# data[].attributes.body
Deviation from the norm in music culture pertaining to a certain culture or subculture

# data[].attributes.body
referring to latinx culture, adhering to latinx music, art, expression, etc

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Victoria Santa Cruz singing "Me Gritaron Negra"

# data[].attributes.body
The message of the song represents an important aspect of Latinidad: inclusiveness. From the time this song was created to the present, Afro-Latin people have experienced discrimination from the Latin community based on their blackness. Victoria Santa Cruz was an important figure for Afro-Latin people for her acceptance of her identity. This song acts as a celebration of her Afro-Latin heritage and perhaps a chant for others like her.

# data[].attributes.body
It is not the anatomy that makes us persons, nit our mental faculties that do

# data[].attributes.body
This video follows the life of a woman suffering from a lifestyle of sexual perpetration and violence in Brazil. There are many displays of the atmosphere of violence, where men are extremely eager to satisfy their pleasures while seemingly dehumanizing women into prostitution. The message of the song aims to empower women and nonbinaries to stand up for themselves against sexual violence and congregate to heal from the trauma they have experienced. The woman runs away from man and tells them to "vanish", which emphasizes retaliation against oppression and violence from men

# data[].attributes.body
People display strong emotions and feelings through art. Empowerment and initiative are emphasized through messages within music and tend to resonate with listeners

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Image from Interviews for Toward Decolonial Feminisms

# data[].attributes.body
In section 1, 'The Coloniality of Gender', there is an emphasis on the system of categorization created by European colonizers, which enabled them to oppress not only people of other skin colors and cultures but also women by creating expectations for them based on 'functions'.

# data[].attributes.headline
Lugones, "Decolonial Feminism"- The Coloniality of Gender 

# data[].attributes.subject
Lugones, "Decolonial Feminism"- The Coloniality of Gender 

# data[].attributes.body
Lugones critiques the binary system of gender and blames colonialism for imposing such rigid standards amongst indigenous people. Colonialism set to impose expectations of both men and women in society by linking race and gender together, which arose forms of oppression against indigenous cultures who did not fit the ideal.

# data[].attributes.body
This term, while created originally as a derogatory term towards trans women in Brazil, has been used by Trans-Women, especially sex workers has been embraced as a way to fight against their oppression.

# data[].attributes.body
Racism made sense to people at one point. There is a gap of knowledge between people who have grown up in specific environments and those who haven't, which addresses the need to fill this gap through education and acceptance. Racism comes in many forms, such as microagressions or even implicit statements that unfairly categorize others, causing conflict and a complex dynamic that makes it difficult for others to resonate or understand the differences between one another.

# data[].attributes.body
The song has a sad undertone to it, with the lyrics talking about or hinting at a toxic relationship. The choice of a musical instrument being a guitar seems to elevate this feeling as it is slow and not too exciting. Her voice has hints of sorrow and anger within it. However, depending on the rendition of the song, either from 1961 or 1996, it has different feelings. The tone described before is seen in the 1961 version, however, in her performance of the song in 1996, it leans more toward her reminiscing about her experience. Her vocals are much more announced and loud, as well as less sorrow and more confidence. The guitar is more reverbed or amplified, further going away from the previous tone. All of this leads to an interpretation of a person who is reflecting on their life and regrets.

# data[].attributes.headline
Listening in Detail by Alexandra Vasquez 

# data[].attributes.subject
Listening in Detail by Alexandra Vasquez 

# data[].attributes.body
In this piece, there is an emphasis on the choices that an artist makes toward their music. This could be to the salud, tone, instruments, lyrics, etc. Each of these aspects that make up the song is chosen by the artist for a reason. Whether it is to amplify a feeling or to reinforce the message to the listeners. There are details in the song that affect listeners interpretations. In lecture, the general formula is voice + sound = interpretation.

# data[].attributes.body
she is known as the "Queen of Tejano Music," represents Latin America via her life, career, and cultural impact as a symbol of bicultural and bilingual identity. Selena's tale resonates emotionally with many Latin Americans and Latinx groups because she represents the experience of managing cultural ambiguity and honoring ancestry in a global environment.

# data[].attributes.body
Highlights the intersectionality of African and Latin American identities, which are sometimes overlooked in conventional narratives about both communities. Afro-Latinidades refers to the cultural, social, and historical achievements of Afro-descendant populations in Latin America and across the Latinx diaspora.

