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All humanity is passion; without passion, religion, history, novels, art would be ineffectual.

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All humanity is passion; without passion, religion, history, novels, art would be ineffectual.

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Honore de Balzac

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If good history is dispassionate history, it must naturally wait until the passions of the period subside.

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If good history is dispassionate history, it must naturally wait until the passions of the period subside.

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James Buchan

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To study history means submitting to chaos and nevertheless retaining faith in order and meaning.

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To study history means submitting to chaos and nevertheless retaining faith in order and meaning.

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Hermann Hesse

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Literature overtakes history, for literature gives you more than one life. It expands experience and opens new opportunities to readers.

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Literature overtakes history, for literature gives you more than one life. It expands experience and opens new opportunities to readers.

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Carlos Fuentes

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It takes a great deal of history to produce a little literature.

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It takes a great deal of history to produce a little literature.

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Henry James

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H. L. Mencken

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Poetry is nearer to vital truth than history.

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Poetry is nearer to vital truth than history.

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Plato

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Poetry is finer and more philosophical than history; for poetry expresses the universal, and history only the particular.

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Poetry is finer and more philosophical than history; for poetry expresses the universal, and history only the particular.

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Aristotle

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We are not makers of history. We are made by history.

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We are not makers of history. We are made by history.

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Martin Luther King, Jr.

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The past always seems somehow more golden, more serious, than the present. We tend to forget the partisanship of yesteryear, preferring to re-imagine our history as a sure and steady march toward greatness.

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The past always seems somehow more golden, more serious, than the present. We tend to forget the partisanship of yesteryear, preferring to re-imagine our history as a sure and steady march toward greatness.

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Jon Meacham

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History takes time. History makes memory.

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History takes time. History makes memory.

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Gertrude Stein

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E. M. Forster

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Thanks to television, for the first time the young are seeing history made before it is censored by their elders.

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Thanks to television, for the first time the young are seeing history made before it is censored by their elders.

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Margaret Mead

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You have to look at history as an evolution of society.

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You have to look at history as an evolution of society.

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Jean Chretien

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Newspapers are the second hand of history. This hand, however, is usually not only of inferior metal to the other hands, it also seldom works properly.

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Newspapers are the second hand of history. This hand, however, is usually not only of inferior metal to the other hands, it also seldom works properly.

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Arthur Schopenhauer

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The artist’s job is to be a witness to his time in history.

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The artist’s job is to be a witness to his time in history.

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Robert Rauschenberg

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History will be kind to me for I intend to write it.

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History will be kind to me for I intend to write it.

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Winston Churchill

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Winston Churchill

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The very ink with which history is written is merely fluid prejudice.

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The very ink with which history is written is merely fluid prejudice.

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Mark Twain

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History is mostly guessing; the rest is prejudice.

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History is mostly guessing; the rest is prejudice.

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Will Durant

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God cannot alter the past, though historians can.

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God cannot alter the past, though historians can.

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Samuel Butler

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History is a vision of God’s creation on the move.

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History is a vision of God’s creation on the move.

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Arnold J. Toynbee

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The past is malleable and flexible, changing as our recollection interprets and re-explains what has happened.

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The past is malleable and flexible, changing as our recollection interprets and re-explains what has happened.

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Peter Berger

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History does not merely touch on language, but takes place in it.

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History does not merely touch on language, but takes place in it.

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Theodor Adorno

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In a sense, words are encyclopedias of ignorance because they freeze perceptions at one moment in history and then insist we continue to use these frozen perceptions when we should be doing better.

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In a sense, words are encyclopedias of ignorance because they freeze perceptions at one moment in history and then insist we continue to use these frozen perceptions when we should be doing better.

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Edward de Bono

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Language is an archaeological vehicle… the language we speak is a whole palimpsest of human effort and history.

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Language is an archaeological vehicle… the language we speak is a whole palimpsest of human effort and history.

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Russell Hoban

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The past actually happened but history is only what someone wrote down.

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The past actually happened but history is only what someone wrote down.

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A. Whitney Brown

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History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon.

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History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon.

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Napoleon Bonaparte

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History is a gallery of pictures in which there are few originals and many copies.

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History is a gallery of pictures in which there are few originals and many copies.

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Alexis de Tocqueville

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If history were taught in the form of stories, it would never be forgotten.

