPOCA-608 Project "Improving the capacity of the central public authority in the field of water management in terms of planning, implementing and reporting European requirements" co-financed by the European Social Fund (ESF) through the Operational Programme "Administrative Capacity" 2014-2020.

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PII.7. CULTURE TECHNIQUES FOR ACARTIA CLAUSI FROM THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COASTAL WATERS

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PII.7. CULTURE TECHNIQUES FOR ACARTIA CLAUSI FROM THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COASTAL WATERS

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George-Emanuel Harcotă *1,2, Elena Bișinicu ¹, Geta Rîșnoveanu ²

¹ National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300 Mamaia Blvd, 900581, Constanta, Romania

² University of Bucharest, Doctoral School in Ecology, Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: gharcota@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. As copepods are an important food source for most fish larvae, there is a continuing interest in developing techniques for culturing marine copepods as live food in aquaculture and testing organisms in acute toxicity tests. Studies have shown that several species of calanoid copepods can be used successfully in aquaculture, acclimatized and grown in the laboratory over several generations. However, significant difficulties in cultivating calanoid copepods in high quantities were reported. They are related to their low tolerance to changes in water quality and reduced production capacity compared to other taxonomic groups. Therefore, working methods for obtaining viable cultures of calanoid copepods are dependent highly on the local environmental context. Until now, such a method has not been implemented for calanoid species from the Romanian Black Sea coast. This paper details the methodology we adapted and used for achieving a viable Acartia (Acartiura) clausi (Giesbrecht, 1889) culture using specimens collected along the Romania Black Sea coast. The method was successfully tested. Reproduction and egg hatching occurred under laboratory-controlled conditions, and viable individuals of A. clausi were obtained. Our results open the possibility of integrating this species in toxicity tests and food production for the marine aquaculture industry.

Keywords: Acartia clausi, copepod, Black Sea, culture

Acknowledgements: The study has been supported by NUCLEU Program (INTELMAR), funded by the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, financing contract no. 45N/14.02.2019, project PN19260202 Ecological, ecophysiological and biotechnological research of ecosystems in Romanian marine waters - Phase 12: Studies on the culture of copepods under controlled laboratory conditions; breeding methodology and egg hatching success according to abiotic and biotic conditions.

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MARBLUE 2022 HGE 1 CULTURE TECHNIQUES FOR ACARTIA CLAUSI FROM THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COASTAL WATERS

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PII.8. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ACUTE TOXICITY TEST ON MARINE COPEPODS IN THE SPECIFIC CONDITIONS OF THE BLACK SEA

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PII.8. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ACUTE TOXICITY TEST ON MARINE COPEPODS IN THE SPECIFIC CONDITIONS OF THE BLACK SEA

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George-Emanuel Harcotă *1,2, Valentina Coatu ¹, Elena Bișinicu ¹, Geta Rîșnoveanu ²

¹ National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300 Mamaia Blvd, 900581, Constanta, Romania

² University of Bucharest, Doctoral School in Ecology, Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: gharcota@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. Ecotoxicity tests are designed to determine specific concentrations of chemicals that have a measurable effect on a target organism. The environmental context may influence the effects of pollutants. Therefore, the ecological risk assessment should include relevant environmental characteristics for each region so that the toxicity test gives accurate results on the tested organism. To our knowledge, no such experiments are conducted on marine copepods from the Romanian Black Sea coast. This study aims to develop the acute toxicity test on marine copepods under the specific conditions of the Black Sea and test it. To validate the protocol, we used individuals of Acartia clausi in copepod stage V, a widespread marine copepod along the coastal regions of the Black Sea. Individuals of A. clausi were exposed at various concentrations (0; 0.06; 0.17; 0.49; 1.4; 4 mg/L) of 3.5 dichlorophenol (a reference substance) at 20° C for 48 hours. Considering the literature recommendation, we tested the toxicity of zinc, which can reach significantly higher than the normal concentrations, especially in coastal regions under the influence of river waters, domestic and industrial wastewater discharges, and ports. The main purpose was to assess the impact of this substance on marine copepods and develop a proper methodology for the monitoring programs along the Black Sea coast. The LC50 for zinc in our case study was 0.785 mg/L. Various studies have shown values of LC50 for zinc, between 0.29 and 4.09 mg/L for different species of marine copepods and 0.95 mg/L for A. clausi. Our results demonstrate the applicability of such an ecotoxicity test for monitoring purposes of water quality in the Black Sea conditions.

Keywords: Acartia clausi, concentration, pollutant, laboratory, chemicals

Acknowledgements: The study has been supported by NUCLEU Program (INTELMAR), funded by the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, financing contract no. 45N/14.02.2019, project PN19260202 - The project: Adaptation of the experimental methods for evaluating the ecotoxicity of pollutants to the specific conditions of the Black Sea, in support of decision-making by the interested parties. Phase: 1 - Obtaining the culture of Acartia clausi from organisms collected from the Romanian coast of the Black Sea and Phase: 2a - Performing acute toxicity tests on organisms from the Acartia clausi culture.

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MARBLUE 2022 HGE 2 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ACUTE TOXICITY TEST ON MARINE COPEPODS IN THE SPECIFIC CONDITIONS OF THE BLACK SEA

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PII.9. MODELLING THE DYNAMIC PROCESSES OF THE BLACK SEA ECOSYSTEM REGARDING THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ABIOTIC AND BIOTIC COMPONENTS

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PII.9. MODELLING THE DYNAMIC PROCESSES OF THE BLACK SEA ECOSYSTEM REGARDING THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ABIOTIC AND BIOTIC COMPONENTS

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Elena Bișinicu ¹, Laura Boicenco, 1 George Emanuel Harcotă 1,2, Elena Pantea ¹,

Cristina Tabarcea 1 , Florin Timofte ¹, Oana Vlas ¹, Luminița Lazăr ¹

1 National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300 Mamaia Blvd, 900581, Constanta, Romania

² University of Bucharest, Doctoral School in Ecology, Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: ebisinicu@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The study’s aim is to assess the relationships between abiotic factors, phytoplankton and zooplankton from the Romanian Black Sea coast by using qualitative and semi-quantitative models facilitate the understanding of ecosystem processes. The water and biological samples were collected in expeditions organized in the warm season (May-September) of 2008-2018, within the monitoring network, from 39 sampling stations in variable salinity, coastal and marine waters. Over the entire analyzed period, an increasing trend in temperature and salinity was observed, the phytoplankton community was represented by 298 species belonging to 16 taxonomic classes and the zooplankton component recorded a number of 32 taxa, copepods representing the bulk of the community. Based on the collected data and by using Machine Learning algorithms from ArcGIS Pro, we obtained the models and proliferation scenarios of phytoplankton and zooplankton. The importance of water temperature was observed, being the dominant variable in the case of copepod’s density (36%) and other zooplankton groups (30%) but not influencing Noctiluca scintillans blooms. Salinity variations greatly influenced the normal proliferation of phytoplankton, while its extensive blooms were due, to the greatest extent, to phosphate concentrations. Two scenarios for predicting the development of phytoplankton and zooplankton were analysed: Bussiness As Usual, in which temperature increased by 0.4oC, salinity increased by 0.84‰ and nutrient concentrations remained constant and the Mild scenario in which sea water temperature increased by 0.8 oC until 2050 and salinity by 1.68 ‰. According to the scenarios run, it turned out that water temperature did not influence the nonfodder zooplankton (Noctiluca scintillans), unlike salinity and nutrients that facilitated the proliferation of phytoplankton and implicitly led to the growth of the dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans.

Keywords: abiotic, phytoplankton, zooplankton, scenario, blooms

Acknowledgements: The study has been supported by NUCLEU Program (INTELMAR), funded by the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, financing contract no. 45N/14.02.2019, project PN19260202.

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MARBLUE BISINICU- MODELLING THE DYNAMIC PROCESSES OF THE BLACK SEA ECOSYSTEM REGARDING THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ABIOTIC AND BIOTIC COMPONENTS

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PII.10. BENTHIC AND PELAGIC HABITATS AT THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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PII.10. BENTHIC AND PELAGIC HABITATS AT THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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Adrian Teacă ¹, Tatiana Begun 1*, Mihaela Mureșan ¹, Selma Menabit 1,2, Adrian Popa 1,3

¹ National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology – GeoEcoMar, 23-25, Dimitrie Onciul, 024053 Bucharest, Romania

² Institute of Biology Bucharest/Department of Microbiology, 296, Splaiul Independentei, 060031, Bucharest, Romania

³ University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geology and Geophysics, Doctoral School of Geology, 6, Traian Vuia Street, 020956, Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: tbegun@geoecomar.ro

Abstract. Most of the ocean floor is still not explored (Wölfl et al., 2019), therefore mapping the seabed is currently an essential task for maritime spatial planning and implementation of strategies for sustainable management and protection of the coastal environment. This study has been set up to identify and describe the distribution of the main benthic habitats of the Romanian Black Sea coast using the revised EUNIS 2021 classification system and based on the most up-to-date references and the unpublished sources that were available to the authors. The broadscale habitats is the result of the spatial combination of biological zones and benthic communities’ distribution. 32 broad scale habitats have been agreed for the Romanian Black Sea, of which 19 coastal, 12 soft bottom circalittoral habitats, and two for bathyal and abysal, respectively.

Our study has contributed to the improvement and updating of knowledge in terms of biodiversity and habitat distribution. Over the last 15 years, GeoEcoMar has considerably intensified the research effort managing to obtain information from more than 400 stations.

Some considerations on the steps forward and current gaps on the classification and evaluation of pelagic habitats at the Romanian littoral will be also presented. We summarized and performed a critical analysis of quality assessment indicators of pelagic habitats currently used at European level According to recent researches, both the benthic and pelagic ecosystems have witnessed a period of improvement, exemplified by the reappearance of some species, which used to be abundant in the period of ecological stability. The results showed an increased macrobenthic diversity comparative with the period of the ’90s.

Keywords: Mapping benthic habitats, ecological state, indicators

Acknowledgements: The study was financially supported by the Romanian Ministry of Research in the framework of the CORE Programme project - PN19200302 and EASME/2020/OP/0006: "European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet)" “Lot 3 Seabed Habitats”

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PII.11. USING NATIVE TAXA TO BOOST ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF COASTAL HABITATS

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PII.11. USING NATIVE TAXA TO BOOST ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF COASTAL HABITATS

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Daniyar Memedemin*, Cristina Preda, Carla Gavrilescu, Marius Skolka

Ovidius University of Constanţa, Department of Natural Sciences,

1 Universităţii Al., Building B, 900470, Constanţa, Romania

*Corresponding author: daniyar_memedemin@univ-ovidius.ro

Abstract. The health of the marine environment is also dependent on the health of the terrestrial coastal ecosystems. There is an urgent need for developing methods that are feasible, low-cost, environmentally friendly and sustainable, for the restoration of lands degraded as a result of intensive economic activities. We assessed the effectiveness of using native taxa to colonise/stabilise polluted areas, by inventorying the communities inhabiting different types of habitats (i.e. more or less densely vegetated) and considering a gradient of disturbance (i.e. sites that are currently under exploitation vs. sites where the exploitation has ceased). Our study focused on the structural and functional diversity of the investigated communities, and on the identification of plant species and invertebrates that are easily dispersed and tolerant to intensely polluted areas. We considered such taxa as viable options for ecological restoration, when dealing with similar types of degraded habitats. Our recommendations provide support to practitioners and environmental managers, facilitate the decision-making process and will be further developed in experimental setups. The research was carried out as part of a project that focuses on novel technologies for the ecological remediation of tailing dams.

Keywords: plants, invertebrates, degraded, polluted areas, restoration

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, CCCDI – EUFISCDI, project number PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2019-2584, within PNCD III.

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PII.12. CURRENT INFORMATION ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE CRITICALLY ENDANGERED RED ALGA DASYA BAILLOUVIANA (S. G. GMELIN) MONTAGNE, 1841 ALONG THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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PII.12. CURRENT INFORMATION ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE CRITICALLY ENDANGERED RED ALGA DASYA BAILLOUVIANA (S. G. GMELIN) MONTAGNE, 1841 ALONG THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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Oana Marin*

National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300 Mamaia Blvd, 900581, Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: omarin@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. Along the Romanian Black Sea coast, red algae, along with brown ones, were the most affected over time by the cumulative action of unfavourable natural and anthropogenic factors, hence the current qualitative decline. Consequently, a number of 10 species of red and brown algae are included in the current Red List of endangered marine species. Dasya baillouviana (S.G. Gmelin) Montagne, 1841, a red alga considered disappeared for a long period of time, nowadays Critically Endangered (according to Order no. 488/2020 published in the Official Gazette of Romania), was reported after many years near Constanta city, around the newly built dikes, in a monospecific association, at depths in the range of 0.5 – 1 m, on rocky substrate. With a last report in the 70s, currently the species seems to thrive at the base of the newly built dikes in Pescarie - Constanta area, developing a stable, small population, with a punctiform distribution, but with well-developed specimens and clearly differentiated reproductive elements. Identified after more than 50 years during summer season 2019, it was subsequently reported every year since then. The species was found with all its reproductive organs. Morphological and reproductive features are described and discussed in the current paper.