# data[].attributes.body
Demonstrates how music and performance may be used to explore identity and disobedience.

# data[].attributes.body
This song contains significant emotional and cultural value, both within Rivera's career and in the larger context of Mexican music. Tomás Méndez initially created the song, which is a traditional ranchera that explores themes of grief, desire, and betrayal. Rivera's rendition is so effective because she filled it with her unique personal experiences and emotional intensity.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Jenni Rivera - Paloma Negra (Video Oficial)

# data[].attributes.body
It is a seminal book that redefines resistance for oppressed populations, notably LGBT people of color. Muñoz introduces disidentification as a tool for negotiating and altering dominant cultural norms, offering a framework for both critique and creative affirmation. The book focuses on intersectionality, emphasizing how race, sexuality, and class interact in oppressive situations, as well as the importance of art and performance as political resistance tactics. Its forward-thinking vision of queer futures continues to inspire researchers, artists, and activists, making it a key resource for understanding how oppressed identities resist and reconfigure power structures.

# data[].attributes.body
Explores Jenni Rivera's cultural significance as a transformational figure who questioned gender, class, and cultural conventions in Mexican-American and Latinx communities. Vargas discusses how Rivera bucked typical expectations in the male-dominated regional Mexican music genre, striking a chord with women and LGBTQ fans via her raw genuineness and disobedience of patriarchal conventions. Vargas portrays Rivera as a symbol of resistance and inclusion by associating her with the notion of "jota" which stands for (queerness), highlighting her role in amplifying minority voices and making space for nonconforming identities.

# data[].attributes.body
It explores the hidden but common presence of queer identities in Mexican music, emphasizing how queerness functions as a "secret in plain sight" within a society formed by heteronormative and patriarchal standards. Madrid investigates the relationship between visibility and erasure, demonstrating how gay themes and performers defy conventional expectations while negotiating cultural silences. The work examines queer aesthetics and the interaction of identity with class, race, and tradition, revealing music as a potent arena for resistance, self-expression, and belonging negotiation in Mexican cultural politics.

# data[].attributes.body
Jenni Rivera’s "Las Malandrinas" portrays a group of girls who are disruptive and seemingly reckless, embodying a bold, unapologetic attitude. The song reflects how Jenni perceives herself or how others may view her, embracing the idea of being labeled as rebellious or carefree. In the narrative, Jenni positions herself as the leader of this group, taking charge of their reckless antics and owning the stereotypes often placed upon her. Through the lyrics, she directly addresses her critics and those who judge her, turning their negative labels into a source of empowerment. The song can also symbolize her personal experiences during her rise to fame, capturing the challenges she faced and the strength she cultivated to defy societal expectations.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Jenni Rivera - Las Malandrinas (Official Video)

# data[].attributes.body
This video depicts a upbeat, party like scene in the streets of Colombia. It seems to encapsulate a wild behavior in the people, especially Tokischa (who is dressed as a dog and behaves like so). This significantly challenges the norm of traditional gender expectations, where Tokischa embraces wild behaviors to rebel against mainstream music and define herself as fearless.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Balvin, Tokischa ft. J  Balvin - Perra  (Official Video).

# data[].attributes.body
A commentary on social views of women, resisting traditional views through presenting as impure, human, and unfiltered.

# data[].attributes.body
Commentary on LGBTQ+ ideology. Meant to comment on her internal state of being a female although being born a male. She says that she hasn't had plastic surgery done, as many trans people have done.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Commentary on the state of LGBTQIA+ community, stating that a lot of trans drag queens have had plastic surgery and are "daring." 

# data[].attributes.body
d

# data[].attributes.body
Toto La Momposina’s representation of the Columbian music is very unique. This tribute to the fisherman that operate in Columbia is an acknowledgement of the humble yet hard work of them, and emphasizes being in touch with nature. Singing about the connection to nature with how a fisherman casts his net and talks to the moon and the beach emphasizes their connection to the natural and spiritual world. The humbleness of being a fisherman is also emphasized by how she says “he has no fortune.”

# data[].attributes.body
The poet Alan Pelaez describes his first experience with his racial identity, and goes on to describe how it made him more and more aware of his blackness and its role in his life. He says that “to celebrate blackness means to know that empire failed”. He also connects blackness to being queer, saying that “there’s no way you could ever separate them.”