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If history were taught in the form of stories, it would never be forgotten.

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Rudyard Kipling

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History books that contain no lies are extremely dull.

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History books that contain no lies are extremely dull.

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Anatole France

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Thomas Carlyle

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History is indeed little more than the register of the crimes, follies, and misfortunes of mankind.

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History is indeed little more than the register of the crimes, follies, and misfortunes of mankind.

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Edward Gibbon

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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

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Psychology keeps trying to vindicate human nature. History keeps undermining the effort.

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Psychology keeps trying to vindicate human nature. History keeps undermining the effort.

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Mason Cooley

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History is a guide to navigation in perilous times. History is who we are and why we are the way we are.

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History is a guide to navigation in perilous times. History is who we are and why we are the way we are.

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David McCullough

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Governments have never learned anything from history, or acted on principles deducted from it.

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Governments have never learned anything from history, or acted on principles deducted from it.

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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

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History offers us vicarious experience. It allows the youngest student to possess the ground equally with his elders; without a knowledge of history to give him a context for present events, he is at the mercy of every social misdiagnosis handed to him.

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History offers us vicarious experience. It allows the youngest student to possess the ground equally with his elders; without a knowledge of history to give him a context for present events, he is at the mercy of every social misdiagnosis handed to him.

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Hilary Mantel

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History is the sum total of things that could have been avoided.

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History is the sum total of things that could have been avoided.

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Konrad Adenauer

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People are trapped in history and history is trapped in them.

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People are trapped in history and history is trapped in them.

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James Baldwin

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History is an account, mostly false, of events, mostly unimportant, which are brought about by rulers, mostly knaves, and soldiers, mostly fools.

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History is an account, mostly false, of events, mostly unimportant, which are brought about by rulers, mostly knaves, and soldiers, mostly fools.

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Ambrose Bierce

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Henry Ford

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History never looks like history when you are living through it.

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History never looks like history when you are living through it.

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John W. Gardner

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Imagination is always the fabric of social life and the dynamic of history. The influence of real needs and compulsions, of real interests and materials, is indirect because the crowd is never conscious of it.

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Imagination is always the fabric of social life and the dynamic of history. The influence of real needs and compulsions, of real interests and materials, is indirect because the crowd is never conscious of it.

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Simone Weil

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History is Philosophy teaching by example.

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History is Philosophy teaching by example.

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Thucydides

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History should be written as philosophy.

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History should be written as philosophy.

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Voltaire

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History is the interpretation of the significance that the past has for us.

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History is the interpretation of the significance that the past has for us.

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Johan Huizinga

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History is the only true teacher, the revolution the best school for the proletariat.

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History is the only true teacher, the revolution the best school for the proletariat.

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Rosa Luxemburg

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Those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it.

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Those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it.

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George Santayana

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That men do not learn very much from the lessons of history is the most important of all the lessons of history.

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That men do not learn very much from the lessons of history is the most important of all the lessons of history.

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Aldous Huxley

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History is, strictly speaking, the study of questions; the study of answers belongs to anthropology and sociology.

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History is, strictly speaking, the study of questions; the study of answers belongs to anthropology and sociology.

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W. H. Auden

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History is not everything, but it is a starting point. History is a clock that people use to tell their political and cultural time of day. It is a compass they use to find themselves on the map of human geography. It tells them where they are but, more importantly, what they must be.

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History is not everything, but it is a starting point. History is a clock that people use to tell their political and cultural time of day. It is a compass they use to find themselves on the map of human geography. It tells them where they are but, more importantly, what they must be.

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John Henrik Clarke

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Who has fully realized that history is not contained in thick books but lives in our very blood?

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Who has fully realized that history is not contained in thick books but lives in our very blood?

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Carl Jung

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Which quotes do students find the most and least insightful? Do they challenge or support your assumptions about this aspect of TOK? What do they reveal about the way this aspect of TOK interlinks with rest of the course?

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You can also apply them easily to the knowledge framework: Section 1 links to nature and scope; Section 2 links to ethics; Section 3, 5, 6 links to methods & tools; Section 4 links to perspectives.

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We've arranged the quotes into six categories, which correspond to our Big Questions. See more on the BQs here.

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Use the quotes to provide students with a quick access point into this aspect of TOK, prompt discussions and debates in your classroom, and introduce a range of influential thinkers.