Keywords: macroalgae, qualitative decline, reappearance, Red List

Acknowledgements: The study has been supported by NUCLEU Program (INTELMAR), funded by the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, financing contract no. 45N/14.02.2019, project PN19260202.

[LB1]Underline sau nu

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PII.13. RED ALGAE (RHODOPHYTA) FROM ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST AND POSSIBLE OCCURENCE OF NEW SPECIES

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PII.13. RED ALGAE (RHODOPHYTA) FROM ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST AND POSSIBLE OCCURENCE OF NEW SPECIES

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Daciana Sava*

“Ovidius” University of Constanta,Faculty of Natural Sciences and Agricultural Sciences, 124 Mamaia Blvd., 900527 Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: daciana.sava@gmail.com

Abstract. Phytobenthos include marine vegetation that attach to solid substrate and marine phytobenthos is made up especially of pluricellular algae of the green algae category (Enteromorpha, Ulva, Bryopsis), brown and red algae. Red algae represent an important component at Black Sea ecosystem, even though the number of species have decreased over time.

This paper shows the situation regarding the presence red algae at our littoral in present, compared with previous decades. We consider that a particular attention should be paid to this group, because there is a dramatic decline regarding the number of Rhodophyta, this being explained by the fact that this group has some particular preferences regarding the physico-chemical conditions of the water and is the most sensitive to pollution, even though some genera of red algae (Ceramium) can also develop in eutrophic waters, sometimes covering the hard substratum up to 90%.

In particular after year 2000, researches highlighted some positive signs, in terms of the physico-chemical conditions of Black sea littoral waters, which has consequences for all biota. In this regard, it is possible to notice the appearance of species not mentioned for a long time, and perhaps even the identification of some species not signaled at our seaside before.

The present paper signals the presence of some species of red algae, considered either lost for many years or never signalled at our littoral, collected from various sites along the littoral, over the last years.

Unfortunately, no exact data about their location and biomass could be achieved, as the thalli of these species were collected from the beach, teared away from the rocky bottom, so further investigations are absolutely necessary.

Keywords: phytobenthos, red algae, Rhodophyya

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PII.14. FOUR NEW SPECIES OF SOFT‐SHELLED MONOTHALAMOUS FORAMINIFERA AND GROMIIDS IDENTIFIED ON THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA SHELF

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PII.14. FOUR NEW SPECIES OF SOFT‐SHELLED MONOTHALAMOUS FORAMINIFERA AND GROMIIDS IDENTIFIED ON THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA SHELF

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Sylvain Kreuter, Maria Holzmann, Jan Pawlowski, Diana Grace Holdsworth, Ana Bianca Pavel ¹

National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-Ecology - GeoEcoMar,

23-25 Dimitrie Onciul St., 024053 Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: biancapavel@geoecomar.ro

Abstract. Based on molecular and morphological data, the current study reveals the presence of four new species for science from “soft-shelled monothalamous” Foraminifera (Saccamminidae family) and Cercozoa (Gromiidae family) for the first time in the studied areas of Sulina, Sf. Gheorghe, Portița, Constanta, Tuzla and Mangalia. Gromiids are characterized as unicellular organisms with soft test full of stercoma (consisting of organic material and clay minerals from ingested sediments), is enclosed by a proteinaceous test. The foraminiferans from Saccamminidae family are characterized by agglutinated test, which is defined by an irregular, rounded, tubular or branched agglutinated test, non-septate or with only partially subdivided interior. The investigated areas are located from North to South, belonging to the Romanian continental shelf of the Black Sea. The samples transect ranged from shallow to deep water between 19.5 and 149 m depth. The measurement campaign was conducted in 2021 with the GeoEcoMar’s research vessel Mare Nigrum. The main objective of this contribution is to present the first genetic data on two monothalamid species – Saccamminidae Family – Psammophaga Genus and two gromiid species - Gromiidae Family, identified on the Romanian Black Sea shelf. In the Black Sea, soft-shelled monothalamous foraminiferans and gromiids are poorly documented and few species have been described. The Black Sea gromiids and soft shelled monothalamous were mostly found in surficial sediments in areas of elevated organic input, suggesting that deep-sea gromiids are likely to play an important role in carbon cycling in bathyal eutrophic regions through the ingestion and degradation of fresh organic matter.

Keywords: Benthic Foraminifera, Black Sea, Gromiidae, Saccamminidae

Acknowledgements: The research leading to these results has received funding from the Romanian Ministry of Research in the framework of the CORE Programme NUCLEU, PN 19 20 01 02 “Multidisciplinary research in order to achieve the objectives of knowing the interactions between climate change and anthropic and effective pressures in the case of Black Sea ecosystems” carried out by GeoEcoMar.

[LB1]Aveti grija ca pe la unele abstracte nu este scris cu negru ci cu un GRI. GEOECOMAR este scris cam diferit la unele Abstracte, sa fie UNITAR. La fel si la INCDM sau OUC.

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Pavel et al. 2022_MARBLUE_Conference_poster (1)

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PII.15. CHEMICAL STATUS EVALUATION OF THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA MARINE ENVIRONMENT BASED ON BENTHIC ORGANISMS CONTAMINATION

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PII.15. CHEMICAL STATUS EVALUATION OF THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA MARINE ENVIRONMENT BASED ON BENTHIC ORGANISMS CONTAMINATION

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Nicoleta Damir٭, Diana Danilov, Andra Oros, Luminița Lazăr, Valentina Coatu

National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300, Mamaia Blvd., RO-900591, Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: ndamir@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The use of living organisms to provide information on the quality of aquatic environments is now a widely accepted methodology for assessing contaminant bioavailability. Molluscs have developed tolerance mechanisms towards environmental stressors and can accumulate a large range of contaminants. The assessment of marine environment quality was based on heavy metals (HM), persistent organic pollutants (organochlorine pesticides – OCPs and polychlorinated biphenyls - PCBs) and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) analysis in Mytilus galloprovincialis, Rapana venosa, Anadara kagoshimensis species sampled during 2016 - 2020 along Romanian Black Sea coast. Toxic metals (cadmium, lead) had bioaccumulation levels below threshold values in most molluscs samples investigated. Cadmium registered few values (15%) surpassing maximum admissible levels, in all three species. Data evaluation demonstrated the maintenance of a high level of concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in the mollusc tissue, but also of the exceedances of the values that characterize the good ecological status of these compounds. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons showed a declining trend and no exceeding of the maximum allowed limit for benzo[a]pyrene was recorded in the last years. In consequence, the overview assessment based on “OneOutAllOut” (OOAO) approach, considering all groups of substances, indicates a bad chemical status for this period.

Keywords: Black Sea, chemical status, benthic organisms, contaminants, pollution

Acknowledgements: This study has been supported by the ANEMONE project (funded by the EU under ENI CBC Black Sea basin Program 2014-2020, grant contract 83530).

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PII.16. MICROPLASTICS POLLUTION IN MUSSELS (MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS LAMARCK, 1819) ALONG THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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PII.16. MICROPLASTICS POLLUTION IN MUSSELS (MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS LAMARCK, 1819) ALONG THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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Elena-Daniela Pantea 1*, Elena Stoica ¹, Natalia Roșoiu 2,3

1 National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300 Mamaia Blvd., RO-900581, Constanţa, Romania

2 “Ovidius“ University, Faculty of Medicine,  Campus, 1 Aleea Universității,

Corp B, RO-900470, Constanţa, Romania

³ Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independenței,

RO-050094, Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: epantea@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. Microplastics, an emerging pollutant in marine environments, are one of the primary environmental risks because of their bioavailability for aquatic organisms. Bivalves are of particular interest because their extensive filter-feeding activity exposes them directly to plastics present in the water column. In the present study, we investigated microplastic pollution in mussels (Mytilusgalloprovincialis) from four sites along the Romanian Black Sea coast, between May and November 2018. The number of total microplastics varied from 18.89 to 69.89 items/individual. The highest mean abundance of microplastics per size class was observed in mussels of 2-3 cm (172.22 items), followed by those of 6-7 cm and 7-8 cm. The most common microplastics were fibers, followed by fragments. The abundance of microplastics in mussels grew with increasing length. The highest number of microplastics were recorded in summer and autumn in sites with intensive human activities. Our results suggested that the number of microplastic exhibited a high level in mussels and was closely related to the contamination of the environment. The presence of microplastics in seafood could pose a threat to food safety, however, estimations of the potential risks for human health are not yet possible.

Keywords: bivalves, plastics, pollutant, marine environment, seafood

Acknowledgements: This research has been carried out with financial support from the NUCLEU Programme (PN-18340201).

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PII.17. MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION INVESTIGATIONS IN MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS, MIDIA HARBOUR, WESTERN BLACK SEA

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PII.17. MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION INVESTIGATIONS IN MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS, MIDIA HARBOUR, WESTERN BLACK SEA

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Iulian Pojar*, Oana Dobre, Teodora Baboș

National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-Ecology - GeoEcoMar,

23-25 Dimitrie Onciul St., 024053 Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: iulianpojar@geocomar.ro

Abstract. Microplastic (MP) ingestion by marine species has been observed and studied intensively in the last years due to the critical negative impact on the entire food chain. The medical investigations performed on several mollusc species show a decreasing in growth and lower body conditions of the individuals that ingested MPs. Other similar studies on different marine molluscs present lower capacity of reproduction, an increase of hemocyte mortality, in general the long-term exposure to plastic particles led directly to toxic effects at tissue, cellular and molecular levels.

In the regional Mediterranean – Black Sea the average concentration of MP per one individual of Mytilus galloprovincialis is ranging between 1 and 3 particles. However, in the Midia Harbour located north of Constanta City, Romania - the present study perimeter - the concentration of MPs is increased up to 6 particles per individual, with an average concentration of 3 particles per individual, a total of 10 individuals were digested and filtrated through fiber-glass membranes. Quantitative analyses were performed using a stereomicroscope, taking into account the optical characteristics of MPs: size, morphology, colour, etc. The most encountered MPs are fibers, several fragments are also identified, dominantly ranged between 1 and 1.5 mm and all colours have been observed, yet most of the particles were black.

As we resume to quantitative research, specific source of the MPs cannot be indicated. However, the provenance area of the particles is presumed to be terrestrial and related to the sewerage system, due to the high concentration of fibers.

Keywords: Microplastic, Pollution, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Black Sea

Acknowledgements: The financial support was provided by Projects Research of Excellence AMBIACVA, No. 23PFE/30.12.2021 of the Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization (MCI).

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PII.18. A NEW METHOD FOR MONITORING THE STABILITY OF PARABENS AS MICROPOLLUTANTS IN SEAWATER

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PII.18. A NEW METHOD FOR MONITORING THE STABILITY OF PARABENS AS MICROPOLLUTANTS IN SEAWATER

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Georgeta Atodiresei-Pavalache 1*, Carmen Elena Lupu ¹, Verginica Schroder ¹

¹ Ovidius University of Constanta, 124 Mamaia Str., Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author:georgianapavalache@gmail.com

Abstract text: Among the potentially dangerous micropollutants in the marine environment, there are alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They are synthetic compounds with increased stability that are used in the preparation of various pharmaceutical and personal care products, having a preservative role. The increased stability and the low cost for obtaining them motivates the presence of these substances, frequently, in products of general use, and, implicitly, this leads to the increase of their concentration in the environment.

Through this work, the behavior of these derivatives in seawater was monitored, under the influence of some natural, variable factors, such as: pH, temperature, the presence of other chemical compounds, etc. Thus, a quantitative analytical method was proposed for the identification and dosage of parabens in seawater. The method can be used to monitor the stability of parabens in the aquatic environment.

The effects of p-hydroxybenzoic acid on the planktonic larvae by in vivo cytotoxicity brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) at the salinity variability (5, 15, 35 ppm) were evaluated. The effects were recorded at 24-48h after exposure, in laboratory conditions. The correlation dose-effect was identified. The fast lethality effects were identified at high salinity (35 ppm) and low concentrations of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.

The study was carried out on water samples from the Black Sea, from different areas of the beach in Constanta, Romania, in the summer season (June-August), the period when it is assumed that there are more sources of paraben pollution: waste water spills, bathing tourists, etc.

