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Communication innovations like the internet revolutionized global communication by connecting people across continents. Email, social media, and instant messaging allowed for real-time interactions.

Mobile devices provided the more instant concept of communication, and Satellites made it possible for the said forms of communication to be long-distance, and provided navigation also.

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Economic globalization is the the trade of goods, services, technology, ideas, capitol flows and anything relating too the economy on a global scale. Normally when economic globalization is arisen economy's of places become more independent and said factors are spiked. Economic globalization is very vital to country's as it can boost economic growth and support people on a local and larger scales.

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Globalization has increased the time-space convergence of the world, making it easier to share the same products, ideas, and culture. While this is great for economic growth, it creates cultural homogenization. This poses a threat to folk culture because it causes a decrease of cultural identity. Because Western culture is heavily dominated, this results in cultural convergence or more so assimilation, which is when a group's cultural features begin to resemble those of another (usually the dominant one).

To combat this issue some countries have attempted to limit or ban the use of social media and/or block TV.

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One of the first examples of globalization was the Colombian exchange. The Colombian Exchange was the process by which goods, people, and diseases were exchanged between the New and Old World. The New World consisted of the Americas, while the Old World consisted of Africa, Asia, and Europe.

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The origins of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic are uncertain, but it is thought by most that it came from the US or Europe in early 1918. The virus spread globally due to the movement of troops during World War 1, crowded living standards, and limited healthcare knowledge on transmission. The virus killed 50-100 million people, with an unusual number of cases among young, healthy adults.

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Malaria is known as the disease of poverty, as it disproportionately affects impoverished regions. Malaria is spread through bites from infected mosquitoes and is now considered both preventable and curable. Despite this poor countries continue to face high mortality rates because of the disease. Insufficiency and lack of access to healthcare, as well as uneven development in these societies are making the disease more persistent.

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The number of supranational organizations has risen over the years in order to combat the increase in globalization. Because of the interconnection that exists between the social, political, and economic systems of various countries conflict will often arise, and supranational organizations can help facilitate these issues. Some supranational organizations are: The World Bank, International Monetary Fund, and the United Nations.

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The United Nations is a supranational organization that was created after World War 2, with two intentions: to prevent war and to facilitate cooperation. 2 of the several bodies formed by the UN were the General Assembly and the Security Council. The General Assembly is responsible for creating and discussing policies implemented in the UN and consists of representatives from all member countries. The Security Council is responsible for peace keeping, and is made up of 5 permanent members, and 10 rotating representatives from other member countries.

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Globalization has led to large patterns of deforestation worldwide. This occurs because of the increase in urbanization, which has led to urban sprawl. As urban areas expand, forest land must be cleared to support the growing infrastructure. Deforestation also occurs because of agribusiness. Large commercial farms need land to plant crops and raise livestock.

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Globalization of industry has led to large amounts of air pollution. This is because of the dependency on fossil fuels to run factories for manufacturing. Globalization has also led to increased competition over fresh water. Due to the population growth seen today, the limited amount of freshwater goes towards agriculture, leaving developing countries with scarce amounts of freshwater for their people.

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https://library.fiveable.me/ap-world/unit-9/review/study-guide/siWOkCrJMK3KuWqO2mQ3

https://theproductiveteacher.com/world-history/the-1918-flu-pandemic-for-ap-world-history/#:~:text=The%201918%20influenza%20pandemic%2C%20often,every%20corner%20of%20the%20world.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m6cQW5WpceY

https://theproductiveteacher.com/world-history/malaria-for-ap-world-history/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYyy3hIFhhg&list=PLEHRHjICEfDXnx-yOpgjNqEHQISXjk4at&index=3

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MNCs are companies that operate in multiple countries with subsidiaries, branches, or production facilities abroad.

They play a extreme role in globalization with their help in investment, production, supply chains and cultural exchange. These bring in capital, technology, and overall expertise. Their products and services introduce cultural elements worldwide, all while establish factories or office jobs globally.

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Trade Agreements are formal formal pacts between countries to facilitate trade by reducing barriers.

Agreements lower import tariffs, promoting cross-border trade. They also provide access to larger consumer bases. Agreements harmonize regulations and standards within, and form regional blocs like NAFTA, EU, and ASEAN.

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Financial markets encompass stock exchanges, bond markets, and currency markets.

They influence globalization with their capital flows, foreign direct investments, currency exchanges, and risk management.

Financial markets enable the movement of capital across borders. Investors allocate funds globally, supporting economic development. Forex markets facilitate international transactions, and hedging tools protect against currency fluctuations.

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Social globalization is the process of the world wide spread of how factors impact certain society's in life. This can be recognized on a family level, life of people in workforce and even societies on a large scale such as communities. Social globalization can encourage tremendous changes in which some can be beneficial to the the workforce and can even go as far as communication between people.

