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Phonetics are important to sound out words and recognize words in writing

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Morphology: Compounds, prefixes,

suffixes, roots, and

combining forms are

examples of morphemes

important for vocabulary,

word recognition, and

spelling.

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Syntax is very important so that students can understand how to structure a sentence in a way that others can easily understand

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Morphology puts an emphasis on the need to be able recognize prefixes and suffixes to help support learning vocabulary and spelling.

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Each language has it's own syntax, which impacts where certain words are placed in the sentence

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"An example of how an EL

student’s writing may

convey a lack of

morphological knowledge

may happen when the

inflectional plural -s is

written as a voiced /z/

sound, such as in the words

“frenz” or “tonz” to

represent the words friends

and tons. These examples

show how a student is using

knowledge of phonology to"

Baby - Babies

Story - Stories

Letters that sound the same Ch and Sh

The differences between the Th and the T sound

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Phonetics is hard for multilingual learners because pronunciations of different letters are different in other languages. Many letters in english such as E or A have different sounds that will change how a word is pronounced.

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Language has to be taught in a strategic and leveled way 

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Language has to be taught in a strategic and leveled way 

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Vocabulary

Phonics

Spelling

Word Study

The difference in the writing rules in different languages

How we modify these practices

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If sounds are combined according to rules, and patterns, and if knowledge of these patterns facilitate word recognition, spelling, and vocabulary, MLs are faced with different patterns, letters that look the same but sound different, etc it will impact their ability to recognize patterns, spell, and learn vocabulary pretty significantly.

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Reading involves sounding out words, especially for new readers. Letter grouping becomes important for sounding words out as well.

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How language is used in social contexts impacts teacher instructional practices in reading because if students are efficient in aspects of literacy, pragmatics can be difficult for them.

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phonetics are important because it build up vocabulary and most importantly recognition.   

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phonetics are important because it build up vocabulary and most importantly recognition.   

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Syntax - New Set of Rules: the order of adjectives and nouns, masculine and feminine words.

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When you have new students that are varied in different levels of reading, it is helpful to lean on these practices to support them at their different levels, even though it can be challengeing.

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Being aware of your pronunciation. As a teacher can impact students because they might not understand what you're saying. As a teacher understanding the instructional practice can help you teach in different ways so that you can reach different types of learners.

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Being aware of your pronunciation. As a teacher can impact students because they might not understand what you're saying. As a teacher understanding the instructional practice can help you teach in different ways so that you can reach different types of learners.

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Sounds might not transfer well from home language to new language. 

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Sounds might not transfer well from home language to new language. 

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Phonetics:

Phonetics are the sounds that letters or groups of letters make. What students hear and interpret may differ based on cultural backgrounds and what they hear at home. It is important for fluency because when a student knows the sound and can blend them together, it will make sounding out larger words easier for students.

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Morphology: breaking the word parts down and understanding their meanings helps students gain understanding of the whole word.

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MLL learners have already learned the sounds and corresponding characters in their native language. However, they often have to relearn sounds and will have trouble producing them, especially at the beginning of learning English.

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Phonetics helps kindergarteners develop phonemic awareness and letter-sound correspondence, essential for reading and writing. It supports blending, segmenting, rhyming, and decoding skills by teaching how speech sounds are articulated and perceived. By understanding how sounds are formed and recognized, children can better connect spoken language to written text, improving their literacy development.

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Morphology: knowing the morphological rule will help the students spelling. For example the plural "S" sounds like a "z" but the rule is that it is never a "z"

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Phonology is important because it is the foundation of spoken and written language. It governs how speech sounds are organized, combined, and understood within a language. Phonology helps children learn how to produce and understand words correctly

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You can't teach what you don't know.

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Explicit teaching on speech sounds. Will include descriptions and comparisons. It plays a vital role in the understanding of phoneme awareness and correct word pronunciation. It is essential for reading and writing development because it allows kids to spell words accurately and recognize print.

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phonetics make it easier to recognize unknown words that are printed and pronounced as well as spelling

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we think that the instruction will become more rounded and be give the abilities to reach more students

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Being aware of how to teach the sounds as well as being aware of the pronunciation and how you pronounce words can impact how a child learns the sounds.

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Phonetics: ELs sounds in their native language could be understood but it is more likely that they are learning new sounds. This would present a challenge in pronouncing the new sounds and understanding what it means.

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Semantics: is the knowledge of the meaning of words in language. Example: to use the word bank you need the context in which the word is used.

