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Zhiting and Jacey

1. what history was

2. who Herodotus was

3. what historians studied

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Olevia and Rebekah ❤️‍🔥

1: History is the study of the past .

2: Herodotus is the Father of History .

3: History are related to timelines , recordings of the past and social , economic and political stuff.

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Herodotus is the so called father of history because he revolutionized the way of recording history through reasoning and evidence.

History consists of different categories like history or medicine, history of geography etc

History is about knowing how the past affects the present and not just about remembering facts

LeTing and EuYi

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Vivian and Sze Yi

We learnt about the father of history:Herodotus

We learnt the format and how he recorded history by gathering evidence and using reason

What historians studied

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Yinuo and Yun Shan

1. History is about civilizations ( Greek, Sumar, Egyptian, Chinese)

2. History is a study of past ( individuals , society, past events, developments and places)

3. History is about legacies.

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Vianne and Skylar

1) Herodotus is the "father" of history

2) what is history

3) Herodotus got information from different points of view and used reason to record history

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nuanxin and ashley

1. history is the recording of past events

2. history is traditions, i think

3. we learned about who is the father of history

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Kate and Tze Cheng

1. We learned about the continents in the world and who founded some countries.

2. We learned about how Herodotus recorded history by observing the things around him

3. We learned about some of the different countries around the world map

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annabelle n zihan

1.we learnt what history is.

eg. hist includes the administrative changes and changes in the education system in sg.

2.we learnt about sg’s past as a fishing village and trading port.

3.we learnt about the social,political and economic aspect of artefacts pre-1819 sg.

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Yuqiao and eileen

1. that history is about many things, including learning about the changes as time pasts, important events that happened in the past, etc.

2. that herodotus was the father of history

3. the kind of things historians studied

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Zhixin and Olivia Lee

1. Who Herodotus was

2. He was the first person to ask the reason behind events in history and both sides of the story

3. How he changed the way history was recorded

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Angelina and ZiQi

1.Types of sources/evidence

-Oral Evidence: spoken words of eyewitnesses

-Written evidence: Personal and government documents, newspapers, letters and books

-Pictorial records: Maps, photographs, etc.

-Artefacts :objects used and left behind

2. The father of History:Herodotus

3. What History is about.

Eg. Events that happened in the past

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Clara and Xin Xin

1)Herodotus is the father of history

2)History is a study of the past

3)How history affected us today

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Yu Xuan and Olivia Seng

History is the study of the past.

Evidence is needed to conclude the actual happenings in the past.

We study history to understand connections between the past and current.

Yaey.

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Abigail, Xiao Yang & Shiqi

1. The past is connected to the present and the future

2. The antiques and artefactures left behind from the past

3. We can use the past and present to predict the future

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Katelyn and Ye Meng

History is the study of the past (social, economic and political)

The timeline of new invents (e.g. medicine, food, devices etc.)

Made of evidence and guesses based on the past (e.g. culture, tales, evidence, tradition, artefacts etc.)

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ashley and nuanxin

depending on the type of spice it can go from $5 to about $15

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Zhiting and Jacey:

Spices were in demand in europe and southeast asia was home to many spices.

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Yu Xuan and Olivia Seng🦦

Because the cultivation of many of the herbs and spices were confined to Southeast Asia, and their exact origins a closely guarded secret, these "mysterious "condiments commanded very high prices. In fact, only until the 18 th century, did nutmeg, mace,cloves were grown only in the Mollucas Islands of Eastern Indonesia. Spices were highly valued because, as well as being used in cooking, many had ritual, religious or medical uses

Yaey🦇

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annabelle n zihan

around $2-$7 per bottle

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ZiQi and Angelina

Depends on what type of spices but probably around $5 for 200g?

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Olevia and Rebekah 🥰

Depending on the spices , (for example : saffron is a very expensive spice , but the common ones are pretty cheap )

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The price of spices can range from 2$ to 15$ depending on the type of stuff

Euyi n Le Ting

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Vivian and Sze Yi

Usually less than ten dollars maybe a little more like 13 dollars or something

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Clara and Xin Xin

the prices of spices are still regulated by that ancient principle of supply and demand.

