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Memory is our ability to recall information. The main two categories for memories are short-term and long-term. Memories are not stored in a single location in the brain.

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Short term refers to the capacity of holding small amounts of information in an active readily state for a brief amount of time.

Short term memory plays a pivotal role in daily functioning, allowing the human to store and manipulate information.

Short term memory serves as the temporary workspace for information processing, bridging sensory input and long term storage.

We also know that stress, fatigue, sleep deprivation and the feeling of being overwhelmed can contribute to short-term memory loss and forgetfulness(Marshall, MD, 2022).

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Short term memory plays a crucial role in the educational learning environments for information retention, active learning, and language acquisition.

Short term memory allows students to temporarily hold information needed for tasks, such as solving math problems, following multi-step instructions, or understanding new concepts during lectures.

By recognizing the importance of short-term memory, educators can develop strategies that enhance learning, making it easier for students to process and retain information.

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Long-term memory plays a crucial role in educational learning environments for the retention of knowledge, connection of concepts, skill development and critical thinking.

A mindset oriented toward lifelong learning is fostered by the development of good long-term memory skills. People are more likely to learn and adapt throughout their lives when they are able to retain and expand upon prior knowledge.

Learning outcomes and overall experiences can be greatly enhanced by implementing techniques that support long-term memory, such as meaningful connections, spaced repetition, and active involvement.

Students' confidence and motivation can increase when they are successful in remembering material. They are more likely to continue participating in the learning process when they can recall and apply the knowledge they have learned.

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Memory formation is a dynamic and complex interplay of various brain structures and processes that work together to encode, consolidate, store, and retrieve information.

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Trauma can alter the structure and function of your brain in many ways.

The Triune Brain model established in the 1960's by neuroscientist Paul D. MacLean states that the brain is divided into 3 main parts, reptilian, mammalian, and neomammalian brain (Lebow, 2021).

The brain's response to trauma can complicate how memories are formed, stored, and recalled, affecting both emotional regulation and overall mental health.

Trauma can alter levels of neurotransmitters like cortisol, norepinephrine, and serotonin, which influence mood and memory processes.

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Trauma can create a complex interplay of memory disturbances, affecting both the recall of the traumatic event itself and everyday memory functioning.

The hippocampus can be affected by trauma, leading to issues with forming new memories and recalling past ones. This may result in difficulties with everyday memory tasks.

Traumatic memories may be stored differently than non-traumatic memories, often being more emotional and visceral. This can result in a strong emotional reaction even when the person is not consciously thinking about the trauma.

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** Improving memory and retention in professional settings, especially for learners who have experienced trauma, requires thoughtful strategies.

Multisensory learning, chunking, and repetition are reliable strategies to improve memory and retention with learners who have experienced trauma.

Utilizing multisensory techniques to engage different senses in the learning process. Combining visual aids (like diagrams and videos), auditory materials (like discussions and podcasts), and kinesthetic activities (like hands-on tasks) can enhance memory retention. This approach can help learners process information more effectively.

Chunking and repetition breaks information into smaller, manageable chunks and encourage spaced repetition. This can involve reviewing material at increasing intervals rather than cramming.

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Lebow, H. I. (2021, July 2). How does PTSD affect the brain? the physical effects of trauma. Psych Central. https://psychcentral.com/ptsd/the-science-behind-ptsd-symptoms-how-trauma-changes-the-brain#trauma-and-the-brain

Marshall, MD, M. (2022). Memory. Harvard Health. https://www.health.harvard.edu/topics/memory#memory0