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Students of the Colegio San Juan de Letran, 1887

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Education in urban areas where there is close contact with the Spaniards

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Education in urban areas where there is close contact with the Spaniards

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The educational institutions in Manila were well-established and were surprisingly accessible to all, including the non- European students.

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Education in rural areas and newly opened mission territories

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Education in rural areas and newly opened mission territories

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In the rural areas where there are little to none contact with the Spaniards, education is dismissed or poorly implemented.

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On a Country Road in the Interior a Grouping by the Photographer in Front of a Native Card with Solid Wheels

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Colorful Vibrant Scrapbook Philippines Travel Presentation

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Education in the Philippines was largely controlled by Spanish friars

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Education in the Philippines was largely controlled by Spanish friars

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Only the privileged could afford formal education, which was mostly dedicated to teaching religious doctrine rather than academic or scientific subjects. Most Filipinos lacked the ability to think critically or exercise their intellectual independence as a result of the Catholic Church's strong influence, which used education to support the teachings of religion and uphold colonial rule.

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Binondo Church, Manila, Late 1800s-Early 1900s

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The Spanish authorities and Catholic officials feared that more education would lead to Filipino independence and loss of the Church’s control over the populace and revenue for the Church and the Spanish Crown. As a result, education was limited to those of Spanish blood and the few local Filipinos who had the money to study in these religious academic institutions.

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Also known as “frailocracy”, a union between the state and religion. During the 19th century, friars had a great influence on the government. At first, friars are only responsible for the religious and educational aspect. But later on, they gained power in the political aspect and the government. They practically ruled the civil government making it just a facade. Friars have the control over local elections, taxes, schools, etc. Governor generals, alcaldes mayores, and guardia civil are under their command.

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Spanish colonial power, along with Catholicism and a rigid social order, molded Philippine culture in the 19th century. Native customs endured, and nationalism flourished under the leadership of learned Filipinos such as José Rizal. Urbanization and trade both grew during this time.

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Also known as the richest landlords. These friars by the order of Royal titles. They were the legal owner of the land. These lands are cultivated by our ancestors from generations to generations. Our ancestors became just a tenant in their own lands.

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Chavacano, a Spanish-based creole. Creole means a European descent. Chavacano people passed down the Spanish language from one generation to the next. Up until now, the Spanish language was still spoken in this province. The province of Zamboanga. Due to its unique preservation of language. It is dubbed as the "Asia's Latin City" (Nathan Hill, 2021)

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As we already know, Catholicism is the biggest contribution of Spanish colonizers to our culture.

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These powers still influence our government. The fact that divorce cannot push through is one of its evident examples. So as the SOGIE bill.

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Different religious order of friars during Spanish Era

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Different religious order of friars during Spanish Era

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Five religious orders of Friars

1. Augustinians

2. Discalced Franciscans (1578)

3. Jesuits (1581)

4. Dominican Friars (1578)

5. Augustinian Recollects (Recoletos, 1606)

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Execution of Gomburza was orchestrated by colonial authorities including Spanish Friars

Three priests that influence Rizal's Nationalism and reformist ideals.

Jose Rizal dedicated El Filibusterismo to martyr priest Gomburza.