Keywords: micropolluants, parabens, monitorization

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Session III: Sustainable Use of Marine Resources, Moderator - NIMRD

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Session III: Sustainable Use of Marine Resources, Moderator - NIMRD

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Although the Black Sea is a unique basin that is rich in biodiversity, heritage and natural resources, it is increasingly under pressure due mainly to the impacts from human-induced factors, such as eutrophication and hypoxia, overfishing, and introduction of alien species, in addition to the effects of climate change. For these reasons, the sustainable use of the Black Sea resources is of utmost importance and research in these areas is essential.
This section covers topics focusing on living resources (fisheries, aquaculture, biotechnologies etc.) and non-living potential (mineral resources, energy, cultural heritage, tourism etc.), aiming at fostering the “blue transformation“ of the Black Sea.

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PIII.1. ANALYSIS OF SEABASS & SEABREAM AQUACULTURE SECTOR PROGRESS IN GREECE, IN TERMS OF ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND EMPLOYMENT

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PIII.1. ANALYSIS OF SEABASS & SEABREAM AQUACULTURE SECTOR PROGRESS IN GREECE, IN TERMS OF ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND EMPLOYMENT

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C. Danatskos, Antonis Κ. Kokkinakis*

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Forestry and Natural Environment,

P.O. Box 241, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece

*Corresponding author: akokkin@for.auth.gr

Abstract. During the last two decades, aquaculture in Greece, favored by the ideal conditions provided by its 16,000 km long coastline and its innumerable islands, has demonstrated a strong growth of the aquaculture sector, characterized by continuous changes in the structure, organization, and operation of the sector’s enterprises, and the development of aquaculture technology and production methodology. Those factors led to the development of a new aquaculture enterprise model set by the legal framework of the European Union and international competitiveness. Greece represents 10% of the total EU aquaculture production volume and since the dominant species of national aquaculture production are sea bream and sea bass, Greece also represents 47% of the total EU production value of those species. Consequently, the sector has also a significant contribution in employment terms since it is also estimated that the total number of employees in the Greek aquaculture sector, taking into account not only the directly related jobs but also the indirect jobs created by the support services of the industry (fish feed, technical equipment, packaging, transport, etc.), amounts to a total of 12.000 employees, directly and indirectly employed (including scientific, technical and skilled labor staff). Another important element for the aquaculture sector employment in Greece is that many jobs are created in remote areas of the Greek territory, which contributes significantly to the economic development of local communities. Aquaculture creates jobs in 10 of the 13 Regions of Greece, with the Regions of Western Greece, Central Greece, Peloponnese, and Attica representing the greatest percentage. Given the important role of aquaculture in the Greek economy, this paper will attempt to describe the sector’s development of production, costs, and cost structure, the productivity of sea bream and sea bass aquaculture in Greece and the sector’s employment structure during the last two decades.

Keywords: economic performance, production, cost structure, socio-demographics, labor productivity

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PIII.2. ENVIRONMENTAL AND OPERATIONAL COMPLICATIONS OF THE COASTAL AQUACULTURE MANAGEMENT IN THERMAIKOS GULF

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PIII.2. ENVIRONMENTAL AND OPERATIONAL COMPLICATIONS OF THE COASTAL AQUACULTURE MANAGEMENT IN THERMAIKOS GULF

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V.O. Stoilas, L.A. Kokkinakis, Antonis Κ. Kokkinakis*

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Forestry and Natural Environment,

P.O. Box 241, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece

*Corresponding author: akokkin@for.auth.gr

Abstract. Shellfish farming, and especially mussel farming, is the second most important sector of aquaculture in Greece, after fish farming and one of the most dynamic of the agricultural economy. The 75-80% of Greek mussel production is produced in Thermaikos Gulf (≈20,000 tons). The largest part of the production is exported to the EU (e.g. Italy, France) and contributes positively to the trade balance between Greece and the EU’s countries.

This paper describes and evaluates the main environmental and operational difficulties faced that shellfish farming face in Thermaikos Gulf. The main environmental problems focus on the frequent development of ‘red tides’ during the annual cycle and on the increase of sea water temperature in recent years. These issues result in mass mortality of the produced mussels and even the predation of the mussel brood by 'invasive species' (blue crab). Some of the structural problems are the inappropriate location and operation of the mussel farming units regarding the circulation of the waters of the gulf. The delays in the establishment of ‘Organized Aquaculture Development Areas’ (OADA), the arbitrary decision of building shellfish farming facilities and the incorrect implementation of the production instructions contribute also to this situation. Other major problems are the reduced production in shallow water (stake farming type), the long periods of mussel ban due to ‘red tides’, the professionals’ response to the distance from the coast of the mussel farms and the pollution that they bring to touristic and environmentally sensitive areas.

The establishment and maintenance of a new institutional framework for the development of sustainable aquaculture in the Thermaikos Gulf, should aim at the development of the mussel farming sector. It can be accomplished by utilizing the maximum potential of the area through increasing of the production and improving the quality of the product and the protection of the coastal environment.

Keywords: shelfish farming, mussel farming, mussel production, coastal aquaculture management

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PIII.3. ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO THE SEGMENTATION OF FISHING FLEETS

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PIII.3. ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO THE SEGMENTATION OF FISHING FLEETS

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Daniel Grigoraș*, Cătălin Păun

National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300, Mamaia Blvd., RO-900591, Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: dgrigoras@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The appropriate segmentation of fishing fleets is controversially discussed in fisheries research and management and a variety of approaches have been introduced. The present approach, developed in a pilot study funded by the European Commission - Data Collection Framework (DCF), introduces a standardized multivariate approach for characterizing fisheries fleet segments by hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HAC) of their catch composition. We selected data from 2021 of the Romanian fishing fleet as the basis of our analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using the program RStudio V3.6.1 by running the fleet segmentation package script. The specific indices, tests, and visual validation methods of the package were applied to determine the optimal number of clusters. The procedure was finalized by a post-hoc validation of the clustering result to identify the actual fleet segments. From the basic data, 6 fleet segments for vessels using active and passive gears (PMP) were highlighted, representing 52 boats, where it was noted that fishing for Rapa whelk (RPW) prevailed with 91.94% of the total catches on the segment, respectively 5 fleet segments for vessels using passive tools (PG) only for vessels <12m, representing 78 vessels where the main catches were recorded for European anchovy (ANE) 25.16%, turbot (TUR) 13.08%, horse mackerel (HMM) 8.75%, thus totalling 130 vessels from two classes of different gears. We detected mixed fishing, especially on various assemblages of demersal and pelagic fish, as well as target fishing on demersal and pelagic fish, Rapa whelk and mussels. For a better understanding of the approach, further research is needed.

Keywords: fishing fleet, segmentation, clustering, target fishing, mixed fishing

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Poster revised final Marblue Grigoras 2022

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PIII.4. STATUS OF THE RAPA WHELK AGGLOMERATIONS ALONG THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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PIII.4. STATUS OF THE RAPA WHELK AGGLOMERATIONS ALONG THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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George Țiganov*, Victor Niță, Valodia Maximov, Cristian Sorin Danilov, Cătălin Păun, Dragoș Diaconu, Daniel Grigoraș

National Institute of Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300 Mamaia Blvd., Constanta 900581, Romania

*Corresponding author: gtiganov@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The Black Sea Rapa whelk (Rapana venosa, Valenciennes, 1846) is, on one hand, a non-indigenous species harming Black Sea benthic ecosystem and on the other hand, since its ever-expanding stock found market in the Far East, one of the most profitable in the basin. For this reason, the GFCM Working Group on the Black Sea (WGBS) agreed on the fact that, despite the invasive nature of the species, its stock in the Black Sea should be exploited within biologically safe limits. In order to ensure implementation of the decision, the GFCM, at its 42nd annual session, adopted Recommendation GFCM/42/2018/9 on a regional research programme for rapa whelk fisheries in the Black Sea (geographical subarea 29). In order to cover the area of study in high percentage, a number of 51 stations were proposed for Romanian area, that were distributed evenly. The duration of one haul was 30 minutes and the hauls were performed at a constant depth and rectilinear in a big percentage, but to avoid tangles and gear destruction, some deviations have been made. Age composition in 2020 was formed by 3 to 12 years generations, highest percentages recorded for 6 and 7years classes, regarding 2021 age composition was composed by 3 to 11 years with highest numbers recorded for 5 and 6 years classes. Highest abundance and biomass values for rapa whelk in 2020 have been recorded in the north part of the Romanian coast in sectors Zaton, Sahalin, Sf. Gheorghe and Mila 9, for 2021 the same trend is observed.

Keywords: rapa whelk, biomass, age composition, strata

Acknowledgements: This research work is part from the project MTF /INT/943/MUL – Baby 31 ‘Select activities of the strategies towards the sustainability of fisheries and sustainable aquaculture development implemented in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea’- “Rapa Whelk research surveys in the coastal waters of Romania” with the support of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

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PIII.5. STUDY REGARDING THE SUPERIOR ECONOMIC VALORIZATION OF MUSSEL SHELLS FROM THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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PIII.5. STUDY REGARDING THE SUPERIOR ECONOMIC VALORIZATION OF MUSSEL SHELLS FROM THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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Daniela Mariana Roșioru*

National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300 Mamaia Blvd., Constanta 900581, Romania

*Corresponding author: drosioru@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. Shells of various mollusks such as mussels are quite available abundantly all around the world. Edible parts of mussels are few and thus large amounts of shells as waste material are produced from processing of seafood. The disposal of mussels waste led to serious environmental problems.

From the last decade, such recovery techniques have been developed and shells are currently used for various applications. Seashells are notable as natural source of calcium for food and other similar products. This kind of calcium carbonate from shells is completely organic and with possibility of using as alternative biomaterial. Calcium is a nutrient that is essential for many functions in human health.

In this study were used the shells of Mytillus galloprovincialis, the mussels from the Romanian Black Sea coast which can be superior economic valorized through biotechnological techniques.

The shells were processed in order to obtain calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and subsequently calcium chloride (CaCl₂), natural compounds with multiple practical applications in the pharmaceutical industry, medicine, agriculture, animal husbandry, environment, etc.

Calcium carbonate was obtained from mussel shells with a yield of 95.31%, and calcium chloride was obtained with a yield of 73.80% from CaCO₃, percentages that support the efficiency of the biotechnological processes for obtaining these products. Calcium carbonate as well as calcium chloride are quite used in the economy and can still represent safe sources of marine origin (mussel shells) that can cover the current demands of the domestic market.

Mussel shells from the Black Sea are a natural source of mineral substances that can be extracted using modern biotechnological processes that are inexpensive and do not affect the environment.

Keywords: shells, calcium carbonate, calcium chloride, Mytillus galloprovincialis, Black Sea coast

Acknowledgements: This research has been carried out with financial support from the NUCLEU programme (INTELMAR) funded by the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization the project no. PN 19260202.

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PIII.6. INTRODUCTION AND COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS IN WHITE CLAM FISHERY

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PIII.6. INTRODUCTION AND COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS IN WHITE CLAM FISHERY

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Nelko Yordanov ¹, Galin Nikolov 1*, Elitsa Petrova-Pavlova ²

¹ Trakia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria

² Institute of Fish Resources, Varna, Bulgaria

*Corresponding author: galin_goldfish@abv.bg

Abstract. White clams belong to a group of invertebrates called bivalved mollusks. Nowdays in Bulgarian coastline of Black Sea do not have a developed aquaculture and the white clamls are harvested by diffrent methods. Some of the fishing practices used can seriously damage habitats and directly affect other marine species. This study examines and compares the potential physical, chemical and biological impacts of different methods used in the white clam fishery. It was found strong mechanical impacts associated with mortality in epibenthic populations and changes in seafloor topography caused by trawling.

