# data[].attributes.body
Founded in 1952 by René Ramillon and André Vincent, the Moncler brand began in the French town of Monestier-de-Clermont with the aim of producing luxury jackets and sportswear for men, women and children. Achieving this goal, the VICSEK LEATHER DOWN JACKET was created in the fashion of using calf leather, The Vicsek puffer comes in an iconic biker jacket shape. Crafted from aged calf leather, the short down jacket is enhanced with long saison lining. The genderless jacket comes in a straight cut.

# data[].attributes.body
Metal Extraction
Generally, metal occurs in a combined state, where the metal is present in nature in the form of its compounds. Then, the levigation,  to separate metal compounds along with impurities. This is the primary process and is done at high temperatures with high energy consumption.

Observation: Metals can be found mixed in soil and rocks, being called ores.

How zíper is done?
During processes such as molding and welding, and for any metal fabrication, plants and factories are used. The various stages of metal fabrication include cutting and firing, forming, machining, welding and final assembly.

Stages

1) Laser cutting in metal is a process that uses a high-powered laser beam to melt, vaporize or burn the material.

2) The metal forming process includes drawing, forging, rolling, and bending. It is common the metal be heated until it reaches the liquid form, and is shaped.

3) The metal machining is the process of shaping metal, removing the unwanted material from it. This process can be performed in a variety of ways. Many machining processes exist, including drilling, turning, and milling.

4) Welding joins metals by melting and fusing, typically with the addition of a welding filler metal. To fuse the metals, you apply a concentrated heat directly to the joint area.

environmental impacts and Social Impacts

The metal extraction occurs in the vegetation, that is removed to make way for open-pit mining, also initiating another environmental impact, the exposure of soils, which lose their fertility and are exposed to erosive. Any of this alternations activity in the biological, physical and chemical of the environment, results in a social impact also. Affecting the humanity health, environmental sources, causing sound pollution, air pollution and water pollution.

Alternatives

1) reduction of environmental liabilities created by premature disposal of equipment, for example, promote the efficient use of resources, recycle materials and involve local communities in the decision-making process.

2) Increased rigidity in safety parameters and, importantly, the need to invest in advanced, clean technologies, as well as guaranteeing standards for biodiversity conservation.

3) The creation of emergency protocols, that is, to reduce the leakage of toxic substances, landslides, etc.

# data[].attributes.body
is a type of leather obtained by tanning the skin of young cows, usually less than 3 years old, to create a soft leather with unique properties, and is widely used in the fashion industry. Calfskin is known for its grain quality, softness, durability and flexibility. It is also lightweight, making it a suitable material for accessories such as bags, wallets and shoes.

how is done?
Calfskin is made through a process called tanning, which transforms rawhide into a durable, versatile, and imperishable material called leather. The tanning process may involve treating the leather with chemicals to create a material that is resistant to water, heat, and other environmental factors.

environmental impacts
One of the main consequences of calf leather is the enormous amounts of production generating enormous amounts of manure and slaughterhouse waste, requiring intensive water consumption, polluting water, air and soil.

social impacts
Some of the social impacts caused by calf leather are that it is very expensive and only produced by designer brands, averaging €611.17, bringing a huge impact on the economy.

calf leather alternatives
Animal leather has several raw materials ranging from synthetic, organic laminates, cork, cotton, PET and even paper, making it much more sustainable than calf leather itself.

# data[].attributes.body
With the rise of the internet and new technologies, the consumer society is increasingly speeding up its processes for certain products, so that its consumers receive their belongings more quickly. The main factor is the internet, which is increasingly influencing and publicizing these items and making promotions for consumers to buy. According to Web giants' profits and market capitalization surveys, 2017-2018 saw a huge increase, especially in Apple's consumption, with an average of 826 billion dollars in the only on this store, with Apple alone representing 40% of the total consuming in 2017-2018
One example is cotton, which through the stages of extraction, transformation and distribution is causing various problems for the environment and the soil, resulting in health problems such as bisinosis, excessive use of agrochemicals and the degradation of the soil and groundwater by conventional agriculture compromising its renewal.

