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1.0 5 ETHNICS

1. Kadazan Dusun
2. Iban
3. Semang (Orang Asli)
4. Bidayuh
5. Dayak

2.0 Cultural Awareness

3.0 References

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Cosmas, G., Sombuling, A., Anderson AK Melai, B., & Poninting, A.

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Referring to the highlighted article above, Kadazandusun traditional outfit allow to be easily distinguished from other ethnic groups  costumes (Doksil 2016).
The three sets of hip belts known as "tangkung" and "himpogot" belts made of silver coins are worn with the traditional Kadazandusun outfits for women. Besides, the "sigar" is a head covering worn by men, while women use hats or scarves. Lots of academics thought that the hue black represented strength that could ward off evil spirits, while others thought it complemented the way of life of the ethnic group whose ancestors had lived in a natural state. (Mohd Said 2018).

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https://images.app.goo.gl/tDKJNdPNT2ZHHDdNA

From the image that shown above taken from the link above, we can see that Iban men wear waistcloths called sirats or chawats, which are embroidered with natural materials or dyed with cotton fabrics in shades of red or blue. Additionally, feathers are added to a cap made of woven cane or a beautifully designed Labong to enhance the wearer's visual appeal.
The ladies dress in long, knee-length garments known as bidang, or petticoats. The belts work as corsets and are made of a sequence of split rattan rings onto which brass rings are threaded. The belts are then wrapped around the waist. The clothing will be accessorised with a jacket or Kalambi, whose fabric is longer than that of men's. The top of the bidang fabric will be embellished with a girdle made of coins, silver and brass chains, or strips of coloured cane; the neck will be adorned with a necklace made of tanggok or beads, cane, and silver coins. In keeping with the outfit, the Iban woman also dons the bulky earrings (Haddon & Start, 1936).

I can highlight that Iban traditional clothing are famous with their accessories all over their outfit from head to toe such as the silver coins which differentiate with other ethnics.

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https://images.app.goo.gl/aJiLZsdhKjJRbeESA

By the highlighted pdf and picture that been attached above , the Semang Kensiu sub-group of Orang Asli in Lubok Legong, the Semang Kensiu Orang Asli community in the northern state of Kedah, Malaysia. The primary focus of the Semang group of Orang Asli in Peninsular Malaysia. The Semang belong to the Northern Aslian group and are the smallest subgroup of Orang Asli in Peninsular Malaysia (Benjamin, 2012). At least 25,000 years ago, the Semang people arrived in Peninsular Malaysia, making them the oldest group. The traditional outfit is not really specific but the image shown how semang orang asli  wear. They wear a normal shirt inside and cover by ‘kain batik’ and some accessories of leave in their waise down to their toe. Also they wear an accessories on their head made by some green leaf.

I can highlight that semang orang asli wearing everything from nature of tree.

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Referring to the highlighted article pdf above, the short-sleeved or sleeveless blouse. A skirt which called the "jomuh" , and complementary accessories like the "selapai" (sash), "pangiah" (bead necklace), "porik" (copper/metal belt), and "sipiah" (headgear) make up the traditional Bidayuh costume ensemble for ladies traditional wear. The “pangiah” (bead necklace) is made of high quality ceramic beads and pendants that is worn around the neck. Its pendants are either from the tooth of wild animals or artificial tooth that add a modern touch to the necklace. It is a very colourful rows of beads stitched/tied together with strings of nylon or small wires stripe. It is an ideal accessory for Bidayuh women which can be worn during official functions, cultural dinners and also for everyday use.
While the men dress in "burang sumba" (headgear), "tawuop" or "tahup" (long loincloth wrapped around the body with one end falling down in front and the other at the back), and occasionally "kima" (armlets). Extremely useful for wearing to formal meetings, dinners, and celebrations like Gawai. The Bidayuh community's colors—black with white and red stripes—are used in the design of the vest. The stripe's addition of yellow gives the vest a more vivid appearance. (Zhi bin, Cheah, 2014)

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https://images.app.goo.gl/EH1jxwHGNWveJq447

As i can analyse by the image shown above from the link, Dayak man dressed as "King Baba." King means garments, while Baba means men in Dayak language. The kapuo ampuro plant's bark or wood is used to make these clothes. The bark is hammered and then rolled in water. The skin is bent, let to dry, and then painted with traditional Dayak designs using natural colours. The bark is shaped to resemble a pair of trousers and a sleeveless vest. Bark fibre was also fashioned into a headband-like decoration. Not to be overlooked, traditional weapons like the sabre and shield are equally vulnerable, particularly in times of conflict.
Clothes for Indigenous Women Dayak wear traditional clothes the same as males. Women's bespoke Dayak, Kalimantan Barat apparel is also manufactured using the same material and technique. On the other hand, the designs are more courteous, featuring a variety of accessories such necklaces, beads, and hornbill feather ornaments on his head, in addition to topless, stagen, and cloth subordinates. Jewellery items worn are: a jarat hand, or bracelet, on the hand serves as a means of repelling reinforcements and bolstering one's spirit. It is fashioned from spun tengang plant roots. A necklace made of materials like wood or leather roots (bone) is worn, particularly on babies, as a preventative measure against animal spirits being disturbed.

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The need to be aware means it is IMPORTANT! After analysing all the artefacts that i have compiled, i could see that every each of the ethnics i choose have a different kind of unique and speciality that they want to emphasize their culture that have been made from a decade ago. Everybody need to be aware of how it is differentiate. Kadazan dusun have their traditional clothing from the idea of their anchestors while iban is full with silver coins accessories around the cloth. Semang orang asli want people to be aware of their culture of how their life have been all this time by making their traditional wear with full of leaf basically concept of nature. Last but not least is bidayuh and dayak from Sarawak. Both of their traditional clothing are designated so neatly and properly i can see that they really use their traditional cloth to be seen firmly stand for their culture.

Cultural awareness is a complex idea that include a profound comprehension and admiration of the diverse array of human cultures. Its such a need for every society to be aware of the subtle differences in the customs, beliefs, values, and behaviours. Thus, everyone could respect any sensitive issue in every culture of ethnics to the manner in which these aspects influence both individual and societal identities.  It also can lead to an improvement of a growth in understanding and compassion for others from all backgrounds, honouring their traditions and customs. Also, managing cultural differences with respect and curiosity. I really hope our culture will forever remain strong from every ethnics since it have been existing since long time ago created specially from the heart of our anchestors. We live in one society multiracial life so its beautiful to see each of different ethnics appreciating and enjoying wearing their traditional clothing.

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Cosmas, G., Sombuling, A., Anderson AK Melai, B., & Poninting, A. (2019). Does the Possession of a Kadazandusun Traditional Costume and the Capability to Play a Traditional Musical Instrument Differentiate an Individual’s Identity Orientation? ATHENS JOURNAL of SOCIAL SCIENCES, 6(3), 251–262. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajss.6-3-5

https://images.app.goo.gl/tDKJNdPNT2ZHHDdNA

Ghani, Alias Abd, and Salasiah Che Lah. “The Semang Kensiu Orang Asli of Lubuk Legong, Baling: Their Language and Cultural Endangerment.” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol. 208, Nov. 2015, pp. 21–30, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.177.

https://images.app.goo.gl/aJiLZsdhKjJRbeESA

Zhi bin, Cheah . “BIDAYUH TRADITIONAL COSTUMES.” Blogspot.com, 23 June 2014, sabahsarawakcostumes.blogspot.com/2014/07/bidayuh-traditional-clothing-bidayuh-is.html?m=1. Accessed 17 Apr. 2024.

https://images.app.goo.gl/EH1jxwHGNWveJq447