Keywords: Black Sea, hydraulic dredger, mechanical dredger, white clam

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PIII.7. GREEN MACROALGAE ULVA SP. AND CLADOPHORA SP. FROM BLACK SEA ROMANIAN COASTLINE AS A PROMISING SOURCE OF VALUABLE ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS: EXTRACTION AND VALORIZATION AS COSMECEUTICALS

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PIII.7. GREEN MACROALGAE ULVA SP. AND CLADOPHORA SP. FROM BLACK SEA ROMANIAN COASTLINE AS A PROMISING SOURCE OF VALUABLE ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS: EXTRACTION AND VALORIZATION AS COSMECEUTICALS

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Anca Cristina Lepădatu 1*, Ticuța Negreanu-Pîrjol ², Bogdan Negreanu-Pîrjol ²

¹ Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Ovidius University of Constanta,

1 University Alley, Campus, B Corpus, Constanta, Romania

2 Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius University of Constanta,

University Alley, Campus, C Corpus, Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: anca.c.lepadatu@gmail.com

Abstract. Due to the increase in the phenomenon of microbial resistance against classic antibiotics, in the last few decades attention focused on new natural antimicrobial compounds. Worldwide, marine algae are known to produce significant quantities of a wide variety of bioactive secondary metabolites, such as phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, fatty acids, proteins and peptides, terpenes, steroids, halogenated compounds, pigments, reported present in all plants, displaying antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral and antioxidant activity. The algae found in the Black Sea are essential resources for all border countries of the Black Sea, due to both ecological and economic impact. Published data are underlining as important local species such as green algae Clorophyta Ulva lactuca (L.) (Ulvophyceae) and Cladophora vagabunda (L.) Hoek (Ulvophyceae), brown algae Ochrophyta Cystoseira barbata (Stackhouse) C. Agardh (Phaeophyceae), and red algae Rhodophyta Ceramium rubrum C. Agardh (Florideophyceae) as sources for bioactive compounds.

This study presents the main antimicrobial potential of Clorophyta green macroalgae Ulva Lactuca (Linnaeus, 1753) and Cladophora vagabunda (Linnaeus-van den Hoek, 1963), their specific bioactive compounds and a green extraction technology to efficiently extract them, with emphasis on the antibacterial and antifungal data evaluated on two bacterial reference strains: gram negative Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and gram positive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and on Candida albicans fungal reference strain ATCC 900288. Antimicrobial activity of the active principles extracted from marine organisms has been tested for both crude extracts and pharmaceutical formulations prepared from the algae extracts in association with other substances of synthetic origin, in order to appreciate their efficiency in different preparations with topical application. The comparative study of the experimental variants of cosmetic gels was conducted to qualitatively highlight the influence of functional parameters (pharmaceutical formulation, concentration and volume of alcoholic plant extract used) on the antimicrobial activity of natural plant compounds, incorporated in gels, with dermato-cosmetic targeting.

Keywords: green macroalgae, antimicrobial activity, bioactive compounds, cosmeceuticals

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PIII.8. ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF THE NORTHWESTERN BLACK SEA REGION: BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE PROBLEM 

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PIII.8. ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF THE NORTHWESTERN BLACK SEA REGION: BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE PROBLEM 

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Tamerlan Safranov, Nikolai Berlinsky, Mariia Slizhe, Youssef El Hadri*

Odessa State Environmental University, 15 Lvivska Street, Odessa, 65016, Ukraine

*Corresponding author: magribinets@ukr.net

Abstract. Ecosystem services are resources and benefits that modern humanity can receive from the nature. It is the material benefit from abiogenic and biogenic components of various natural ecosystems. There were not large-scale studies according of evaluation ecosystem services in the Ukrainian water area of the Black Sea before.

The report presents the results of analysis of modern state of ecosystem services in the northwestern Black Sea region and perspectives of their using. During the preparing of the presentation published data had been used, as well as the materials of personal research on various aspects of the evaluation of ecosystem services of the Northwestern part of the Black Sea. Some types of anthropogenic activities have a very negative effect to the condition of natural ecosystems and to receive of their services. The ecosystems of the Northwestern part of the Black Sea are the living place of numerous organisms. Take into account of the limited information of the of ecosystem services under the Northwestern part of the Black Sea, the first task is to determine the needs of local populations for these services, collection and generalization of information about their condition, coordination of their assessment methods for the region and the evaluation itself.

Keywords: ecosystems, ecosystem services, Northwestern part of the Black Sea, Blue Growth Accelerator, sustainable development

Acknowledgements: This study is supported by ‘Developing Optimal and Open Research Support for the Black Sea (DOORS)’ project. The authors would like to thank to the European Research Executive Agency for providing financial support of this research under Grant 101000518.

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PIII.9. THE OFFSHORE WIND POWER POTENTIAL OF THE BLACK AND AZOV SEAS

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PIII.9. THE OFFSHORE WIND POWER POTENTIAL OF THE BLACK AND AZOV SEAS

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Mariia Slizhe, Nikolai Berlinsky, Youssef El Hadri*

Odessa State Environmental University, 15 Lvivska St., Odessa, 65016, Ukraine

*Corresponding author: magribinets@ukr.net

Abstract. Today, the renewable energy sector in Europe belongs to the established sectors of the economy and special attention is directed to the development of such areas of the Blue Economy as offshore wind energy.

The report presents the results of analysis of the distribution of wind power density in the Black and Azov Seas, as well as to identify areas with the most favorable conditions for the placement of offshore wind turbines. The assessment of the offshore wind power potential of the Black and Azov Seas is of considerable interest, in terms of, that the development of offshore wind energy could provide additional capacity to the energy system of Ukraine and other countries of the Black Sea region and strengthen the transition of their national energy complexes to renewable energy sources, which will help reduce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere and help to counteract climate change on the planet. Thus, according to the Global Wind Atlas, most of the Black and Azov Seas are characterized by significant wind resources. On the north-western shelf of the Black Sea, as well as throughout the entire water area of the Azov Sea, there are significant areas with depths of less than 50 m and a distance from the coast of not more than 200 km, suitable for placing both floating and fixed offshore wind turbines.

Keywords: offshore wind turbines, wind power density, Black Sea, Azov Sea, blue economy.

Acknowledgements: This study is supported by ‘Developing Optimal and Open Research Support for the Black Sea (DOORS)’ project. The authors would like to thank to the European Research Executive Agency for providing financial support of this research under Grant 101000518.

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PIII.10. ASPECTS REGARDING THE AGE READING OF MEDITERRANEAN HORSE MACKEREL AT THE ROMANIAN COAST

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PIII.10. ASPECTS REGARDING THE AGE READING OF MEDITERRANEAN HORSE MACKEREL AT THE ROMANIAN COAST

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Cătălin Păun 1*, Carmen Georgeta Nicolae 2*, Daniela Bănaru 3*

¹ National Institute of Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300, Mamaia Blvd., Constanta 900581, Romania

2 University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,

59 Mărăşti Boulevard, sector 1, Bucharest, Romania

3 Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, UM110, Aix-Marseille University, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, France

*Corresponding author: cpaun@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The species Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868), mediterranean horse mackerel, is significant for the commercial fishing sector in Romania.Information on the age of fish species significantly improves the quality of studies on population characteristics such as growth, recruitment, mortality and reproduction. Also, this information is at the basis of fisheries resource management strategies and stock assessment. The age for horse mackerel was estimated by analyzing otoliths from 1197 individuals. Statistical analyzes were performed using the program STATISTICA var. 12.7, important for determining the age differences of individuals, between sexes, stations, years and months. The individuals analyzed in the present study fell into the age range between 0+ and 5+ years old; only two specimens being identified over 5 years old. Most of the analyzed individuals were aged between 0+ and 2+ years old. The age of individuals varied between stations, years and months. It is well known that fish, in general, are species that can be highly influenced by environmental factors during their life cycle, so it is necessary to carry out more comparative studies in terms of age determination and environmental factors.

Keywords: age, otoliths, horse mackerel, environmental factors

Acknowledgements:This research work is part from the main author PhD thesis “The characterization of horse mackerel from the Black Sea coastal area” and was carried out with the support of University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest and the National Fishing Data Collection Program, National Institute of Marine Research and Development Grigore Antipa, Constanta.

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PIII.11. GREEN CHEMISTRY BASED ON PLANTS IN CRUDE OIL DECONTAMINATION OF MARINE ENVIRONMENTS

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PIII.11. GREEN CHEMISTRY BASED ON PLANTS IN CRUDE OIL DECONTAMINATION OF MARINE ENVIRONMENTS

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Miruna-Maria Apetroaei ¹, Manuela Rossemary Apetroaei 2*,

Verginica Schroder ³, Valeriu Iancu ³, Irina Mihaela Iancu ³

¹ University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Faculty of Pharmacy,

6, Traian Vuia Street, Bucharest, Romania

² Mircea cel Bătrân Naval Academy, Dept. of Naval and Port Engineering and Management, 1 Fulgerului street, Constanta, Romania

3 Ovidius University of Constanta, Faculty of Pharmacy, 6, Căpitan Aviator Al. Șerbănescu Street, Campus, C Building, Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: mrapetroaei@yahoo.com

Abstract: At present, oil pollution is the form of pollution that has the greatest impact on marine ecosystems. Any oil spill has the potential to pollute wide regions of water and destroy marine life and the ecosystem due to the chemical composition of oil. Because of their capacity to dissolve in water and bioaccumulate there, hydrocarbons contained in crude oil pose a threat to marine life. Particularly problematic are aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, and cycloalkanes, all of which have been shown to reduce water pH, inhibit photosynthesis in algae and phytoplankton, and enhance toxicity in the marine environment. To lessen these harmful effects on the marine ecology, efforts are being made to develop low-cost eco-friendly technologies and resources that can replace the present chemical cleaning processes. This is being done to mitigate these detrimental effects on the marine ecology. In order to reduce or eliminate the use of dangerous chemicals in a selection of decontamination procedures, this study intends to examine and emphasize the significance of creating and implementing alternative and revolutionary green chemistry research approaches.

Keywords: green chemistry, decontamination, eco-friendly technologies, marine environment

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PIII.12. POTENTIAL DECONTAMINATION ACTION OF AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENT BY USING BIOSORBENTS BASED ON PLANTS

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PIII.12. POTENTIAL DECONTAMINATION ACTION OF AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENT BY USING BIOSORBENTS BASED ON PLANTS

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Manuela-Rossemary Apetroaei 1*, Florin Marius Nicolae ¹, Dinu Atodiresei ², Alexandru Cotorcea ¹, Andrei Pocora ², Anca Mihalcea ¹, Irina Mihaela Iancu ³

¹ Mircea cel Bătrân Naval Academy, Dept. of Naval and Port Engineering and Management, 1 Fulgerului Street, Constanta, Romania

² Mircea cel Batran Naval Academy, Dept of Navigation and Naval Transport,

1 Fulgerului Street, Constanta, Romania

³ Ovidius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 6, Căpitan Aviator Al. Șerbănescu Street, Campus, C Building, Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: mrapetroaei@yahoo.com

Abstract: Nowadays, specialized studies release that marine pollution represents a major phenomenon with a severe impact to the environment, and maritime transport is associated with this. Among all forms of marine pollution, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) pollution is the most relevant form, that occurs both through operational and accidental pollution. As a result, it is necessary to find and develop new alternative technologies for the decontamination of oil and oil product pollutants, which can have a negative impact on human health and could produce significant harm to aquatic ecosystems.

A number of regulations, methods, and technologies have been developed to prevent contamination of the marine environment with these chemicals. They are designed to regulate the amount and types of pollution entering both fresh and marine waters, preventive measures, and actions aimed to annihilate the contaminations caused by oil spills.

This study will focus on the comparative research of the PAH sorption characteristics of Lythrum salicaria L., as a potential eco-friendly and low-cost sorbent material for petroleum products and a standardized material currently used successfully in the clean-up of petroleum products (Spill- Sorb), from the marine environment. In order to identify the appropriate biosorbent, the specific analyses for this type of testing were carried out for the powders derived from the aerial and root sections of Lythrum salicaria L. plant and were correlated with the type of crude oil and its physical-chemical properties.

Keywords: Lythrum s., biosorbent, PAH pollution

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PIII.13. EFFECTS OF SEAWEED (ULVA LACTUCA) SUPPLEMENTATION ON IMMUNITY, TOLERANCE TO STRESS AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT AQUACULTURE SPECIES 

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PIII.13. EFFECTS OF SEAWEED (ULVA LACTUCA) SUPPLEMENTATION ON IMMUNITY, TOLERANCE TO STRESS AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT AQUACULTURE SPECIES 

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Alina Nicoleta Macoveiu, Lorena Dediu*

Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering,

47 Domnească Street, RO-800008, Galati, Romania

*Corresponding author: lorena.dediu@ugal.ro

Abstract. The inclusion of various species of macroalgae in fish feed has proven to be a viable alternative for replacing plant protein from traditional agricultural crops. Moreover, numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effect of compounds extracted from algal biomass on fish immunity and resistance to stress induced by rearing conditions. Nevertheless, in terms of growth performance, studies show also conflicting results. In the present literature review we aimed to analyse the benefits of introducing macroalgae into fish feed and the drawbacks associated with different strategies of using this valuable aquatic resource in aquaculture technologies.

The Romanian coastline abounds in seaweeds that could be exploited. Among the green algae, Ulva lactuca is found in significant quantities in the Black Sea. Considering the composition and functional properties of this algae, their exploitation in aquaculture is opportune and sustainable in the context of negative climate change effect on accessibility for conventional plant protein.