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Discourse (connecting text) : Multilingual Learners need to learn basic skills like vocabulary, writing, understanding sentences and paragraphs, and knowing different types of texts. These skills must be taught specifically for the English language and shouldn't just be expected because they speak or read English.

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Teachers understanding language systems impacts teaching instructional practices with reading. Teachers being able to be multilingual with understanding language creates connections with students reading instruction. When teachers are not able use and understand the language students are learning. This creates disconnect with reading instruction to students. Teachers being open minded is key to reading instruction with multilingual students. Teachers having resources and supports to encourage them with multilingual students' instruction with reading.

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Orthography: the written system of spelling patterns and correspondences between speech and print, is crucial for reading and writting development. It enables the mapping of sounds to letters, word recognition, decoding and spelling skills.

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Orthography: the written system of spelling patterns between speech and print

It helps with reading and writing instruction because it makes words more recognizable- seeing different patterns and connections. You have to see certain parts and patterns.

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Syntax: the rule system

that governs how words

are combined into

phrases, clauses, and

sentences.

When I think about learning language, this system is what I most associate with. I think about how in my early learning we were exposed to the rules of how the words interact with each other. Conjuction junction, what's your function.

What is the relevance? Interpreting syntax is essential for reading comprehension; producing grammatical syntax is

essential for written expression. Punctuation marks syntactic structures.

without the ability to interpret writings using syntax, you just have a list of words. words only can be assigned meaning through the application of rules that allow meaning to be evaluated in a logical manner.

Without punctuation rules, words can have different meanings.

Without syntax, you can't communicate a thought.

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trying to figure out how to teach pronunciation to ML's can be challenging due to language barriers.

The pronunciation of different letters in different languages can make things confusing.

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The difference is knowing the context in their home language. Knowing how it's used in the English language and having regional understanding of the word.

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Gideon, Damien, Flor Pronology/Morphology

ELL students have difficulty with the English language, Because of the sound ex./v/b /berry/very. or just pronouncing the words. And words structure in English /s/ed/ing/tion/

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Main differences is that language systems are different in every language. ML's language system can be different than what we teach in the United States. Their native language can be different which can be difficult and make them feel insecure.

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Phonetics: Letters and sounds pronunciation may be difficult to recognize and grasp with their native language. English letters and languages can be confusing when considering other different languages and their pronunciation.

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Orthography: Students ability to connect oral patterns to written patterns. Example spelling test orally.

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the five pillars plus the science of reading has taught us that sight words may not be as valuable as we once thought. syntax plays a role in different languages, arranging words in sentences, etc can make learning languages challenging.

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Understanding language systems impact the teacher because each student learns differently and have different backgrounds. Understanding this as a teacher can support each student differently and represent their learning progress through the teacher's different ways of instruction.

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The more we understand our students language system, the more we can help them. It allows us to better understand where they are and what support they need. "Teachers who understand the semantics of a language can support students in developing vocabulary and comprehension strategies"

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We need the practices so we can bring out the meaning. Having a word wall can be a visual for those learners.

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Semantic processing is

recognizing, constructing,

storing and retrieving

meaning represented by

language.

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EL's may or may not have been exposed to written language system.

Marlu, Elsa and Melanie

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Phonology is the system that helps us understand how sounds are put together in words.
It’s important in reading and writing because kids need to hear and understand how sounds work in words to read and spell them correctly.
For example, if a child doesn’t know that "stop" has four separate sounds /s/ /t/ /o/ /p/, they may not be able to sound it out or spell it correctly.

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Multilingual learners (MLLs or ELs) may not be used to the same sounds, spelling rules, or grammar as English uses.
Some sounds might not exist in their first language, or they might be used differently. For example, English puts stress on different syllables or has sounds they’ve never had to say before.
Also, word order in sentences (syntax) may be different in their home language.

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When teachers understand language systems, they can teach reading more clearly and help students who struggle.
They know which parts of reading (like sounds, grammar, and meaning) students need help with.
This is especially helpful for multilingual learners because the teacher can figure out what’s a learning issue vs. a language difference.

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Morphology

This involves the structure of words, including prefixes, suffixes, compounds., and roots.

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How?.. Significantly!!

Between alienesque letter sounds & blends and the 1000s of rule breakers; aware teachers would be creating word games that explore sound recognition and sound blends.

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some of the differences multilingual learners face with the system is sometimes they have the sounds from their native tongue that sound different from the sounds that are being taught in English for example in Spanish two "LL" make a Y sound but in English the "LL" sound makes the regualr L sound. Being able to learn all of the rules to the language and how its used and when to use it and why and being able to make those transitions is a lot for some of our students.

