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Baroque is a style of architecture and art. It began in Italy around the start of the 17th to the middle of the 18th century which quickly gained popularity throughout Europe and eventually the world. Baroque mainly appealed to the rich and wealthy because of how expensive it was. It took a lot of effort and manual labour to make a single baroque structure. It was also expensive because of the materials. Baroque completely eliminated the use of wood and instead used materials such as granite, stone, brick, limestone and slate.

Study.com, 2022, study.com/academy/lesson/english-baroque-architecture-characteristics-examples.html#:~:text=Baroque%20architects%20decided%20to%20cast.

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Baroque architecture is highly opulent and extremely detailed. It uses complex forms, bold ornamentation and curvaceousness that conveys drama and tension.

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These are the dramatic baroque ornaments that are used to decorate buildings and various furniture. And according to Britannica consists of characteristics such as "grandeur, sensuous richness, drama, dynamism, movement, tension, emotional exuberance, and a tendency to blur distinctions between the various arts."

“Baroque Art and Architecture.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., www.britannica.com/art/Baroque-art-and-architecture. Accessed 7 Feb. 2024.

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Many pieces of baroque resemble nature and vegetation thus the acanthus leaf. Architects implement nature into structures, buildings and overall architecture because it creates a visual harmony between nature and the buildings. This establishes a stronger connection between people and nature which builds a sense of belonging.

Holl, Gillian, and About The Author Gillian Holl Gillian is the founder and lead architect at Veld Architects.  Her passion is grounded in all things Architecture and her work reflects that.  Every detail is carefully crafted while making her client’s dream homes come to li. “The Role Architecture Can Play in Environmental Preservation.” Veld Architects, 27 June 2023, www.veldarchitects.co.za/the-role-architecture-can-play-in-environmental-preservation/#:~:text=Incorporating%20nature%20into%20architectural%20designs,and%20a%20sense%20of%20belonging.

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Bulgarian Orthodox Church "Alexander Nevsky"

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Bulgarian Orthodox Church "Alexander Nevsky"

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A Lot of baroque is seen in Christianity and in Churches, especially in Orthodox Christian Churches such as in the "Alexander Nevsky" Orthodox Church in downtown Sofia.

Baroque is a big part of Christian architecture because it largely resembles wealth and as a way of showing their appreciation and belief of the higher power people construct Churches made of expensive materials and complex architectural styles such as baroque.

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Architectural environment of Baroque and its history

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Architectural environment of Baroque and its history

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In response to the protestant reformation of the earlier 16th century, Roman Catholics began a program of restoration, a new era of art and life known as the "counter reformation". This is what introduced the birth of Baroque art in Italy. It was meant to display Italian prosperity, strength and intelligence whilst maintaining architectural complexity. As seen in the picture above the Italian Trevi Fountain is known worldwide as one of the most important and significant baroque pieces that influenced many other countries such as Spain and France to adapt baroque.

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Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-73) - Italian architect who made St Peter's dome.

Bernini (1598-1680) - One of the best architects and sculptors of the 17th century, creator of St Peter's square.

Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach (1656-1723) - Austrian architect who brought Italian styles to central Europe. One of his most famous and well known builds is the Church of St Charles.

“Baroque Architects: Architectural Designers, 17th Century.” Visual-Arts-Cork.com, 2019, www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/baroque-architects.htm.

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