Keywords: seaweed, aquafeed, aquaculture, functional ingredients

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PIII.14. BIOMECHANICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RAPANA VENOSA VALENCIENNES, 1846 (GASTROPODA, MOLLUSCA) EGG CAPSULES

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PIII.14. BIOMECHANICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RAPANA VENOSA VALENCIENNES, 1846 (GASTROPODA, MOLLUSCA) EGG CAPSULES

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Verginica Schröder ¹, Manuela Rossemary Apetroaei ², Nicolae Dobrin ³,  Constanta Stefanov ³, Ciprian-Valentin Mihali ⁴, Ileana Rău ⁵

1 Ovidius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 6, Căpitan Aviator Al. Șerbănescu Street, Campus, C Building,  Constanta, Romania

² Mircea cel Bătrân Naval Academy, Dept. of Naval and Port Engineering and Management, 1 Fulgerului street, Constanta, Romania

³ Electron Microscopy Department, Ovidius University, University Street No. 1,

Campus B, Constanta, Romania

4 Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, "Vasile Goldiș" Western University from Arad, Romania

⁴ University Politehnica of Bucharest, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Bucharest Romania

*Corresponding author: verginica.schroder@univ-ovidius.ro

Abstract. The structure of the R. venosa egg capsules that were analysed in this study at the microstructural level showed complexity in terms of the filament layout and the microfibrillar composition; furthermore, the presence of chitinous structures was confirmed. The specific properties (mechanical, chemical, antifouling and optical) could explain the reproductive efficiency and the spread of the species with remarkable adaptations of this organism.  Validation of the presence of a significant amount of chitosan in these capsules by analytical methods led to the conclusion that this structure may be correlated to the properties of this biopolymer. The evolutionary impact on the reproductive success and habitat expansion of many taxonomic groups.

The present study proposed to evaluate the biomechanical, biochemical   and physical-chemical characteristics of R. venosa egg capsules, starting from observations related to antifouling activity and mechanical resistance to currents in the mid-shore areas for the “in situ” capsules.

The observations were carried out by microscopic (optical, epifluorescence and SEM) investigations and UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy on eggs capsules of marine snail, Rapana venosa, collected from Romanian Black Sea waters. Moreover, the biodegradability of the capsular structure in different solutions (water, acid and alkaline solutions, the sediment, the bacterial load) was analyzed, through the simulation testing in the laboratory.

Keywords: biopolymer, chitosan, biodegradability, Rapana, antifouling

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by a grant of a Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, CNCS – UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-2020-2243.

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PIII.15. GENOTOXICITY PROFILE OF RECYCLE CHITOSAN FROM RAW WASTE OF ROMANIA COASTAL WATERS

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PIII.15. GENOTOXICITY PROFILE OF RECYCLE CHITOSAN FROM RAW WASTE OF ROMANIA COASTAL WATERS

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Verginica Schröder ¹, Miruna Maria Apetroaei ², Irina Mihaela Iancu ¹, Ileana Rău ³

1 Ovidius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 6, Căpitan Aviator Al. Șerbănescu street, Campus, C Building, Constanta, Romania

² University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Faculty of Pharmacy, 6, Traian Vuia street, Bucharest, Romania

3 University Politehnica of Bucharest, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Bucharest Romania

*Corresponding author: verginica.schroder@univ-ovidius.ro

Abstract. The great research interest on this oligomer results not only from its physical-chemical properties such as better water solubility and cationic nature at neutral pH, but also from its biological activities, e.g., anti-tumor, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial activity, biological recognition, and immune enhancing effects. These unique properties and activities continuously attract many research interests in drug, food, cosmetics, biomaterials, and tissue engineering fields. These oligomers with a chitosan-like structure, but with a linear disposition are also distinguished by the unique peculiarities from a biological point of view.

R. venosa oligochitosan with 1500-3000 Da molar weigh, 75% DDA was spectral identified by FT-IR and RX analyses and was compared with spectra of crustacean’s chitosan reference (Sigma Aldrich).

Our study aimed to identify how R. venosa oligochitosan induced DNA damage and activates the SOS repair system. Genotoxicity assay (GT assay) with Escherichia coli (SOS Chromotest) mutant stain PQ37, was tested. The oligochitosan samples were incubated in the presence of E. coli strains with various mutations present in a certain amino acid synthesising gene. Also, the oligochitosan and metabolic activation system usually rat liver S9 mix containing induced drug-metabolising enzymes was analysed. The enzymatic activation has been included for understanding mutagenic or potentially mutagen effects of oligochitosan metabolites resulting from interaction with to specific molecules from phase I and II of metabolism. Non-genotoxic effects were identified after enzymatic inductions.

Keywords: biopolymer, chitosan, biodegradability, Rapana, antifouling

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by a grant of a Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, CNCS – UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-2020-2243.

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PIII.16. IMPROVING GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF HIGH-VALUE FISH SPECIES BASED ON DIETS ENRICHED WITH SPIRULINA (ARTHOSPIRA PLATENSIS) CULTIVATED USING PHOTOBIOREACTORS 

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PIII.16. IMPROVING GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF HIGH-VALUE FISH SPECIES BASED ON DIETS ENRICHED WITH SPIRULINA (ARTHOSPIRA PLATENSIS) CULTIVATED USING PHOTOBIOREACTORS 

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Geanina Constandache 1,2*, Lorena Dediu ², Floricel Maricel Dima ¹, Neculai Patriche ¹

1 Institute of Research and Development for Aquatic Ecology, Fishing and Aquaculture, 54, Portului Street, Galati, Romania

2 Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Cross-Border Faculty of Humanities, Economics and Engineering, 47 Domneasca Street, Galati, Romania

*Corresponding author: geanina.culica@yahoo.com

Abstract. Based on the current research, spirulina could be used in the treatment of wastewater containing residues from fish farming activities due to its effectiveness in removing heavy metals and metabolizing excess feed present in the water stream. The high demand for proteins depletes the planet's resources, which is why we want a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative by replacing animal protein sources with plant ones. Bioactive components such as vitamins (especially vitamin A and B₁₂), minerals, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenes and other pigments that have antioxidant activity made spirulina suitable for use in fish feed.

Due to these qualities, spirulina can be used in fish farming to enhance growth, survival, immune response, disease resistance, improvement of meat quality, coloration and hematology of fish. On the other hand, spirulina proved suitable biofilter for aquaculture wastewater. This review highlights the advantages and drawbacks of integrating the treatment of aquaculture wastewater with production of high-quality Spirulina biomass that can be safely used for fish nutrition.

Keywords: sustainable aquaculture, fishfeed, photobioreactor, spirulina

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PIII.17. BIOPRODUCTS DERIVED FROM ALGAL SOURCES AND THEIR POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE

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PIII.17. BIOPRODUCTS DERIVED FROM ALGAL SOURCES AND THEIR POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE

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Marian Toader ¹, Nicoleta Radu 1*, Viviana Roman ², Marinela Bostan ², Lucia Pirvu ³, Verginica Schroder ⁴

1 University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest

59 Marasti Boulevard, District 1, Bucharest, Romania

² Center of Immunology Institute of Virology Stefan S. Nicolau,

285 Mihai Bravu Avenue, District 3, Bucharest, Romania

³ National Institute of Chemical Pharmaceutical R&D,

112 Calea Vitan, District 3, Bucharest Romania

⁴ OvidiusUniversity of Constanta, 1, Aleea Universitatii, Constanta Romania

*Corresponding author: nicoleta.radu@biotehnologii.usamv.ro

The Black Sea and other seas or oceans represent a huge resource of raw materials with potential applications in pharmacy. From this point of view, we chose four algal species, respectively: Cystoseira barbata, Undaria pinnatifida, Porphyra umbilicus, and Chlorella sp, from which we obtained 4 polysaccharidic extracts and four polyphenolic extracts, using the methodology described by Zaharie and collab [1]. All these crude extracts were used in studies regarding antimicrobial activity, using the Kirby Bauer methodology [2-3].  As target microorganisms, we used 8 standardized microbial strains respectively: Candida albicans ATTC 10231, Candida parpsilopsis ATTC 22019, Escherichia coli ATTC 11303, Serratia marcescens ATTC 14756, Salmonella enterica ATTC 51741, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATTC 13388, Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923 and Staphylococcus aureus MRSA ATTC 33592. The results obtained from these studies showed the following: 1). The polysaccharides crude extracts do not exhibit antimicrobial activity. 2). The polyphenolic crude extracts show moderate antimicrobial effect against fungi such as Candida albicans (for which are obtained inhibition diameters of (10.5÷17) mm), and Candida parapsilopsis (inhibition diameters of (7÷15.3) mm). The same polyphenolic extracts exhibit moderate antimicrobial activities against enterobacteria such as Salmonella enterica (inhibition diameters of (6.5÷15.2) mm), Serratia marcescens (for which are obtained inhibition diameters of 14÷18 mm), and Escherichia coli (inhibition diameters of (7÷15.3) mm). Moderate antimicrobial activities were obtained for polyphenolic crude extracts against pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (for which are obtained inhibition diameters of 9-16 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (inhibition diameters of (12.93÷16.63) mm), and Staphylococcus aureus MRSA (inhibition diameters of (9.8÷10) mm).  In conclusion, the polyphenolic extracts from the studied algal strains can represent a valuable source for developing o new bioproducts with antimicrobial activity, in special for pathogenic microorganisms that exhibit antibiotic resistance.

Keywords: algae bioproduct, antimicrobial activity, medicine applications

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Session IV: Observing the Black Sea, Moderator - GeoEcoMar

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Session IV: Observing the Black Sea, Moderator - GeoEcoMar

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A crucial element of the Black Sea restoration and rehabilitation initiatives is the implementation of a continuous monitoring and operational observing system in the Black Sea. Regular observations in the Black Sea basin started in the past century and quite a good multidisciplinary observing system operated in the 1970–1980s, mainly based on ship observations. Since then, many projects and initiatives have dealt with technological opportunities for improving both satellite and in situ infrastructures, able to support the R&D activities such as the modeling and assimilation capabilities, validation and verification of modeling and satellite products, real time monitoring, estimation of quality of physical variables, etc.
This session aims to increase the awareness of the importance of observation capacities in the Black Sea and highlight the progress made so far.

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PIV.1. RIP CURRENTS DYNAMICS ON THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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PIV.1. RIP CURRENTS DYNAMICS ON THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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Florin Tătui 1,2,3*, Florin Zăinescu 2,3,4, Florin Miron ¹,

Alfred Vespremeanu-Stroe 1,2,3, Răzvan Mateescu ⁵

1 University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geography, Bucharest, Romania

² Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), Bucharest, Romania

³ Sfantu Gheorghe Marine and Fluvial Research Station,

University of Bucharest, Romania

⁴ Institut Terre Environnement Strasbourg (ITES), UMR 7063,

CNRS, Strasbourg, France

5 National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300, Mamaia Blvd, Constanta 900581, Romania

*Corresponding author: florin.tatui@geo.unibuc.ro

Abstract. Rip currents are a relatively narrow and concentrated seaward-directed water flow, extending from the shoreline through the surf zone, occurring on many wave-exposed coasts worldwide. They are variable in space and time due to changes in incident wave conditions and nearshore morphology, often threatening the safety of the beach, beachgoers, or the infrastructure.

Despite the low to moderate wave energy environment, the Southern Romanian Black Sea coast is characterised by a relatively high potential of rip currents formation due to the rapid hydrodynamical and morphological change (minutes to months) of the beach state and the very low public’s awareness related to rip currents associated dangers.

The rip currents spatial distribution reveals that more than 50% of the Romanian touristic beaches are affected by various types of rip currents (the dominant one being channel rip currents), especially on beaches with 3D sandbar morphology. The most affected sector is the Eforie Nord beach, with the highest rip currents frequency associated with the largest number of deaths and rescues during the summer season each year. Two field experiments during low-energy wave conditions in October 2021 and May 2022 highlighted the circulation patterns and dynamics of these rip currents. Drifters and ecological dye deployments, complemented by UAV surveys and video camera footage, revealed both ‘circulatory flow’ and ‘exit flow’ circulation regimes, with alongshore feeding channels developing between adjacent rips. The average surface velocities registered during drifters’ deployments ranged between 0.34 and 0.43 m/s, with maximum instantaneous values exceeding 1 m/s. These circulatory patterns and surface flows were then successfully reproduced for similar hydrodynamic conditions by employing a modelling framework (Delft3D) for this area.

We hope that our results will raise the public’s awareness of rip currents and their related hazards on the Romanian Black Sea coast to reduce beach management and lifeguarding costs, risks to public health and safety and losses of human lives.

