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Birth defects are common structural changes. A birth defect can effect any part of the body changing how it looks, works, or both. They tend to be expensive and critical to the baby's health. One out of every thirty-three babies in the United States suffer from a birth defect.

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Women can have multiple tests done throughout their pregnancy to see if their child will be born with a birth defect. A maternal blood screen is a simplistic blood test that checks protein levels in your blood. If the protein levels are abnormally high or low, there could be a chromosomal disorder in the baby. Ultrasounds can show visible/external birth defects.

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There's multiple ways to deal with most birth defects. Corrective surgeries, therapy, medications, diets, and transplant are some common ways to help birth defects. Some can't be dealt with at all because there isn't a cure for them. Many defects without a cure can lead to an early death of the infant.

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A cleft lip happens when the tissue of the lips don't join correctly during pregnancy and a cleft palate occurs when the roof of the baby's mouth doesn't join correctly during pregnancy. About 1 in every 1,600 babies are born with a cleft lip and a cleft palate in the United States. Children with clefts often struggle with eating and are hard to understand when speaking. Correction surgeries are preformed in the early stages of life, but people with a cleft often have to have additional surgeries later on in life.

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Every 4 ½ minutes, a baby is born with a birth defect in the United States, adding up to nearly 120,000 babies each year. Birth defects such as cystic fibrosis, cleft lip, diabetes, down syndrome, sickle cell anemia, spina bifida, and muscular dystrophy are just a few of the common ones these children may or may not suffer from.