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Storming is a stage of group development where individuals define their roles, norms, and boundaries within the group. It is marked by conflicts, disagreements, and difficulties. Members of the group compete for influence and control during this stage, which frequently results in a power struggle that causes stress and may even break the group's cohesiveness. Storming is a normal and essential stage for the group to move toward more productive collaboration since it facilitates objective and expectation structure as well as conflict resolution. When the storming stage is navigated successfully, the group's trust, cohesiveness, and productivity can all grow.

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The performing stage is the peak of group development, characterized by high efficiency, cohesion, and a focus on achieving shared goals. At this stage, members have established strong relationships, trust, and mutual respect, allowing them to work together seamlessly. They are fully committed to the group's mission and are able to collaborate effectively, leveraging each other's strengths while respecting individual differences. Additionally, there is a heightened awareness of the group's processes and dynamics, with members actively seeking ways to improve teamwork, communication, and problem-solving strategies. Leaders in the performing stage transition into coaching roles, guiding members towards further growth and development while ensuring the group remains productive and harmonious.

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Norming, also known as the initial integration stage, is the third phase in group development, wherein trust plays a crucial role because it fosters productive cooperation and decision-making. During this stage, variations of opinion are acknowledged, information is shared openly, and there is a growing sense of cohesion among team members. With this, as the team develops, its needs and the skills of its members determine which members will take on the leadership role, resulting in a more extended leadership structure.

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For temporary groups there will always be an adjourning stage in which the activities and the group itself would be terminated. The termination can occur if the main objective of the group is achieved or if the group fails to work as a coordinated unit in the previous stages. In the adjourning stage, the endings can be challenging to its members that is why it is ideal to terminate the group in good terms through a respectful and compassionate way.

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Comparing Performing Stage to Other Stages

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Comparing Performing Stage to Other Stages

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The performing stage shares similarities with other stages of group development in several ways. Like the forming stage, where members are figuring out their roles and the group's purpose, the performing stage emphasizes clarity of tasks and goals. In both stages, there's a sense of optimism and commitment towards achieving objectives. Additionally, the performing stage resembles the norming stage in fostering cooperation and collaboration among members. Just as norms are established in the norming stage, the performing stage emphasizes effective operating procedures to accomplish tasks efficiently. Moreover, the performing stage shares similarities with the storming stage in promoting open communication and addressing conflicts constructively. Lastly, similar to the adjourning stage where activities come to an end, the performing stage also acknowledges the completion of tasks and the need to reflect on achievements before moving forward.

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Certainly, forming and norming mostly highlights the foundational aspects of the group development, since even though they have their distinct differences, they still contribute to the overall cohesiveness and effectiveness of the team through relationship building, norm establishment, etc. On the other hand, storming and norming are similar in a way that they both require effective communication as well as the ability to handle conflicts since the team in this stage resolves issues and establishes norms and expectations for collaboration. Despite having distinct focus, norming and performing stages both contribute to the efficiency and effectiveness of the team since they both share a dedication to continuous improvement, shared responsibility, and relentless focus on results. Moreover, while the team dissolves or accomplishes its task in the adjourning stage, it often reflects on its experiences and accomplishments. In the norming stage, the group creates norms and cohesion, laying the groundwork for successful collaboration. Additionally, as the dynamics of the group shift, both phases may contain feelings of loss.

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In the forming stage, a group comes together for the first time. Members may already know each other or be strangers. There is formality, anxiety, and guardedness as they are uncertain about what will happen next. Questions like acceptance, role, and power arise. Due to uncertainty, members are polite, conflict avoidant, and observant. They try to understand the "rules of the game" without being vulnerable. They may feel excited and proud to join the group. The forming stage is complete when members identify themselves as part of the group.

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Contrasting Performing Stage to Other Stages

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Contrasting Performing Stage to Other Stages

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The performing stage stands in stark contrast to the other stages of group development. Unlike the forming stage, where members are tentative and uncertain, the performing stage represents a mature, well-functioning group ready to accomplish its tasks. While in the storming stage, conflicts arise as members assert their individuality, in the performing stage, there's a sense of unity and interdependence. Moreover, in contrast to the norming stage, where the group establishes its ground rules, in the performing stage, attention shifts to executing tasks efficiently while maintaining quality and productivity. On the other hand, unlike the adjourning stage, where group activities come to an end, the performing stage is characterized by a sense of momentum and accomplishment, with members focused on achieving their goals and continually improving.