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Economical globalization examines the concerns of environmental issues over the world. This can be classified into population growth, access to food (for example food deserts), and worldwide biodiversity scales. Ecological globalization might not seem very important but it covers a variety of aspects that other forms of globalization might not.

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Cultural globalization is the phenomena of the spread of ideas, art, clothing, languages, customs/norms, and cultural products and aspects. Cultural globalization might also factor in specific things such as food. Although very similar too social globalization cultural globalization is more on the "folk" side. Cultural globalization can influence many things in specific groups and spread to places through various methods of diffusion as well as every other form of globalization can.

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Political globalization occurs with the process of the ideas being spread by the government. Political globalization can also be the rising power of federal organizations such as supranational organizations, world banks and other forms of governance. Political globalization is significant because they keep everything in a certain area functioning whether its economically, socially, culturally, etc.

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Sociological globalization deals with the connection between worlds in terms of time and space. For instance, sociological globalization brings up processes such as distance decay, time space compression and more time related theory's. Time space compression expresses the idea that with advancements in technology communication will become more easily accessible and faster. This related to sociological globalization in the sense that it deal with the entire world and its relation between time and space.

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A wide variety of educational practices, policies, and academic/professional opportunities have been made due to globalization in education. Because of the internet students are able to gain access to variety of materials, research, and educational content rather than being limited due to national borders. Unifying education systems exposes students to different cultural, social, and political perspectives. This not only increases partnerships and collaboration, but also brings multicultural awareness to other concerns and situations around the world.

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As we continue to expand globally, there are negative effects that we are putting on our environment. As the distance a product travels increases, the amount of greenhouse gas emission also increases. This issue has contributed to air pollution, and global warming, as well as climate change. Another problem is the habitual destruction to animals in the wild. The development of new infrastructure creates greater risks for spillage of toxic chemicals, leading to the extinction of some species.

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Globalization enables the rapid exchange of ideas through communication technologies. Scientist, scholars, and thinkers collaborate globally, bringing forth new inventions and the like.

Innovations in one part of the world can quickly inspire and benefit others. Think of how open-source software or medical breakthroughs spread globally.

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Because the cost to transport raw materials has decreased, businesses can focus on branching out their products. Corporations are also able to save money by outsourcing. Consumers benefit from lower prices with high quality because companies experience more competition. Globalization has made it easier to expand overseas and gain access to new markets.

This is known for introducing healthy foods into new places, but is also a potential risk for diabetes.

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Technological globalization is the spread of technology and its advancements around the world. In society technology has contributed to having a severe impact on the world even determining it a country's development. As this is happening technological globalization is on then rise and helping out country's of all types. Therefore, technological globalization will continue to occur and provide benefits to many places around the world.

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Terrorism is the use of force or violence against persons or property in violation of the criminal laws of the United States for purposes of intimidation, coercion, or ransom. Globalization could be a known factor for terrorism. Advancements in technologies make it easier for terrorists to promote their ideas on a global scale. Due to the interconnectedness, terrorism can be more easily spread, especially through social media. For example, The Islamic State of Syria and Iraq recruited soldiers from other countries to take part in terrorist attacks through the internet.

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https://www.wita.org/ustrade/basics-of-trade/economic-globalization/#:~:text=Economic%20globalization%20involves%20trade%20in,flows%20of%20labor%20or%20migration.

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-introductiontosociology/chapter/media-globalization/#:~:text=Technological%20globalization%20is%20accelerated%20in,spread%20of%20technology%20across%20borders.

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/globalization-effects-on-environment

https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-globalization-of-politics-american-foreign-policy-for-a-new-century/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/cultural-globalization#:~:text=Fordist%20accumulation%20regime.-,Cultural%20globalisation%20refers%20to%20the%20flow%20of%20information%2C%20people%2C%20cultural,flows%20at%20the%20global%20scale.

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As people continue to migrate more often, they are more likely to spread diseases to others. Ex. HIV and SARS

Even though this may seem like a negative, globalization has also extended our range of international donors, which has been known to improve life expectancy. Women (especially in developing countries) now have greater access to education and contraceptives. This has been known to decrease fertility rates, since it is no longer cost efficient to have a large amount of children. For instance, my great grandmother had an 8th grade education and had 13 children. My grandmother had a college education and had two children.

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Internationalization refers to the process of designing a software application or product that can be adapted to various languages and regions without the need for engineering changes. It allows one product to to be modified instead of several others, gives a better understanding of other cultures, and is able to service different languages. Internationalization can also have legal compliance issues, increased cost, and can take more time. Globalization describes how trade and technology has made the world more interconnected. It allows access to a wide range of markets, improves living standards, and promotes trades/investments. Globalization can create cultural homogenization, spread diseases, and boost economic inequality.

