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Ivan Pavlov lived from September 26, 1849 to February 27, 1936. Ever since he was a chid people would say he has "the instinct of research." His father was a priest in the village he lived in which was Ryazan, Russia. He decided to leave the religious work behind and focus on science. In 1870 he started school at the Physics and mathematical faculty. In 1897, he created what is known as the Classical conditioning theory. This theory is about how a child shouldn't be stressed and should feel safe in their classroom. Avoiding fear and negative environments benefit children in their learning. Learning through association is what pavlov realized is what he felt was best.  "When two stimuli are linked together to produce a new learned response" https://www.simplypsychology.org/classical-conditioning.html. is what learning through association means. The three steps are, before conditioning, during conditioning, and after conditioning.  Due to the fact that his theory helps children, and dogs he tested this on, adapt their behavior to a changing environment, it has greatly impacted the ever changing education system.

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Maria Montessori lived from August 31, 1870 to May 6, 1952. She grew up in Chiaravalle, Italy where her father was an accountant in the civil service. The moment she decided she wanted to be in the medical field was after graduating from elementary school, which was a change from her first thoughts of a career as an engineer. When she opened her first school in 1907, which she called a children house, she realized that emphasizing on creating a suitable environment to meet the needs of a Childs learning made them more engaged. Which therefore you could say say partially could educate themselves. This would become known as the Montessori Method. It had a great impact in the world as even today you see the Montessori method and Montessori schools still being used. Which that fact has made her method a time proven way of bettering a Childs education.

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Lev Vygotsky lived from November 17, 1896 to June 11, 1934. He was born in a very small town in Russia called Orsha, where then moved to Gomel. Vygotsky's father was a very well known man, he was a respected bank manager as well as his mother being a teacher but then became a full-time homemaker. Due to the fact that he was a Jew in Russia being able to be trained as a teacher would difficult. The reason was the government didn't allow jewish teachers. Instead he had been accepted into Moscow State University where he studied a range of things such as, sociology, linguistics, psychology, and philosophy. He graduated in 1917 with the degree of law, but his formal work in psychology didn't start till 1924 where he again attended Moscow University. Vygotsky was a writer as well as publishing 6 books about psychology over the span of 10 years. The interests in his books he had published were mainly centered towards child development and education and the issues that came with those two topics. In 1934, before his death, He created the Sociocultural Theory which derives around including all different cultures in the classroom. Also that being very social and having positive interaction with elders benefits a child's learning ability. He believed that social interactions and cognition worked hand in hand to better cognition. This theory has made great impacts on education that you see even today. In class, the teachers incorporate social interactions through games and sharing time and by learning culture in all types of the curriculum.

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B.F Skinner lived from March 20, 1904 to August 18, 1990. He was born and raised in a small town in Pennsylvania. He had a great family life father was a lawyer and his mother was a homemaker. How Skinner described his life was warm and stable. When he was younger he started building and inventing things, and little did he know he would be using those skills later on in life in his experiments. When Skinner was in high school he became to very intrigued with scientific reasoning for his study. Skinner then graduated and became a novelist who wrote dozens of newspaper articles, as well as working at a bookstore. When he came across Pavlov and Watson it was a big change in his life, he was so inspired by their work that he dropped being a novelist and entered the psychology graduate program at Harvard University. In 1937 he created what is known as Operant Conditioning Theory. Operant Conditioning Theory is that any and all behavior that acts on the environment that then leads to consequences. The theory is meant to have a series of small materials to help he children take baby steps with what they are learning until they got the hang of it and went on to the next skill.

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Abraham Maslow lived from April 1, 1908 to June 8, 1970.  Maslow was born and raised in Brooklyn, as well as being the oldest out of seven. Maslow remembers his childhood being rather unhappy. His parents were Jewish and also had emigrated for Russia. Maslow had a love for books and ended up spending most of his time in the library. Later on in life he enrolled in psychology and graduated from the University of Wisconsin. In 1943 he developed the Hierarchy of Needs Theory. The Hierarchy of Needs theory revolves around self-actualization Truth, beauty, unity, and goodness are what self-actualization involves. It also revolves around having all the needs a human must have. These include in his face tier pyramid with physiological at the bottom, then moving up would be safety, then love and friendship, esteem, then at the top would be self-actualization. His theory is a very motivational theory. The less you needs are accented for, the less you will develop. This theory has made an impact by being time proven. Classrooms make sure a child's needs are met for them to achieve in their education. Parents make sure to keep their needs met to keep their developmental status on track, therefore keeping them motivated to keep going and thrive in what they're doing. If a child isn't getting what they need, schools are taking that into consideration and making them accounted for.

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John Bowlby was lived from February 26, 1907 to September 2, 1990. John Bowlby grew up in the upper middle class and was primarily raised by by nannies. His father was a surgeon and wasn't around much and didn't spend too much time with his mother. He was in theRoyal Army in the Medical Corps in World War Two in the 1950s. Before then, he attended the Trinity College, Cambridge, in which he studied psychology. In 1958 he created his form of what he called the Attachment Theory. His theory stated hat children needed to have a form of attachment to a caregiver, in fact they were "programmed" that way from birth. Also he states that "children come into the world biologically pre-programmed to form attachments with others, because this will help them to survive." https://www.simplypsychology.org/bowlby.html. According to his research the most critical time in a child's life for attachment is by the age of 2.5 years old. A sensitive period can happen to children who don't form attachment by then can last up to 5 years. His theory has made an impact due to the fact of the truth his theory is speaking of. Children Growing up form a bond with their parents which in theory is what the form of attachment. Children who don't get the care and attention from a parent ir caregiver tend to lack in their development status. This is why schools pay so much attention to make sure the children get the right bonds otherwise they will do what they can to help adapt to their development and do what they can to help. You especially see this in pre-schools, daycares, and early elementary schools even today.