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When looking at phonetics we are able to look at a word and be able to break down each letter and their sounds and then be able to put it all together. This helps ELL’s by teaching them the vocabulary and each letter and sound correspondence as well. In the long term effects of phonetics you are teaching students how to read words by using sounds of each letter and giving them the tools to put those sounds together to make the word.

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Phonetics are very important because it shows students the connection between a letters symbol and its pronunciation which equip students with skills that enable to them to become readers and writers.

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Phonetics provides groundwork for students to understand the sound a word needs to make. It allows them to correctly spell and articulate different words and is commonly overlooked when dealing with younger grades.

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Some differences multiple learners face are vowel sounds. This can be difficult when teaching students a new word that contains a vowel that is different in their native language.

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When it comes to understanding language systems and its benefits in reading it comes down to providing yourself with the knowledge of what you’re actually teaching and the best tools and methods that surround that. As teachers we need to make sure we have a solid base understanding of language systems to promote the best reading teaching practices.

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Some spoken languages may not have any type of written alphabet, so that would open a whole new realm of challenges.

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we think that the language systems impact teacher instructional practices in reading because students will have to be able to learn different vocab, know the phonics and how they are used learn to read and comprehend what they are reading as well as being able to wright and express their thoughts. None of this can be done without understanding the language systems other wise it is just memorizing instead or learning

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Pragmatics is a language system that multilingual learners need time to figure out. When stepping into a new language you are also stepping into a new social environment with different cues, grammer and dialogue.

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When teachers understand language system it allows them to give kids more grace when it comes to reading and writing in a language they already speak. Dan had a great example around Phonetics when teachers tell students to "sound it out" they are assuming that they already know how to. We need to teach students all systems around English and that may start with how to sound out letters and words.

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Semantics are important to recognition, storing, and retrieving meaning from words.

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Pragmatics: This allows students to apply their skills of Syntax while also understanding why things may be used for a given function. This will eventually become much of their later learning in reading and writing instruction.

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Phonetics refers to the connection between sounds and what a student sees in print, as well as the understanding that letters on a page represent the sounds of a spoken language.

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Semantics

Multilingual learners have to double-connect. To find meaning in the English word, they have to find meaning in the word they already know.

Connecting to known language can strengthen and deepen their semantic system.

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Phonology is the language system a lot of MLL students may struggle with or find a lot of differences in because the phonemes we have in our language may not exist or look different in their native language.

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Helps teacher teach more clearly and support students who are struggling. Teachers can explicitly teach word parts, connect English to students’ home languages, and give strategies for breaking down complex words

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Morphology is the study of word parts like roots, prefixes, and suffixes, and how they create meaning. It is important for reading and writing because it helps students break down unfamiliar words, understand vocabulary, and improve spelling and comprehension

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Differences MLL face with phonetics is that different sound systems in their home language may sound different or do not exist in the first language. Because of this, MLL often need explicit phonics instruction, modeling of sounds, extra practice with pronunciation, and connections between their first language and English.

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morphology supports writing by helping students spell words correctly by understanding and expanding their vocabulary. It helps them not just read but understand(comprehension).

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Multilingual learners may struggle because their first language may have different word structures or patterns than English. For example, some languages use different prefixes, suffixes, or word forms, which can make it harder to understand English word meanings. However, they can also benefit from similarities between languages (like cognates), which can help them learn vocabulary faster.

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Semantics:

Vocabulary

Word analysis

Morphological

The deeper understanding of a language system like semantics, you can teach with more intentionality.

If I understand, I can teach structure.

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It helps teachers better identify why a student is struggling and where certain students may need additional support.

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Understanding language systems helps teachers possibily identify where a student may needs scaffolds or interventsions to make them successful. If you as an educator struggle with a given language system then it may be difficult for you to see where a student could be struggling and then identifying appropriate scaffolds to support their reading.

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Learning Homophones (like their / there / they’re) sound exactly the same, but they have different meanings and spellings

MLLs often rely on sound-to-spelling connections when learning English

Homophones break that pattern; one sound doesn't mean one meaning

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Ansley, Morgan, and Jessica --- Younger primary teachers expressing the importance and simplicity of saying "b" instead of "ba" showing soft sounds. Leading to reading of CVC, sight, high-frequency words.

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ELL students - phonetics and phonology are difficult - have a hard time pronouncing some letters correctly or may not have a similar letter in their alphabet and therefore words are often mispronounced. Teaching awareness of phonetics and phonology will help these students succeed. For example; Spanish to English - letters i, e, j, etc.

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Explicitly teaching morphology during reading and writing instruction will help students understand and decode unknown words.