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https://jihaneziyan.medium.com/globalization-and-its-impact-on-cultural-identity-an-analysis-9e531b22f66e

https://www.skvgwalior.org/blog/impact-of-globalization-on-education/#:~:text=Globalisation%20in%20education%20is%20the,utilise%20the%20international%20educational%20treasure.

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/globalization-effects-on-environment

https://researchfdi.com/resources/articles/the-effects-of-globalization-on-economic-development/#:~:text=Increased%20competition%3A,higher%20quality%20products%20for%20consumers.

https://lanpdt.com/the-impact-of-globalization-on-global-product-development/

un.org

https://www.mastercardcenter.org/insights/article/how-globalization-and-technological-change-affect-gender-equality

https://digitalcommons.newhaven.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1180&context=masterstheses

https://testbook.com/key-differences/difference-between-internationalization-and-globalization#:~:text=Internationalization%20and%20globalization%20are%20related%20concepts%20that%20refer%20to%20the,of%20different%20countries%20and%20regions.

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Pros of Globalization include access to new markets, a boost to global economic growth, increased competition, and the spread of knowledge and technology around the world. As it stands today, Globalization has brought in a widespread of opportunities and new concepts for use around the world. Globalization's ability to spread markets, trade, and knowledge globally helps bring in new opportunities around the world.

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Incorporating elements of Linguistic diversity, globalization connects people who speak different languages. English, as a Lingua Franca, plays a significant role in international communication.

Words and phrases from various languages also enrich vocabulary. For example, "sushi" (from Japanese) or "entrepreneur" (from French).

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Cons for Globalization include economic inequality, which increases the severity of economic disparities between different nations. Other countries might benefit from the increased trade and investment from globalization, while other may struggle to compete, leaving countries to have uneven developments. Another example of a con is the threat to local industries, as global markets open up, the local businesses by them may struggle to compete with these companies, often leading to many local businesses to utterly shut down.

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Relating to food and cuisine, globalization introduces diverse foods and cooking techniques. Sushi, pizza, and curry are now enjoyed worldwide.

Fashion trends influenced by global media cross borders. Traditional clothing like kimonos or saris gain international recognition through globalization.

Artists blend various cultural elements creating many types of fusion music, dance, and visual art.

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The diffusion of popular culture is the spread of cultural elements such as entertainment, music, and fashion, and these elements are spread across different societies and regions. Globalization, with the use of electronic communication, international travel, and more have standardized the use of cultural expressions globally. Popular culture from a part of the world can quickly spread and influence people across the world.

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https://www.studocu.com/en-us/document/lawrence-central-high-school/ap-human-geography/chapter-9-study-guide/78299161

https://quizlet.com/124308998/ap-human-geography-chapter-9-development-study-guide-flash-cards/

https://www.appracticeexams.com/ap-human-geography/notes/

https://apcentral.collegeboard.org/media/pdf/ap-human-geography-syllabus-development-guide-2021.pdf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RjbRcNSsT6Y

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Globalization represents the active growth of connectivity and rapid economic, cultural, and institutional integration in world cultures and populations.

Globalization is driven by modern technological advances and how we communicate, resulting in the exchange of resources, products, and culture.

Overall, globalization gives the world more accessibility internationally.

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Cultural exchange is which different societies and individuals interact, adapt to elements from other cultures, and share knowledge and information. In the modern age, the world becomes more interconnected and various cultures engage in cross-cultural interactions, this enables the exchange of customs, views and traditions. Through travelling, communication, or collaborations, Globalization is a main part of cultural exchange as it creates opportunities for cultural exchange by its ability to enable flows of ideas, goods, and cultural expressions across countries.

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Globalization's economic impact enables countries to access larger markets and diverse resources. This increases trade and investment opportunities and enhances productivity and competitiveness throughout the world. Globalization's impact also leads to economic disparities, because some of it's benefits are uneven, for example income inequality.

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Globalization enables sustainability by managing the spread of environmental-friendly technologies and practices across borders, which encourages business to adopt to better methods. The allocation of resources is also promoted by globalization and influences international collaboration on environmental changes, for example, pollution. As a whole, globalization helps nations switch to more sustainable processes.

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https://www.piie.com/microsites/globalization/what-is-globalization

https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/Articles/2018/04/09/globalization-helps-spread-knowledge-and-technology-across-borders

https://quizlet.com/497452855/chapter-4-questions-flash-cards/

https://greenheart.org/blog/greenheart-international/what-is-cultural-exchange/

https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/022615/what-effect-has-globalization-had-international-investments.asp