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Abraham Lincoln is elected President of the United States.

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South Carolina secedes from the Union.

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On April 12th, 1860 Confederate Soldiers were given orders to attack a Union Fort named Fort Sumter. The Fort was waiting for resupplies, so they were not prepared for an attack. Confederate troops pummeled the Fort for 36 hours before a white flag hoisted above the Fort. The first battle of the War had 1 casualty and was a Confederate win.(https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/fort-sumter)

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The First Battle of Bull Run was fought to defend the Confederate invasion of Maryland. The Confederates had about 20,000 soldiers which were small compared to the Union's 35,000 Troops. The Rebels knew that they were outnumbered so they had to attack first. By the middle of the day, the number of troops was nearly the same for both sides. With a clever flank, the Confederates force the Union to retreat. There was a total of about 4,750 casualties. This was a much-needed victory for the South and showed many northern that this was not going to be a short war. (https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/first-battle-of-bull-run)

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Jefferson Davis becomes President of the Confederate States of America.

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As the fog lifted on September 17th, the first shot was fired. Union soldiers shooting at the confederates left flank. The battle be fought in an open field leaving very little cover for the soldier. In just the first 8 hours there were over 15,000 casualties, that almost 2,000 casualties an hour. Yet the battle continued until sundown, the soldiers regrouped but by that time there were just over 23,000 casualties and 3,650 deaths. This was a very needed Union Victory but Lincoln still wasn't pleased. (https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battle-of-antietam#section_7)

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The Battle of Fredericksburg, was a crushing defeat for the Unions army. The largest battle of the war consisting of almost 200,000 troops combined from each side. Ambrose Burnside the new commander of the Army of Potomac launched a 2 prong invasion over Rappahannock River. There he met General Lee's 80,000 troops. General Burnside had the numbers with 120,000 troops but his men wouldn't last long. Through out the battle there were alot of casualties with the Union suffering 13,000 and the Confederates suffering fewer than 5,000.
(https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battle-of-fredericksburg#:~:text=The%20Battle%20of%20Fredericksburg%20was,orders%20from%20Burnside%20to%20Franklin.)

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The Battle Of Wilderness marked a hard push of the Union to invade the South. After victories in Virginia, General Ulysses S Grant, thought it was time to push farther south. This was the first time that the Union Soldiers crossed the Potomac River. The South was now on the defensive and everyone knew they were going to fight hard. The first day was bloody as the Union 5th corps and the Confederate Army clashed. The fighting lasted all day it didn't stop till sundown. The fighting continued at 5 am the next day when Union soldiers tried to take Plank Road. After the offensive by the Union, Confederate Soldiers led a counter attack, but where stopped when their Commander was shot in the soldier. General Grant refused to retreat. By the end of the third day there was 17,500 Union Casualties and 7,000 Confederate casualties. (https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battle-of-the-wilderness)

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The Battle of Cold Harbor was one of the longest battles of the American Civil war, lasting an astounding 12 days of fighting. The battle of Cold Harbor was General Ulysses S. Grant's attempt to invade the southern United States across the Potomac. The Union brought 108,000 suffering 13,000 casualties. While the Confederates brought 62,000 troops suffering 2,500 casualties. This was considered General Robert E. Lee's last major victory. (https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battles-of-cold-harbor)

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Robert E. Lee  surrenders to Union General Ulysses S. Grant.