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Educating the client regarding the HIV infection.

Educating the client regarding the Medication and possible side effects.

Education of Access of specialist when needed.

Ensuring the importance of taking medication on time.

Ensuring of keep in touch with the health care provider.

Educating the Patient where reveal of HIV infection is necessary like visiting a dentist.

Educating regarding the prevention of spread of HIV infection.

Educating the importance of healthy diet

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Use of alcohol or drugs before sex.

Not using an HIV prevention method during sex.

Mate with multiple partners.

Sharing needles, syringes, or other drug injection equipment.

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus

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HIV Antibody Test (Immunoassay) -

Lab Value: Reported as non-reactive (negative) or reactive (positive).

Western Blot Test -

Lab Value: Positive or negative based on the presence of specific bands corresponding to HIV proteins.

HIV Nucleic Acid Tests (NAT) -

Lab Value: Quantifies the amount of viral RNA in the blood (viral load).

CD4 T-Cell Count -

Lab Value: Normal range is typically between 500 and 1,200 cells/mm³. A lower count indicates a weakened immune system.

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Weight Loss: Significant and unexplained weight loss can happen; this is frequently brought on by the ongoing infections and altered metabolism linked to advanced HIV/AIDS.

Chronic Diarrhea: People with AIDS frequently experience severe and persistent diarrhea, which is frequently brought on by infections like microsporidiosis or cryptosporidiosis.

Skin Conditions: A number of skin conditions can present themselves, such as rashes, fungal infections, and Kaposi's sarcoma, an HIV/AIDS-related malignancy.

Opportunistic Cancers: People with AIDS are more likely to develop several cancers, including invasive cervical cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma.

Hematological Abnormalities: HIV can cause diseases like neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia by affecting the bone marrow.

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Inflammation that can damage spinal cord and brain.

Chronic Psychiatric disorders

Viral Hepatitis

Lymphoma

C.O.P.D, Lung cancer

Cardiovascular disease

Endocarditis

Gingivitis

Osteopenia

Papulosquamous disorders

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The goals of interprofessional management for patients living with HIV infection include keeping an eye on the immune system and the course of the disease, treating and preventing opportunistic infections, managing infection symptoms, preventing complications, and preventing HIV from spreading to other people.

These goals can only be achieved through ongoing assessment, consistent patient interaction, and patient education and support. Nurses take part in all of these aspects of patient care.

Antiretroviral therapy, or ART, is the drugs used to treat HIV infection in order to lower the virus load, keep CD4 cell counts within normal ranges, avoid HIV-related symptoms, slow the disease's development, and stop the infection from spreading.

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Polygamy, in which the husband or one or more of the wives are infected can increase the risk of HIV being contacted

"Inheritance rights," in which brothers or other male adult relatives are forced to wed the wife of a male cousin who has passed away from AIDS.

Both circumcision and excision, in the event that the tools are not well cleaned can lead to HIV.

Men's ritualistic deflowering and sexual abuse of women, girls, and children can lead to HIV.

Practices of dry sex intended to heighten the pleasure of sex

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Antiretroviral therapy which includes different medications

Integrase Inhibitors – Raltegravir

Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor - Emtricitabine, Abacavir, Tenofovir

Protease inhibitors - Atazanavir, Darunavir, Ritonavir

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors - Nevirapine, Efavirenz, Etravirine

Entry inhibitors - Maraviroc, Enfuvirtide

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A well-rounded diet - Have a diet rich in whole grains, lean meats, healthy fats, and a variety of fruits and vegetables.

Hydration - Maintain adequate hydration to promote general health and help handle any possible drug adverse effects.

The Fatty Acids Omega-3 - Add foods high in omega-3 fatty acids, like walnuts, flaxseeds, chia seeds, and fatty fish (like mackerel and salmon).

Foods High in Fiber - To promote digestive health, include foods high in fiber, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes.

Probiotics - To maintain gut health, think about consuming probiotic-rich foods like yogurt or taking probiotic supplements.

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Men, culture and HIV/AIDS. (n.d.). https://data.unaids.org/pub/brochurepamphlet/2001/20010912_men_culture_hiv_en.pdf

HIV: Nursing diagnoses, care plans, Assessment & Interventions. NurseTogether. https://www.nursetogether.com/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). HIV and youth. Retrieved May 17, 2021, from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/age/youth/index.html

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The etiology of AIDS lies in the transmission and subsequent infection of CD4 T lymphocytes, a crucial component of the immune system, by the HIV. The virus primarily spreads through unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing of contaminated needles among intravenous drug users, and from an infected mother to her child during childbirth or breastfeeding.

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The pathophysiology of AIDS is characterized by the depletion of CD4 cells, resulting in a state of immunodeficiency. This compromised immune function renders individuals with AIDS highly susceptible to opportunistic infections and certain cancers that would typically be controlled by a healthy immune system.