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Contrasting Performing Stage to Other Stages

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Contrasting Performing Stage to Other Stages

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Consists of disagreement and rivalry as group members start to make their voices heard. While standards may begin to take shape, they are frequently challenged and might not be completely established.

Individuals start to realize their positions within the group, which fosters an increasing awareness of unity and shared purpose.

Setting the foundation for improved cooperation and efficiency in the following stages, the norming stage is distinguished by its emphasis on creating integrated norms and building trust among people in the group.

The members should be always ready to contribute ideas and suggestions to help in the company's growth.

Members may feel completion and reflective thought after the group disbands after accomplishing its objective.

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The Forming Stage and Storming Stage are similar to each other in a way that the individuals who were gathered in the group are aware of each others' differences and acknowledge them greatly. They are also similar in a way that they most likely have a precedented reason before becoming a part of that group and they treat each other with formality. The Forming Stage and Norming Stage are similar to each other in a way that in these stages, the individuals are always continuously focused on attain their goals and objectives. The Forming Stage and Performing Stage are similar in a way that the members of the group still respect each other's individuality and differences. The Forming Stage and Adjourning Stage are similar in a way that these stages are both classified as being at both ends of processes. The members in the group were formed with the idea that this collection of people would only be close together for a short time, and that it will eventually come to an end.

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Contrasting Forming Stage to Other Stages

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Contrasting Forming Stage to Other Stages

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The Forming Stage and Storming Stage are different from each other in many ways. Mostly because in the forming stage, the individuals that are part of the group interact with each others with a hint of awkwardness due to not knowing the members very well. Meanwhile, in the storming stage, the individuals in the group have already known a few things about each other so there aren't much hints of shyness from each other anymore. The Forming Stage and Norming Stage are different in a way that the members have developed more confidence to interact and share their ideas with one another. Contrast to when they all started, they had a hint of shyness towards each other. The Forming Stage and Performing Stage are different in a way that at first, the individuals in the group had no experience with regards to doing that certain task. At the performing stage, they have now matured and developed themselves into experienced people. The Forming Stage and the Adjourning Stage are different from each other in a way that at this point, they have the opportunity to reflect on their journey and the experiences they had. This behavior can't be done at the beginning of the process.

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Comparing Adjourning Stage to Other Stages

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Comparing Adjourning Stage to Other Stages

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The adjourning stage is simply the stage where the group is terminated which can happen due to various reasons. This stage can occur at the earliest in the storming stage because in this stage, this is where the members of the group show their true colors which if the negative feelings escalate can lead to an unfortunate termination of the group. Furthermore, assuming the group was able to overcome the challenges they have faced due to their differences in the storming stage, they can still face a possibility of terminating the group in the norming stage. In this stage, the members are already considered as a coordinated unit with high energy and are much more committed to the group's goal however, if in this stage they weren't able to sustain the group's goal along the way, they will automatically lead to the termination of the group therefore leading to the adjourning stage. Moving on, same with the performing stage, it is also no different to the norming stage in which the possibilities of failing as a group which can lead to its termination. In this stage the group has already shifted their attention to further improvement which includes solutions in addressing their differences, ways to minimize conflict, and how they can further enhance their group dynamics in achieving their goals. All of these questions if attempted to be addressed can either make or break the bond between the group. To put it simply, if it is addressed effectively, the group can properly execute their core strengths in achieving their goal which can result to an ideal way to terminate the group through acknowledging each other's success and be able to reflect on the achievements and setbacks that they have encountered along the way. On the other hand, if they weren't able to further develop and resulted to a significant decline which can affect their team's morale then they'll lead to their bitter ending. In totality, the adjourning stage is a stage that can happen along the other group stages depending on the group's versatility and capability to adjust and work as a group but just like any stage, the adjourning stage requires the understanding of the group regarding their departure from each other, may it be sweet or bitter for some, the members should learn how to handle the termination respectfully. Moreover, just like in other stages, open communication is the key to have a proper closure among the group by either simply congratulating the team's success or by giving a simple reflection and possibly an apology on each other's shortcomings which led to the unfortunate termination of the group. Overall, the adjourning stage is where the group gives time to debrief their differences which is similar to how the members resolve their conflict in the storming stage and be able address their strengths, weaknesses, self-awareness, and improvements just like in the forming, norming and performing stage.