Keywords: offshore flow, nearshore circulation, sandbars, wave breaking, beach hazard

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, CNCS - UEFISCDI, awarded to F.T., project number PN-III-P1-1.1-TE-2019-1444, within PNCDI III, project title „Rip currents hazard on the Romanian Black Sea beaches: Need for action!” (RORIP) – https://ro-rip.unibuc.ro/.

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PIV.2. YOUR DATA WORK AT EMODnet-INGESTION.EU

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PIV.2. YOUR DATA WORK AT EMODnet-INGESTION.EU

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Marianne Schlesser 1*, Luminița Buga ², Asen Stefanov ³,

Kakhaber Bilashvili ⁴, Sissy Iona ⁵, Dick Schaap ⁶

1 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural sciences, Belgian Marine Data Center,

29 Vautierstraat, 1000 Brussel, Belgium

2 National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300 Mamaia Blvd., 900581 Constanta, Romania

3 Institute of oceanology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,

40 Parvi May Str., 9000 Varna, Bulgaria

⁴ Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University,

1 I. Chavchavadze Ave., 0128, Tbilisi, Georgia

5 Hellenic Centre for Marine Research-HCMR, Institute of Oceanography,

P.O. Box 712, 190 13 Anavyssos, Greece

6 MARIS, Gildeweg 7 A, 2632 BD Nootdorp, Netherlands

*Corresponding author: bmdc@naturalsciences.be

Abstract. In four years, EMODnet’s Data Ingestion Portal published over 1000 new datasets from over 180 data submitters from scientists, blue economy businesses, governments, and NGOs. Marine data ingestion has never been easier!  But what becomes of this data? This poster shows country cases collected by the EMODnet Ingestion roaring factory.

This poster gives an overview of success stories in ingesting available marine data in Europe and dives a little deeper into three cases from countries bordering the Black Sea: Bulgaria, Romania and Georgia. Who knows, you could be our next success in waking up historical and new marine datasets?

Discover how old and recent data, even near real-time data, from various sectors strengthen Europe's marine open data network. With the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development already upon us all eyes are on the data. More data for accurate science, smarter engineering and durable policy making. More data for a resilient ocean. Take part in our success story. Join the EMODNET community, and make your data work harder, for more impact at EMODNET-INGESTION.EU.

Keywords: EMODnet, data sharing, partnership, success stories, Blue Growth

Acknowledgements: The European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) is financed by the European Union under Regulation (EU) 2021/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2021 establishing the European Maritime, Fisheries and Aquaculture Fund and its predecessor, Regulation (EU) No. 508/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 on the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund.

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MSchlesser et al_YDWI-POSTER2_MARBLUE 2022 v2

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PIV.3. WAKE UP, SAFEGUARD AND SHARE YOUR MARINE DATA WITH EMODnet-INGESTION.EU

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PIV.3. WAKE UP, SAFEGUARD AND SHARE YOUR MARINE DATA WITH EMODnet-INGESTION.EU

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Marianne Schlesser ¹, Dick Schaap 2*, Sissy Iona ³

1 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural sciences - RBINS, Belgian Marine Data Center, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussel, Belgium

2 MARIS, Gildeweg 7 A, 2632 BD Nootdorp, Netherlands

3 Hellenic Centre for Marine Research - HCMR, Institute of Oceanography,

P.O. Box 712, 190 13 Anavyssos, Greece

*Corresponding author: dick@maris.nl

Abstract. Wake up your marine data! Set them free for blue society.

Research institutes, academic institutions, university departments and, more generally, any organisation heavily involved in promoting, supporting, and enabling research producing activities in the Blue Growth sector, play an essential role in the marine and maritime ecosystem. They are also key users and data providers of EMODnet, together with the industry. Potential data providers outside the network are supported by partners to release their datasets for safekeeping and further processing, publishing as open data and contributing to applications for society. The EMODnet Data Ingestion partners are national and regional marine and oceanographic data repositories and data management experts.

In the life cycle of a data submission, we make a distinction between 2 phases:

·           Phase I - from submission to publishing of the submitted datasets package "as is”.

·           Phase II - further elaboration of the datasets and integration (of subsets) in national, European and EMODnet thematic portals. This split allows the publishing, in an early stage, of the original data package with high quality metadata. If you want to know more on the EMODnet Ingestion process, have a look at the movie “Wake up your data” (3’30” on YouTube).

Successful operation! So far, the work of EMODnet has resulted in many submissions and use cases, such as for monitoring data from offshore renewable energy projects or minting DOIs for research data to support data citing for data submitters. Please, also have a look at the Use Cases webpage to see how other organisations have benefited from EMODnet’ services and products. Contact us at EMODnet-Ingestion.EU

Keywords: Open data, FAIR data, data mobilisation, Blue Growth

Acknowledgements: The European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) is financed by the European Union under Regulation (EU) 2021/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2021 establishing the European Maritime, Fisheries and Aquaculture Fund and its predecessor, Regulation (EU) No. 508/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 on the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund.

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MSchlesser et al_WUYD_poster1_MARBLUE 2022 FIN

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PIV.4. QUIETSEAS - ASSISTING (SUB)REGIONAL COOPERATION FOR THE PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MSFD SECOND CYCLE BY PROVIDING METHODS AND TOOLS FOR D11 (UNDERWATER NOISE)

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PIV.4. QUIETSEAS - ASSISTING (SUB)REGIONAL COOPERATION FOR THE PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MSFD SECOND CYCLE BY PROVIDING METHODS AND TOOLS FOR D11 (UNDERWATER NOISE)

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Noelia Ortega ¹, María Bernabé ¹, Tania Vera ¹, Susana Salvador ², Maÿlis Salivas ², , Marina Argyrou ³, Lavrendios Vasiliades ³, Konstantinos Antoniadis ³, Andreja Popit ⁴, Aristides Prospathopoulos ⁵, Paraskevi Drakopoulou ⁵, Dimitris Kassis ⁵, Foteini Panagiotidou ⁵, , Arianna Azzelino ⁶, Veronica Frassà ⁶, Lobna BEN NAKHLA ⁷, Marwan Abderrahim ⁷, Carlos Pinto ⁸, Neil Holdsworth ⁸, Lise Cronne ⁸, Maria - Emanuela Mihailov 9*, Petrica POPOV ⁹, Nicolae VATU ⁹, Laura Ceyrac ¹⁰, Benjamin Ollivier ¹⁰, Myriam Lajaunie ¹⁰, David Dellong ¹⁰, Michael Taroudakis ¹¹, Alessio Maglio ¹²

¹ Centro Tecnológico Naval y del Mar, Ctra. El Estrecho-Lobosillo

Km2, Fuente Álamo, Murcia Region, Spain

² Permanent Secretariat of the Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans of the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Area,

Jardin de l'UNESCO, Les Terrasses de Fontvieille, Monaco

³ Department of Fisheries and Marine Research,

101 Vithleem Street, Nicosia, Cyprus

⁴ Inštitut za vode Republike Slovenije/Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia, Einspielerjeva 6, Ljubljana, Slovenia

⁵ Hellenic Centre for Marine Research,

46.7Km Athinon-Souniou Avenue, Anavyssos, Greece

⁶ Politecnico di Milano-Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, Italy

⁷ Specially Protected Areas Regional Activity Centre,

Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat, Tunis, Tunisia

⁸ International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, H.C. Andersens Boulevard 44-46, Copenhagen V, Denmark

⁹ Maritime Hydrographic Directorate “Comandor Alexandru Catuneanu”, Fulgerului Street no. 1, Constanta, Romania

¹⁰ Service hydrographique et océanographique de la marine,

13 rue du Chatellier, Brest, France

¹¹ Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Ν. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion, Crete

¹² SINAY, 14 rue Alfred Kastler, 14000 Caen

*Corresponding author: emanuela.mihailov@dhmfn.ro

Abstract. QUIETSEAS, a project funded by the DG Environment of the European Commission within the call “DG ENV/MSFD 2020” Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), aims to support Member States (MS) Competent Authorities for the practical development of the MSFD through assisting (sub) regional cooperation by providing methods and tools for underwater noise (D11) assessment and management. Built on the work developed by the QUIETMED (2017-2019) and QUIETMED2 (2019-2021) projects, QUIETSEAS (2021-2023) main objectives are oriented to enable progress towards the risk of impact assessment of underwater noise on biodiversity and facilitate the implementation of coordinated mitigation measures in order to attain the Good Environmental Status (GES). Practical outcomes will be produced by providing guidance for GES assessment through i) identifying specific impact indicators (for sensitive species-marine mammals) and enabling anthropogenic continuous sound risk-based assessment, ii) providing common methodologies to facilitate the implementation of assessment frameworks and setting threshold values for continuous sound and iii) delivering tools for effective risk-based management of anthropogenic impulsive (D11C1) and continuous sound (D11C2).

Under a wide scope, the QUIETSEAS project will consider particularities for the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea regions, continuing the cooperation already established, not only at the EU regional and subregional level but also with the participation of non-European Countries in the context of the Barcelona Convention. Furthermore, the QUIETSEAS project aims to boost this cooperation by iv) assessing the effectiveness of potential coordinated measures to reduce the pressure caused by maritime traffic and v) building capacities to ensure knowledge transfer.

Keywords: Underwater noise, Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), GES, D11, continuous sound

Acknowledgements: This study was funded by Assisting (sub) regional cooperation for the practical implementation of the MSFD second cycle by providing methods and tools for D11 (underwater noise) „QUIETSEAS” Project, Contract DG Environment No. 110661/2020/839603/SUB/ENV.C.2.

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PIV.5. MARINE FRONTS DETECTION IN THE WESTERN BLACK SEA BASED ON EARTH OBSERVATION DATA

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PIV.5. MARINE FRONTS DETECTION IN THE WESTERN BLACK SEA BASED ON EARTH OBSERVATION DATA

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Florin Miron, Ioan-Daniel Şerban, Sorin Constantin*

Terrasigna, 3 Logofat Luca Stroici Street, 020581 Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: sorin.constantin@terrasigna.com

Abstract. Mapping and characterization of marine fronts are essential aspects of physical oceanography due to their significant impact on local dynamics, ecology, and climate. Also, these areas are generally associated with increased production through multiple trophic levels, thus are essential for fisheries management. Better detection and (potential) prediction of marine fronts can lead to proper implementation of sustainable growth initiatives in the Black Sea. We present our first analyses concerning fronts identification, using Earth Observation data. The work was performed using two types of satellite derived products: Chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST). Therefore, the detected marine fronts have a dual nature: thermal and primary production driven. The study area covers the Western Black Sea basin. Daily products delivered by the Copernicus Marine Service (CMEMS), at 1 km spatial resolution, are used. These are Level 3 datasets, based entirely on observations. Thus, no gap-filled or modelled data are involved. In terms of methodology, a filter-based algorithm was chosen. It implies the use of a contextual median filter followed by a Sobel edge detection pass. The results are then post-processed in order to derive meaningful information concerning the dynamics of the identified marine fronts.

Keywords: marine fronts, contextual median filter, edge detection, satellite, Copernicus Marine Service

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PIV.6. CERTO PROJECT COPERNICUS EVOLUTION: RESEARCH FOR HARMONIZED TRANSITIONAL WATER OBSERVATION. PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM THE DANUBE DELTA AND THE NW BLACK SEA AREA 

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PIV.6. CERTO PROJECT COPERNICUS EVOLUTION: RESEARCH FOR HARMONIZED TRANSITIONAL WATER OBSERVATION. PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM THE DANUBE DELTA AND THE NW BLACK SEA AREA 

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Adriana-Maria Constantinescu 1*, Liz Atwood ², Stefan Simis ², Adrian Stănică ¹, Andrew Tyler ³, Evangelos Spyrakos ³, Thomas Jackson ², Ana Brito ⁴, Steve Groom ², Adrian Gherghe ¹, Naliana Lupașcu ¹, Cristian Teodoru ¹, Albert Scrieciu ¹, Daniela Florea ¹, Dan Vasiliu ¹, Gabriela Vlad ¹

¹ National Institute for Research and Development on Marine Geology and Geoecology-GeoEcoMar, 024053 Bucharest, Romania

² Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, United Kingdom

³ Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, United Kingdom

⁴ Associação para a Investigação e Desenvolvimento de Ciências, Portugal

*Corresponding author: adriana.c@geoecomar.ro

Abstract. Transitional waters – estuaries, lagoons, coastal seas, are key areas for economic activities, recreation and geo and biodiversity. Water quality is one of the main problems affecting these areas, and is the focus of scientists, administrators, and policy makers.

The H2020 CERTO - COPERNICUS EVOLUTION: RESEARCH FOR HARMONIZED TRANSITIONAL WATER OBSERVATION project aims to address the lack of harmonization of water quality related products for transitional environments, using data split across three services - Copernicus Marine, Copernicus Climate Change and Copernicus Land. The details of the products and service will be defined in close cooperation with the end-users in six regional case studies, one of them being located in the Danube Delta and NW Black Sea.

