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The AFL was a national federation of labor unions founded in Ohio in 1886. This was created by an alliance of craft unions who no longer wished to support the Knights of Labor. Samuel Gompers was elected as the president of the organization. The AFL ran smoothly and would avoid politics in order to make life better for their workers. The AFL focused on goals such as higher wages, shorter hours, and better working conditions.

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The Knights of Labor originated as a secret society of tailors in Philadelphia in 1869. In 1879, Terence V. Powderly was elected as the grand master of the organization and would abandon the idea of secrecy. After the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, the Knights of Labor were the predominant labor organization in America.

The Knights organized workers to form a cooperative society in which laborers owned the industries. The Knights advocated for an eight-hour workday.

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Video briefly explaining Taylor's principles

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Progressivism sought to improve life for all beings. Social sciences would be implied in order to support this testament. Frederick Winslow Taylor created the concept of the scientific management theory, aka "Taylorism."  Such include data gathering, research, and psychological manipulation.

Fredrick Winslow Taylor and Scientific Management - YouTube

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Fredrick Winslow Taylor and Scientific Management

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New York police violently engaging with unemployed people in Tompkins Square Park (1874). 

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The Panic of 1873 started when the banking firm of Jay Cooke and Company went bankrupt. This set off a panic in American financial markets. The New York Stock Exchange would temporarily close, multiple banks failed, factories fired workers, and protests broke out regarding railroad strikes. America glided to an age of depression.

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Christine Frederick argued about a woman's role as consumers in an economy that mass produced products. 

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During the late 1800s, credit purchases were a trend. This allowed for more opportunities in consumer culture. Stores allowed people to purchase on credit, which would secure their business and also permit consumers to buy with no cash. Due to industrialism, a large variety of goods were available to the public. Businesses would have to compete with each-other for customers, due to this, the concept of advertisements rose. After the Progressive Era, home economist Christine Frederick published "Selling Mrs. Consumer", which taught advertisers on pitching products for American women. She would also conduct experiments to improve household efficiency for women.

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Women at work, packing syrups and fruit delicacies into glass jars. 

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During the late 1800s, the working-class folk of America would undergo rigorous labor due to industrialism. Child labor would be common due to low wages. Progressivism addressed these issues and attempted to reform them in order to improve working conditions.  Drinking was an issue, so a temperance movement was held in order to sober up workers. Settlement homes were built to aid workers and their families. Women started to work outside the home during this era. Child labor committees attempted to reform the issue through state legislatures. Laws restricting child labor would be passed, but masses of southern states resisted. Fortunately, child labor began to gradually decline during this era.