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During the 16th to 19th,the cost of spices in Europe was very high due to their scarcity . In some cases, spices were worth their weight in gold.

yuqiao and eileen

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Abigail, Xiao Yang & Shiqi

The spices are very cheap now but are slowly increasing in price

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Yu xuan and Olivia seng 🐶

$2 to $30

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ashley and nuanxin

in the 1800s depending on the spice, prices ranged from 2g of silver to about 6g of silver

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Zhixin and Olivia Lee

It depends on the spice, but it is normally $2 to $6.

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Katelyn and Ye Meng

Around $2 to $12.

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Valery and Linhan

It can go up to thousands if it is rare, but they usually rank from $5 to about $20 depending on the spice for a bottle in the present.

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ZiQi and Angelina

Depends, but very expensive

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Olevia and Rebekah 🤩

They were of high value because of the relative geographical scarcity.

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Yun Shan and Yinuo

In the European countries, the weather is very cold and is not suitable for the spices to grow there. However, at the Southeast Asia, the weather and the geographical location is very suitable for the spices to grow, thus the Europeans are interested in Southeast Asia in the 18th centuries. The Europeans use the spices for cooking, to add more flavours to their food. The spices can also be used for medicines to cure sickness.

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annabelle n zihan

spices used to cost a lot more in the past.

its price could fluctuate greatly depending on trade routes and availability.

In some cases, pepper was used as currency. For example, in the 13th century, a pound of pepper could cost the equivalent of several hundred dollars in today's currency.

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Vianne and Skylar

Around 2 to 5 dollars

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Zhiting and Jacey:

Spices from India and the Far east had a high cost in Europe (less so to the east) because they had to be transported a long way at a time when transportation was difficult and expensive.Four reasons. First, spices taste good. People liked pepper and ginger and cloves and so on for the same reason people around the world like them today, which is that they give food marvelous flavor. Second, they had ritual uses. Spices were used as ingredients in incense and other preparations to make things smell good for use around churches and religiously tinged activities. Third, they had medicinal uses. Spices were believed to have medicinal properties, and in at a time when diseases were believed to be caused or spread by bad-smelling air, things which produced good aromas were naturally regarded as a countermeasure. Fourth, they were useful for displaying status. Demand for expensive spices was even higher than it might have been otherwise because they were good for showing of your wealth.

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Clara and Xin Xin

A pound of saffron cost the same as a horse; a pound of ginger, as much as a sheep; 2 pounds of mace as much as a cow. A Germanic price table of AD 1393 lists a pound of nutmeg as worth 7 fat oxen. Black pepper, as well as other spices and herbs, was commonly used as a monetary source.

https://www.mccormickscienceinstitute.com/resources/history-of-spices

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Kate and Tze Cheng

The search for direct access to the highly lucrative Eastern spice trade. In the 15th century, spices came to Europe via the Middle East land and sea routes, and spices were in huge demand both for food dishes and for use in medicines.

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Zhiting and Jacey:

about $5 to $15

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Vivian and Sze Yi

There was a popular demand in spices at that time in Europe but it was rarer there but in Southeast Asia there was an abundance of spice so the Europeans wanted to colonize us so that they can benefit from the trades and earn profit.

Furthermore, the weather in Europe is cold and rains often which are not ideal conditions to grow the spices as they need a warm and humid climate which can be found in Southeast Asia. So the Europeans decided to come over to Singapore to trade things for the spices as Singapore is in Southeast Asia and the location Singapore is in is ideal for their ships to sail into

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ashley and nuanxin

Spices were highly valued because other than being used in cooking many had ritual, religious or medical uses. They were of high value because of their relative geographical rarity as Spices could only be grown in the tropical East, in the South of China, Indonesia as well as in Southern India and Sri Lanka.