# data[].attributes.body
Claf Leather

https://buyleatheronline.com/en/blog/calfskin-leather-full-guide-n97
https://www.greenmatters.com/style/is-leather-bad-for-the-environment https://useahimsa.com/material-do-futuro#:~:text=Os%20materiais%20alternativos%20ao%20couro,at%C3%A9%20ao%20papel%2C%20por%20exemplo.
https://buyleatheronline.com/en/blog/calfskin-leather-full-guide-n97

Velvet

https://www.ecycle.com.br/seda/

https://agriculture.basf.com/br/pt/conteudos/cultivos-e-sementes/algodao/ciclo-colher.html

https://revistacultivar.com.br/artigos/sistemas-de-colheita-de-algodao

https://www.ecycle.com.br/algodao/#

https://www.metropoles.com/colunas/ilca-maria-estevao/estudo-analisa-os-impactos-da-producao-de-algodao-poliester-e-viscose

https://sewport.com/fabrics-directory/velvet-fabric

Metal

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/metal-forming#:~:text=Metal%20forming%20is%20a%20primary,forces%2C%20and%20better%20surface%20finish.

https://www.xometry.com/resources/machining/types-of-machining-processes/#:~:text=The%20metal%20fabrication%20method%20called,drilling%2C%20turning%2C%20and%20milling.

https://blog.hita.com.br/como-diminuir-os-impactos-ambientais-causados-pela-mineracao-conheca-as-solucoes-da-hita-belzona/

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/in-in-class-10-chemistry-india/x87dd2847d57ee419:in-in-metals-and-non-metals/x87dd2847d57ee419:occurrence-of-metals/v/extraction-of-metals-metals-and-non-metals-chemistry-khan-academy

https://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/60190?locale=es.

https://byjus.com/question-answer/comment-on-native-and-combined-states-of-metals/

https://armac.com.br/blog/mineracao/metais-ferrosos/#

Consumer Society

https://espace-mondial-atlas.sciencespo.fr/en/topic-strategies-of-transnational-actors/article-3A10-EN-internet-giants-and-the-media.html
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/19lN7PSvGMmgk2YYGX0Dmd6Kt-T6g_6vqdKGlWjLfb3o/edit#slide=id.g21630c9d97b_0_44

Jacket

https://haco.com.br/blog/a-marca-das-marcas-moncler/#:~:text=Fundada%20em%201952%2C%20na%20cidade,de%20Monestier%2Dde%2DClermont

# data[].attributes.body
How velvet is made ?

Velvet is a fabric is produced in Asia mostly on India and China. It is mainly made by silk, but it can include others materials like cotton.

SILK

-How is extracted ?

The silk is extracted from the silkworm, that is a type of lizard who uses her cocoon to make the silk threads.

The lizard feeds his self with mulberry leaves , then they create a protein in their cocoon, this process take around 2 to 3 days.

So that the animals don't damage the silk, they introduce hot water that kill the larvae and remove the sericin gum

The filaments are connect, which allows the silk fabric to form

-Environmental impacts

The energy: the lizards need one specific temperature for its production, so the production requires a large amount of energy for air conditioning and humidity control

The use of harmful chemicals: The chemicals are used in a lot of the parts of the production, such as on the cleaning and dying part

animals feeding part: for one kilo of silk is needed 187 kilos of mulberry leaves, so for the mulberry leaves to grow feaster the farmers use some substances with ends up destroying the soil

- Social impacts

The country's that produce silk are low labor cost countries, this can result in exploitation of workers and child labor

some of the workers can be exposed to the toxins used

- silk alternative

nylon and polyester are some synthetic wires that reduce the animals suffering but still have environmental impact

CONTTON

- How is produced and extracted

The cultivation cycle from cotton lasts 4 to 7 months it have 4 phases : germination and emergence, seeding establishment, leaf area and canopy development and flower and boll development

Germination and emergence: is the phase that the plant start to emerge from the soil and start to grow until is 2.5 meters long, this processes takes around 35 to 45 days

Seeding establishment: after the plant has developed her first flower bud, she begging this new phase called seeding establishment and the buds spread throughout the plant and this last 35 to 45 days

Leaf area and canopy development : it begins with opening of the flower bud on the fruit branch, it lasts 40 to 55 days

Boll development: its marked by the opening of the hoods and the appearance of fibers , this happens until all the branches are full

They have two types of extraction the manual but the most used way is the mechanic, it was created cause they didn't have enough labor and because of the climate conditions. For most famous method of mechanic extraction is called stripper, is a big comb that pluck away the hoods and this movement forces the fiber to detach

-Environmental impacts

They use a lot of transgenics this requires a lot of water, energy and the pesticides. Which ends up destroying the soil

- Social impacts

Cotton is one of the main materials used to make close, so effect directly the population

Cotton is responsible for 10% of the total volume of pesticides, and the super consumerism has a directly connection with the super produce of cotton. They produce a lot to sell a lot, because every day is a new trend and the fashion industry change really fast

- Cotton alternative

A sustainable alternative is the organic cotton that is 100% natural made with solar energy and rainwater

# data[].attributes.body
Since 1950, the degradation of the environment has been considerably accelerated by human activities, causing global warming, deforestation, pollution of the oceans, massive erosion of biodiversity and the extinction of several species.