An extensive work of measuring surface water physical-chemical parameters, above water reflectance and water sampling for chlorophyll-a and total suspended matter was done in the Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon System, the large lakes of the delta and its main channels, the Musura and Sahalin Lagoons and the discharge areas of both Sulina and Sfântu Gheorghe channels. This data covers a gap of in-situ data for this area and will contribute to improving algorithms for water quality parameters.

Based on the Copernicus data provided by satellite mission Sentinel 2 and Sentinel 3, an optical water type (OWT) characterization has been done for the entire area. The preliminary results show a very good match between the different OWT and the different controls of water surface turbidity (hydrology, morphology and seasonality) in lakes, lagoons and the coastal area of the Danube Delta.

Several surface water quality indicators were developed, in collaboration with stakeholders, which will be tested in real life situations. These comprise chlorophyll-a statistics and turbidity and phenology indicators.

They will be used to assess water quality distribution and complexity in the area, as well as the effects of changing climate and hydrology, sediment input and local anthropic impacts.

Keywords: Copernicus, satellite, water quality, clorophyll-a, turbidity

Acknowledgements: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 870349.

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PIV.7. BLACK SEA IN THE CONTEXT OF EMODNET CHEMISTRY

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PIV.7. BLACK SEA IN THE CONTEXT OF EMODNET CHEMISTRY

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Luminița Buga 1*, Alessandra Giorgeti ², Dick Schaap ³, George Sârbu ¹

¹ National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300, Mamaia Blvd., 900581 Constanta, Romania

2 Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale – Borgo

Grotta Gigante, 42/C – 34010 Sgonico (TS), Italy

³ MARIS, Gildeweg 7 A, 2632 BD Nootdorp, Netherlands

*Corresponding author: lbuga@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The European Marine Observation and Data network (EMODnet)  Chemistry (https://www.emodnet-chemistry.eu/) is the long-term initiative from DG MARE aiming to assemble fragmented marine chemical data into interoperable and publicly available data streams for complete maritime basins, to assess data quality according to common and standardized protocols and to generate suitable data products in agreement with the requests from the MSFD addressing four of the descriptors: 5 (eutrophication), 8 (chemical pollution), 9 (contaminants in seafood), and 10 (marine litter).

The project, which is in its fifth phase, started in 2009, is built upon 48 connected marine research and monitoring institutes, and oceanographic data management experts from 32 countries and 5 International organizations (the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and the Regional Sea Conventions) from EU and not EU countries acting either as Data Centers, to provide data collections for the European  seas,  or  as  specific  experts, to further develop and  expand  the distributed infrastructure, the data analyses and validation and the creation of data products.

Black Sea is one of the six European regional seas providing data and metadata to the EMODnet Chemistry. The EMODnet Chemistry portal gives free and open access to aggregated, standardized, validated Black Sea data and data products made available as regional and global data collections for eutrophication, acidity, contaminants, and marine litter.

Keywords: EMODnet, Black Sea, eutrophication, contaminants, marine litter

Acknowledgements: EMODnet Chemistry is supported by the European Union under the service contract no. EASME/EMFF/2020/3.1.11/Lot 5/SI2.846161. Authors acknowledge the contribution of the EMODnet Chemistry partners involved in the technical infra-structure development, in marine chemical data gathering, harmonisation, standardisation and quality control, and in data products preparation, as well as all Black Sea partners.

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Poster EMODnet_BlackSea_MARBLUE 2022_LBuga et al

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PIV.8. USE OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE METHODS FOR THE CO-CREATION OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT BLACK SEA

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PIV.8. USE OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE METHODS FOR THE CO-CREATION OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT BLACK SEA

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Cristina (Nenciu) Posner

Milton Keynes City Council, Civic Offices,

1 Saxon Gate East, Milton Keynes, MK9 3EJ

Correponding author: Cristina.posner@milton-keynes.gov.uk; posnercristina@gmail.com

Abstract: The aim of this poster is to explore and present the advantages of using both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, applicable in geographical and geological studies. A focus is given to the hydrological and hydrogeological quantitative and qualitative methods. The author uses this opportunity to revisit the participatory research methods she used during her PhD study on Danube River. Her intention is to use these methods in a study on hydrology and housing concerning the Black Sea coastal zone. This is having a reference to the methods used by local authorities such as Milton Keynes City Council in Thames River watershed area, which can be adapted in a community such as Murighiol, Tulcea, Romania. The international agenda is currently focusing on science dissemination to the masses and nature observations by non-scientists and participatory GIS are very important methods which can be used by non-academia for the co-creation of knowledge and information about the Black Sea coast.

Keywords: academic/non-academic hydrological information, PGIS

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Session V: Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP), Coastal Management and Ocean Literacy, Moderator - UOC

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Session V: Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP), Coastal Management and Ocean Literacy, Moderator - UOC

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The development of coastal areas and maritime space is a priority in the European Union together with its Green Deal and sustainable blue economy aims. In the global context of resource depletion, climate change and biodiversity loss, the sustainable use of marine resources is a key issue in the framework of important regulations to be adopted through maritime spatial planning and coastal management processes.
This session aims to emphasize sustainable blue economy policies and actions as a society response to current challenges in the Black Sea basin while building a collaborative long-term and integrated strategy of maritime space and coastal areas development, based on the transfer of knowledge and innovation.
Ocean Literacy represents the understanding of the ocean’s influence on us and our influence on the ocean, as well as the importance of the ocean to humankind, communication about the ocean in a meaningful way and responsibility about decisions regarding the ocean and its resources. Moreover, ocean literacy is not just educating or informing the public and the marine and maritime stakeholders about the importance of oceans - ocean literacy aims at facilitating the creation of an ocean literate society.
This session aims to raise the awareness on the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of the Black Sea and its resources and to build an improved public knowledge base across the world’s population regarding our global ocean.

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PV.1. BLUE ECONOMY AND BIODIVERSITY – ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST AREA

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PV.1. BLUE ECONOMY AND BIODIVERSITY – ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST AREA

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Marius Skolka*, Marian Tudor

Ovidius University of Constanta, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences,

1, Aleea Universităţii, corp B, Constanta 900470, Romania

*Corresponding author: mskolka@gmail.com

Abstract. The blue economy is based, among others, on the principles of sustainable development, and an important pillar in this sense is represented by the conservation of biodiversity. In the particular case of the Romanian coast of the Black Sea, the existence of marine protected areas and a biosphere reserve that also includes a marine part implies a series of aspects that must be taken into account in any type of development of coastal areas. The presence of Natura 2000 protected areas imposes restrictions on certain types of economic or social activities, and these are not always understood or respected by decision-makers in coastal areas. The examples are diverse, from the disorganized tourism carried out on the wild beaches of the northern paret of the littoral area to the location of industrial-type objectives in the immediate vicinity or inside protected areas. A coastal development based on Blue Growth principles must include and take into account the biodiversity aspects of coastal areas and these areas must be included in the diferent types of development in a way that does not affect the integrity of protected species or habitats.

Keywords: biodiversity, sustainability, blue economy

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Blue economy and biodiversity Romanian Black Sea Coast Area_MARBLUE 2022 (1)

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PV.2. USING OF SPATIAL ANALYSIS TOOLS TO ASSESS THE HUMAN INDUCED PRESSURES AND VULNERABILITIES OF COASTAL AND MARINE ENVIROMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF MARITIME SPATIAL PLANNING AND COASTAL MANAGEMENT 

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PV.2. USING OF SPATIAL ANALYSIS TOOLS TO ASSESS THE HUMAN INDUCED PRESSURES AND VULNERABILITIES OF COASTAL AND MARINE ENVIROMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF MARITIME SPATIAL PLANNING AND COASTAL MANAGEMENT 

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Alina Spînu, Luminița Lazăr*, Valentina Coatu, Andra Oroș,

Laura Boicenco, Silică Petrișoaia, Dragoș Niculescu

National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300, Mamaia Blvd., Constanta 900581, Romania

*Corresponding author: llazar@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The „vulnerability” is a concept that spatially identifies the ecosystem and socio-economic components that are susceptible to disturbances associated with natural and anthropogenic risks. By overlaying spatial information representing biotic characteristics (habitats or species) and socio-economic uses, we can identify the spatial distribution of marine ecosystem vulnerabilities.

Knowing the vulnerability of ecosystem components to human pressures is essential for the spatial planning of the maritime and coastal space. Assessing the condition of any ecosystem component in relation to a stressor includes sizing the impact in terms of spatial extent.

For the present paper, 2 spatial analysis tools were used:

- "Coastal Vulnerability Index” for assessing the vulnerability of the coastal zone to natural risks (erosion/sea level rise/flooding) (Gornitz et al., 1991).

- "Human impact index" which evaluates where human stressors overlap spatially with ecosystem types or important species that are sensitive to these stressors.

Both models represent useful tools for the decision-making process in the planning and management of the marine and coastal zone.

Keywords: vulnerability, human pressures, coastal vulnerability, spatial analysis

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PV.3. WIND ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABILITY WITHIN EUROPEAN UNION GREEN POLICY: THE CASE OF GREECE

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PV.3. WIND ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABILITY WITHIN EUROPEAN UNION GREEN POLICY: THE CASE OF GREECE

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Zacharoula Andreopoulou ¹, Christiana Koliouska*¹, Nikolaos Morfopoulos ²

¹ Department of Forestry and Natural Environment

² B.Sc. Chemical engineer, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,

P.O. Box 247, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece

*Corresponding author: ckolious@for.auth.gr

Abstract. Lately, Renewable Energy Resources (RES) are used in the strategy for sustainability, and environmental protection, as in the roadmap for a Green Europe by the year 2050, various green technologies with focus on RES are incorporated.  Green policy in EU aims to long- and short-term goals in energy sustainability strategy, since Eu imports a high percentage of energy sources, approximately the 53,2% of the energy consumed. Renewable energy sources are commonly used in SDGs application and in green policies since Europe 2020 project, aiming to support electricity production especially within the current crisis. Wind energy, constitutes a popular type of RES, conducted by technologies to achieve maximum efficiency and energy sustainability.  In 2021, 236 GW of wind power capacity are currently installed in Europe and 12% of this figure is offshore. It is important that 64% of all wind power capacity in Europe is spread across five countries: Germany (64 GW), Spain (28 GW), the UK (27 GW), France (19 GW), and Sweden (12 GW). In 2021, new wind installations in Europe amounted to just 17.4 GW, from which 14 GW onshore and 3.4 GW offshore. It is expected for EU to install 116 GW of new wind farms over the period 2022-2026.

Especially in Greece, despite the potential for wind energy applications that is high in many locations, the share of wind in the percentage of the average annual electricity demand covered by wind in 2021 was 18% while EUs average is 14%. Greece has 4.5 GW of wind energy installed today, all onshore. There are already many projects in Greece in wind energy industry although there are also problems being recognized.

Keywords: wind energy, RES, energy sustainability, wind technologies, green policy, european policy

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PV.4. MANAGING COASTAL PROTECTION THROUGH MULTI-SCALE GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES IN ROMANIA

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PV.4. MANAGING COASTAL PROTECTION THROUGH MULTI-SCALE GOVERNANCE STRUCTURES IN ROMANIA

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Natașa Văidianu 1,2*, Florin Tătui 3,4, Mădălina Ristea ², Adrian Stănică ⁵

¹ Faculty of Natural Sciences and Agricultural Sciences, Ovidius University of Constanța, 1 Aleea Universității, Constanța, Romania

2 Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Research on Territorial Dynamics (CICADIT), University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd, Romania

³ Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, 1 Nicolae Bălcescu Blvd., Romania

⁴ Sfantu Gheorghe Marine and Fluvial Research Station and Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 90 Panduri Street, Bucharest, Romania

⁵ National Institute for Research and Development of Marine Geology and Geoecology (GeoEcoMar), 23-25 Dimitrie Onciul Street, Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: natasa.vaidianu@univ-ovidius.ro

Abstract. The last half century, human interventions on the Romanian Black Sea coast have abruptly changed the natural trends of coastal evolution, increasing erosion rates on many coastal sectors and transforming the natural landscape with major impact on coastal ecosystems. This required decision makers to develop effective coastal and marine conservation regulations and programs. This paper uses Evolutionary Governance Theory (EGT) as a conceptual framework to examine the currently emerging governance issues, due to the growing pressure from increasingly diverse human activities coupled with climate change impacts that threaten the functional integrity of the coastal ecosystems. A proper evaluation and understanding of the policy framework helped us to identify the prerequisites for participative management. Results indicate that the legislation is sectorial, the competences are overlapping and the responsibilities are scattered. The analysis shows that policies related to governance of coastal and marine resources are not well synchronized and they signal an important gap in policy. Input from stakeholders helps us to understand some of the failures that are not present in the literature, since most of them occur at the local level. This work was funded by the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNCS-UEFISCDI [PN-II-RU-TE-2014-4-2479, 2015 and PNIII- P1-1.1-TE-2016-2491, 2018] and supported by Era.Net Rus-Plus BS STEMA [42, 2016]. NV was also supported by the Scoping Mission on Feasibility of a Project on Integrated Maritime Policy in the Black Sea [C15047/AV/NV/2014-358/COM 2011 Lot 01/Black Sea, 2015]. AS was supported by two grants of the Ministry of Research and Innovation [PN 16450103 and 18160103].