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Contrasting Adjourning Stage to Other Stages

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Contrasting Adjourning Stage to Other Stages

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The adjourning stage, in contrast with other stages, mainly focuses on how the group comes to an end which may be either due to the accomplishment of the group's goal or due to the failure of the members to accomplish their task and/or to address their differences. The exact opposite of the adjourning stage is the forming stage because this is the stage where the group first comes together. In addition to that, the forming stage is where the roles of each member and their goals in the group is stated unlike in the adjourning stage where they conclude their group which may due to the accomplishment of the group's goal. Moving on, in comparison with the storming, norming, and performing stage, the three stages aim to achieve the goal of the group while addressing issues and making the necessary adjustments to better sustain the bond of the group moving forward. The adjourning stage on the other hand, aims to simply reflect and/or give a proper ending to what has been formed in the first place therefore, the realizations wouldn't be applied to further improve the group's performance but rather to debrief and provide a respectful termination to the group.

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Comparing Storming Stage to Other Stages

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Comparing Storming Stage to Other Stages

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Both the forming and storming stages of a situation can involve uncertain or changing leadership. There may be uncertainty during the forming stages because leadership responsibilities may not yet be defined. Conflicts about roles and leadership styles might surface during the storming stage, which further makes the group's leadership dynamic. Despite these difficulties, these phases are essential for the organization to develop efficient communication and decision-making procedures, as well as to define its leadership structure.

Throughout both storming and norming stages, the group's cohesion has improved. Storming strengthens the bond by resolving disagreements and recognizing each person's strengths and weaknesses.  Furthermore, this phase's open interchange of ideas and opinions may foster the group's innovation and uniqueness. By offering predictability and stability, the establishment of roles and norms helps in the process of norming and can enhance member cooperation and trust while also strengthening the group's identity. Also, aligning personal and collective objectives is a key component of both phases, since it promotes a sense of shared responsibility and dedication.

Decision-making processes are essential in both storming and performing stages. During storming, disagreements and conflicts among group members can make decision-making especially difficult. However, decision-making usually becomes more effective and efficient as the group moves closer to the performing stage. This change happens as the group members come up with a coherent strategy and cooperate well to accomplish their shared goals.

The stages of storming and adjourning can both be quite emotionally intense. Emotions are generally running high during storming as group members stake out their positions and face internal confrontations. As the group prepares to part ways, members may feel a range of emotions at the adjourning stage, including nostalgia for past activities and relief that the task is finally finished. Members of the group may have very different emotional experiences from one another, but this is a normal aspect of the group's growth.

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Contrasting Storming Stage to Other Stages

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Contrasting Storming Stage to Other Stages

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The second stage called “Storming” describes the tension within the group. Also, it refers to the power or authority that defines their individual roles rather than having a common ground with the group. Unlike the first stage known as “Forming,” wherein it deals with curiosity and optimism about performing the tasks at hand. Additionally, in forming, the group is being observant and trying to bring a sense of order and direction to the group.

In contrast, the third stage, the Norming Stage, refers to cooperation, and the group has established its norms and values. This stage is also focused on defining their shared goals. Whereas the Storming Stage is known as when conflict has occurred. With this, the members may have disagreements or competition over responsibilities.

On the other hand, the Storming Stage can be differentiated from the Performing Stage as the latter results in strong teamwork in order to achieve the tasks at hand. Furthermore, it shows that due to the members’ teamwork, the group is highly productive and the collaboration among its members is effectively exhibited. However, the former involves a lack of cohesion and trust within the group, which causes conflicts over power and leadership.

In opposition, the Storming Stage exemplifies conflicts and disagreements over responsibilities and behaviors. Accordingly, this leads to tension that often creates differences among other group members since they have different views on accomplishing the tasks assigned. Contradictorily, the final stage also known as the Adjourning Stage focuses on the reflection and celebration of the achievements that are happening at this stage. This stage concludes the projects or tasks of the group that result in dissolving the group.