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Afro-indigenous Poet Alán Pelaez Lopez Breaks Down Why Blackness Is Radical in Latinidad

# data[].attributes.body
Selena compares love to a flower, how when it’s given, it can be interpreted as bright, vibrant, and powerful. She also compares her own personal life experience to a flower, saying how “like the flower you gave me with so much love, it withered” and saying how “I don’t know if I can love again.” A deeply personal song, and in the Astrodome performance, she encourages the rest of the audience to sing along, relating to them and showing how nobody in the audience is alone when it comes to feeling betrayed by a previous lover.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Selena - Como La Flor (Live From Astrodome)

# data[].attributes.body
Stating that she is exhausted, frustrated, infuriated with the lyrics “I don’t know anymore whether to curse you or to pray for you” and “I already get tired of crying”. Black dove is a symbol of mourning or peace, which could represent Jenni Rivera mourning a previous relationship, potentially abusive.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Jenni Rivera - Paloma Negra (En Vivo Desde Monterrey)

# data[].attributes.body
This commercial is a racist promotion of bananas, showing that they represent a civilized and refined way of living. They send this message through the setting of a forest, with a monkey figure that is meant to represent a black person. This commercial seems to be meant for westerners as a way to encourage the adoption of bananas in their diet, and how it represents the western ideals.

# data[].attributes.body
The concept of taking a lifestyle or identity and expressing it in performance to make it liveable.

# data[].attributes.body
The concept that communication goes beyond words and languages but through physical mediums such as dance and sex

# data[].attributes.headline
Gesture in Mambo Time - Juana Rodriguez 

# data[].attributes.subject
Gesture in Mambo Time - Juana Rodriguez 

# data[].attributes.body
While I find the reading a little confusing, there is a theme of gestures, specifically sex and dance being forms of communication. Communication does not stay in the realm of just words and languages. When dancing, you communicate with your body with others or translate the music and respond with your body. The act of sex is also a form of communication such as whenever you kiss you. As she mentions at the beginning of her paper, "our academic desires to touch bodies that are no longer there, our own memories of being moved by touch, our own desires for something else beyond what we know." This alludes that all people seeking knowledge beyond what they know desire to connect and touch with that they seek.

# data[].attributes.headline
Juan Gabriel's "Hasta Que te Conoci" at el Palacio de Bellas Artes

# data[].attributes.subject
Juan Gabriel's "Hasta Que te Conoci" at el Palacio de Bellas Artes

# data[].attributes.body
Juan Gabriel's performance of his song "Hasta Que te Conoci" live at el Palacio de Bellas Artes is critically acclaimed and criticized by the upper class. His excessive performance and gestures either elevated the performance experience for some of the audience or were angry and disgusted by performing the way he did at a place held in high regard. I think his performance is phenomenal and I love some of his mannerisms, which include jump roping with the microphone cord.

# data[].attributes.body
Through performances, a community is created. La Guillot’s performance of one of her songs captivated the audience so much that they didn’t seem to listen to the song or seem to care to (Quiroga 2000, 148). The audience in this case are reacting and responding to La Guillot’s performance through acts such as laughing. Consequently, La Guilloot “appeals to the melodrama” which creates a cycle of feedback that builds a community around the performance, in this case a “sentimental community” (Quiroga 2000,148). These communities are built upon identities conveyed through the performance from the artist, but also through the interactions and reactions of the audience.

# data[].attributes.headline
Chapter 6 of Musical ImagiNation by Cepeda

# data[].attributes.subject
Chapter 6 of Musical ImagiNation by Cepeda

# data[].attributes.body
Music videos changed the way for artists to express not only themselves but cultures, genders, sexuality, and overall complex narratives and themes. One example mentioned within the chapter is Shakira's "La Tortura", which explored cheating, and toxic relationships, but also underneath the face value themes, perspectives, and views about not only women in Colombian culture but perhaps in any cultural sphere. Music videos and the rise of their popularity especially in the early 2000s reinvented music and trends within music.

# data[].attributes.body
With many musical choices being made by artists within their pieces, they are all done for a reason either for expressions of themselves and culture or themes.

# data[].attributes.headline
O Que E Que a Baiana Tem - Carmen Miranda 

# data[].attributes.subject
O Que E Que a Baiana Tem - Carmen Miranda 

# data[].attributes.body
The song puts Bahian women on a pedestal that presents them almost as a commodity to sell the culture or for Americans to invest in them, which I think becomes more evident when considering how they created the character of Chiquita Banana after what appears to be Bahian culture. It appeared that the interest in Bahian culture only came from a interest in their exotic status rather than what the culture had to offer.

# data[].attributes.body
D'ante McCurty

Ulises Meija

Jake Lopez

Jennifer Mejia-Garcia