Keywords: Integrated Coastal Zone Management, Actors, Regulations, Land-sea interactions, Black Sea

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PV.5. SUSTAINABILITY OF THE SURVEYING & MARITIME INTERNET OF THINGS EDUCATION (SMARTSEA) PROJECT

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PV.5. SUSTAINABILITY OF THE SURVEYING & MARITIME INTERNET OF THINGS EDUCATION (SMARTSEA) PROJECT

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Mariana Golumbeanu, Ana C. Serafia

National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”,

300 Mamaia Blvd, 900581, Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: aserafia@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. The Internet of Things (IoT) technology has advanced rapidly over the past five years, finding applications in several sectors. Large shipping industries are already investing in IoT techniques to optimize transparency, safety and reduce costs. However, there is a global shortage of trained engineers and technicians to handle this new technology safely.

As a unique European pilot-project funded by the European Union’s Erasmus+ Programme Knowledge Alliances, SMARTSEA (2019-2022) aimed to develop an advanced interactive certified MSc course related to Maritime & Surveyor IoT applications that will train individuals with the necessary skills & knowledge to work in the rising “Smart Maritime & Surveying” industry.

The SMARTSEA curriculum is innovative also in the fact that it comprises interactive teaching methods & partnerships with expert academic & maritime organizations to provide to the students a solid background for starting a fruitful career in the industry. The course duration is eight months, plus three mobility periods; two of them to participate in large-scale laboratories, and a 1-month industrial placement.

A key factor for success is to ensure that the results and achievements of the project are made widely available to its target audience comprised of students, industrial partners, academic & market business role and scientific community. In order to reach its target audiences according to its expected impacts, an effective communication strategy it was developed, based on project-specific dissemination and communication activities.

This approach will provide an overview of the resources needed to accomplish the exploitation and dissemination objectives throughout the project lifecycle, while creating guidelines for future development and exploitation.

Keywords: MSc course, Smart Maritime & Surveying, project lifecycle, exploitation

Acknowledgement: The project has received funding from the European Union’s Erasmus+ Programme: Knowledge Alliances call under grant agreement No 612198-EPP-1- 2019-1- ES-EPPKA2-KA.

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PV.6. BEACH MARINE LITTER QUANTIFICATION AND DISTRIBUTION AT THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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PV.6. BEACH MARINE LITTER QUANTIFICATION AND DISTRIBUTION AT THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST

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Angelica Paiu*, Marian Romulus Paiu, Costin Timofte, Anca Maria Gheorghe, Andreea Ștefania Ionașcu, Lavinia Voiculescu, Patricia Tomasian

Mare Nostrum NGO, 215 Tomis Blvd., Constanta, 900647, Romania

*Corresponding author: angelica_paiu@marenostrum.ro

Abstract. Marine litter is one of the biggest pollution problems that our seas are facing these days and the Black Sea is no exception. A long-term beach litter monitoring has been conducted between 2016 and 2021, by Mare Nostrum NGO, on 8 beaches from South (Vama Veche) to North (Corbu). These sampled beaches are monitored at least two times per year, using the methodology available in the “Guidelines on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Sea”, periodically updated by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) Technical Group (TG) Litter. The total number of marine litter items recorded is 193952 and 80% is represented by the plastic or synthetic polymers, the major category of marine litter by material on the Romanian Black Sea coast. Cigarette butts are the most common form of litter, accounting for 87839 items. This represents a significant cause for concern. The coastal lanscape is impacted by marine litter, by losing touristic value, but also causes serious threats to marine environment and has economic implications to different sectors. A combination of measures in a regional context is required, focusing on prevention and reducing the rate at which waste is produced.

Keywords: Mare Nostrum, marine litter, Black Sea, Common Maritime Agenda, coastal pollution, monitoring

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PV.7. INSIGHTS ON HOW TO INCORPORATE SOCIO-CULTURAL ALUES INTO MARITIME SPATIAL PLANNING PROCESS IN THE BLACK SEA

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PV.7. INSIGHTS ON HOW TO INCORPORATE SOCIO-CULTURAL ALUES INTO MARITIME SPATIAL PLANNING PROCESS IN THE BLACK SEA

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Natașa Văidianu 1,2*, Florin Tătui 3,4, Igor Sîrodoev 1,2, Andrei Schvab 1,2, Mirela Paraschiv 1,2, Irina Florea-Saghin 1,2

¹ Faculty of Natural Sciences and Agricultural Sciences, Ovidius University of Constanta, 1st Aleea Universității, Constanta, Romania

² Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Research on Territorial Dynamics (CICADIT), University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blv, Romania

³ Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, 1st Nicolae Bălcescu Blv, Romania

⁴ Sfântu Gheorghe Marine and Fluvial Research Station and Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 90 Panduri Street, Bucharest, Romania

*Corresponding author: natasa.vaidianu@univ-ovidius.ro

Abstract. Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) capacity to support integrative and sustainable management seems to be globally driven primarily by economic interests and evident concerns emerging about stakeholder exclusion and blue growth prioritization. In this paper, we present a review of the MSP process implementation in the Black Sea region and discuss how integrating the socio-cultural layers into MSP can help to increase consolidation at the executive level, to promote adaptability, support environmental justice and improve MSP acceptance taking into account the current geopolitical instability. Furthermore, we focus on identifying the disparities between the conceptualization and operationalization of MSP and possible points of connection between MSP and frameworks based on social-ecological system theory. Therefore, it is crucial to continue examining the reality of MSP in the area and to bridge the gap between the dominant economic rhetoric and sociocultural-ecological system approach. N.V. acknowledges support from the European MSP Platform and MSP Assistance Mechanism implemented by CINEA on behalf of DG MARE (European Commission).

Keywords: stakeholder engagement, human dimension, inclusive process, socio-ecological system approach

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PV.8. PUBLIC PARTIPICATION TO REDUCE MARINE LITTER POLLUTION IN THE BLACK SEA

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PV.8. PUBLIC PARTIPICATION TO REDUCE MARINE LITTER POLLUTION IN THE BLACK SEA

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Fatma Telli Karakoç 1*, Coskun Eruz ¹, Hacer Sağlam ², Ertug Duzgunes ², Neira Purwanty Ismail ², Yahya Terzi ², Koray Ozseker ³, Nigar Alkan ², Nurettin Başkan ²

1 Department of Marine Science and Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

2 Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

3 Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

*Corresponding author: fatmatellikarakoc@gmail.com

Abstract. Marine litter is one of the main challenges of the world. Despite of numerous scientific surveys, visible indications, advices from international conventions rated by member countries, litter pollution is still one of the main threats for all living organisms and their environment.

Decision makers are not successful to interprete the outputs of research surveys, so, there are no effective national plans and strategies to mitigate litter pollution. Moreover, litters are transboundary, therefore regional concerted actions are needed to reduce. Implementation of efficient waste collection and treatment services, recycling procedures are urgently needed. Some of the developed countries are successful on these field, however, they are also affected from pollution due to transportation by rivers, waves and currents.

One of the main solutions is to produce less waste and separate on source to recycle/or reuse them. In that case individual behaviours become more important to control/reduce litter pollution. From this point of view, international organisations, fund raisers, national agencies and governments are very keen to support projects which aims awareness raising studies for the society for different ages, settlement areas and different functioners in the society.

LitOUTer project has been implemented to reach this target with the financial support of ENI, Black Sea Cross Border Program for 2020-2022 with 6 partners from 4 countries, In the project, bottom-up approach was accepted for the training and various awareness activities for the stakeholders. housewives, different level of students, fishermen, mukhtars, NGOs, local authorities, and decision-makers are the main included to the target groups aof the projects. Impacts of litter, marine litter on the Keywords: LitOUTer, marine litter, awarenes, training, Black Sea

Acknowledgements: This project has been supported by the financial assistance of the European Union and was funded by the ENI CBC Black Sea Basin Programme 2014-2020 (Project Number BSB785).

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PV.9. STATE OF MARINE LITTER POLLUTION IN THE BENTHIC HABITAT OF SOUTH EASTERN BLACK SEA COASTS

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PV.9. STATE OF MARINE LITTER POLLUTION IN THE BENTHIC HABITAT OF SOUTH EASTERN BLACK SEA COASTS

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Coskun Eruz 1*, Yahya Terzi ², Rafet Çağrı Oztürk ², Fatma Telli Karakoç ¹, Koray Ozseker ³, Ahmet Sahin ², Neira Purwanty Ismail ², Ertug Duzgunes ²

¹ Department of Marine Science and Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

² Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

³ Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

*Corresponding author: yhyterzi@gmail.com

Abstract. Marine litter is a major concern worldwide and posses an environmental, health, economic, and aesthetic threats. Knowledge on the status of distribution and abundance of marine litter on the sea bottom is necessary for the implementation of both national and international policy frameworks, and public awareness.

The Black Sea is a semi-closed basin, connected to the Mediterranean through the narrow Turkish straits system (Istanbul Strait, Sea of Marmara, and Dardenelles) with a limited water exchange.

Wide range of river systems carry diverse pollutants to the sea of which some settle down and accumulates intensively by destructing bottom habitats and some others float coasts of riparian countries by the existing wind and current systems. In this presentation litters on the bottom habitat were analysed based on field samplings with R/V Denar I of KTU.

During the surveys, 671 litter items weighing 83.93 kg were collected from the sampling stations. The average density by number and weight were calculated as 460.70 ± 99.71 n/km² and 80.68 ± 48.06 kg/km². The litter density was found significantly higher at 10–20 m (646.09 ± 165.63 n/km²) compared to 20–30 m (165.53 ± 81.02 n/km²) and >30 m (413.87 ± 146.59 n/km²) depth ranges. Plastics (69.03%) are the most abundant litters by number, followed by textile (20.94%) and metal (5.68%). The litter composition varies between the trawl and no-trawl zones. Results indicate that more detailed research is needed to understand the interaction of various factors affecting transportation and accumulation of marine litter in the Black Sea.

Keywords: marine environment, litter, benthic habitat, plastics, Southern Black Sea

Acknowledgements:This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Marmara Research Center (TUBITAK-MRC). The authors would like to thank the crew of the R/V KTU Denar1.

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PV.10. MONITORING OF MARINE LITTER (ML) IN BEACH SEDIMENTS AND MARINE BIOTA OF THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA 

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PV.10. MONITORING OF MARINE LITTER (ML) IN BEACH SEDIMENTS AND MARINE BIOTA OF THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA 

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Andreea Mădălina Ciucă, Elena Stoica*

National Institute for Marine Research and Development “Grigore Antipa”, 300 Mamaia Blvd, 900581, Constanta, Romania

*Corresponding author: estoica@alpha.rmri.ro

Abstract. Marine litter (ML) pollution is globally recognized as a widespread problem nowadays. In marine environments, ML has affected all parts of the world’s seas and oceans, being present in all marine habitats. The Black Sea does not constitute an exception from marine plastic global tendency; the ML pollution has been identified as a major issue affecting the environmental state of the Black Sea too. The assessments for monitoring purposes on ML occurrence in the sand of the Romanian Black Sea beaches started in 2018 by NIMRD and is ongoing. Diverse microplastic types are present in the top 5 cm of the marine sandy beaches of Romania, with high densities values of polystyrene (EPS). The most dominant microplastic types found in our samples are polystyrene (foam), plastic fragments and films. Microplastics also have been detected in marine biota from the Black Sea area. The analysis of the stomach contents of two species of seabirds present in the Romanian coastal area in 2021, respectively the seagull (Larus sp.) and the great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) highlighted the presence in a proportion of 29.41% of plastic materials of different sizes (micro-, meso-, macro- and megaplastics) from the total number of tested birds and three colour categories (white, transparent and brown).

Our results support the need to continue in the national program for monitoring the state of the Black Sea ecosystem.

Keywords: Marine litter, beach sediments, marine biota, monitoring, Black Sea.

Acknowledgements: This research has been carried out with the financial support from Nucleu Programme SIMAR (PN 18340201) and H2020 EUROqCHARM Project.