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Clara and Xin Xin

Southeast asia is the home to most spices as it is warm and the best place to store spices

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Yu Xuan and Olivia Seng 🐥

At one point, they were very valuable — worth their weight in gold valuable. Asian spices like peppercorns, cinnamon, nutmegs, and cloves had begun the race to the Far East. These were the big four among the fragrant spices brought overland to the Mediterranean for many generations and made available by Arab traders. So desirable were these spices in the Medieval Period that a pocketful of peppercorns was at times valued the same as a year’s wages — probably an outrageous overstatement.

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Yun Shan and Yinuo

Spices were very high valued and a luxurious item.

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ZiQi and Angelina

1. The spices were in huge demand both for food dishes and for use in medicines.

2.In its day, the spice trade was the world's biggest industry: it established and destroyed empires, led to the discovery of new continents.

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Valery and Linhan

Since some valuable spices could only be found on certain islands particularly in asia, so they were very expensive and spices were sometimes regarded as gold or traded with gold and silver

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annabelle n zihan

they wanted spices from asia as spices were highly valued as well as being used in cooking, many had ritual, religious or medical uses. They were of high value because of their relative geographical scarcity. Spices could only be grown in the tropical East, in the South of China, Indonesia as well as in Southern India and Sri Lanka

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Katelyn and Ye Meng

Around 7 pounds sterling to an ox.

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Kate and Tze Cheng

Very expensive

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Olevia and Rebekah 🐸

It was because of the search for direct access to the highly eastern spice trade , and also because the spices were used for both food and medicine .

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Spices were high in demand during the 18th to 19th centuries in Europe, and southest Asia had a lot of spices.

Vianne and skylar

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In the past, certain spices could cost more than their weight in gold as they were valued in cooking, and had ritual, religious or medical uses and had a relative geographical scarcity

e.g cinnamon, nutmeg etc

LeTing and EuYi

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yuqiao and eileen

Europeans desired spices from Southeast Asia, such as pepper, cloves, cinnamon, and nutmeg for various reasons such as:

1. Flavoring and Preserving Food

2. Medicinal Purposes

3. Trade and Economic intrests

4.Preserving and Increasing the Value of Goods

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Yinuo and Yun Shan

Depending from the type of spices, the cost ranges from $5 to $20

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Skylar and vianne

Depending on the demand and supply, the prices of spices fluctuated. Asian spices in Europe were costly and mainly used by the wealthy. A pound of saffron cost the same as a horse; a pound of ginger, as much as a sheep; 2 pounds of mace as much as a cow. A Germanic price table of AD 1393 lists a pound of nutmeg as worth 7 fat oxen.

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Abigail, Xiao Yang & Shiqi

In the 16th to 19th century, the spices were very expensive as they were really rare and are difficult to be transported since there’s no aircraft transportation and takes a lot of time to transport by boat

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Linhan and Valery

Because of the climate in Europe, they could not grow spices, and spices were really rare, so they traveled all the way to asia to trade some spices as they really enjoyed consuming the spices.

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Zhixin and Olivia Lee

Spices were very expensive in the past as they needed to be shipped over long distances.

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Katelyn and Ye Meng

Spices could only be grown in the tropical East and it was used in cooking, rituals, religious and medical uses.

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Kate and Tze Cheng

Depends on which type of spice. Around $10 to $15

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Spices could only be grown in the tropical East, in the South of China, Indonesia as well as in Southern India and Sri Lanka and had many ritual, religious or medical uses.

The Europeans desired direct access to their spices

LeTing and EuYi

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Sze Yi and Vivian

The prices of the spices were extremely high back then due to how rare they were and sometimes their prices were measured in the weight of gold

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Zhixin and Olivia Lee

They had medical properties and spices were not easily found in Europe.

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Abigail, Xiao Yang & Shiqi

Since the spices are really rare in the European countries, the Europeans would buy the spices and use it to flavour their food as well as colour their clothes