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It's funny to see a future president extremely worried about his social status, and interesting. It shows you he was very social and charming from a young age, things he brought to his presidency.

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Here the author informs you of what happened in the meeting, but also tries to persuade you that the reason FDR agreed to let Stalin have Poland is because he was tired, trusted Stalin, and thought there was no other way.

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Here the author is trying to inform you about what historians believe happened to FDR on the day of the paralyzation.

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Here the author is trying to persuade you that Hoover wasn't a great president, and inform you about the stock market crash

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The author is trying to inform you about about the FDR.

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Here, the author is trying to persuade you that FDR was a good president who brought America out of the depression.

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" 'Mr. President, it looks like the Japanese have attacked Pearl Harbor.' Hopkins found it hard to believe and thought that the news was a mistake. But within a half hour, the bloody attack was confirmed. " Some things are too bad to be true.

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People inspire others, especially those you look up to. People try to follow those who you know, in their footsteps.

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It's hard to be neutral. You see the world a certain way, and no matter how hard you try, you'll pick a side like everyone else. For the better or the worse.

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This topic in this novel was brushed over. I am not ok with that. This was a thing that America did wrong. We can't hide it. It does clearly show, though, the effect it had on Roosevelt. At this point he is just done. It's more of a blur than anything else. He didn't quite understand what he was doing.

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With allies come enemies. The choices you make can determine more than you think. A nudge, and another, and suddenly you are where you planned not to be.

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To think that this four-term president could have been a no-term president, this one being who is remembered as the one who got America out of the depression could have just died like that.

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How he kept something like this secret amazes me. He walked and talked in a way, portrayed himself in way. People trusted him.

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With one bad thing coming into being, another dies. The depression was over, but now here is this new thing. Another war.

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Oh geeze, this is horrifying. I knew this would happen, but still...

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32. Peaceful yet Dead in Office- Resolution

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32. Peaceful yet Dead in Office- Resolution

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Franklin took a trip back to the Warm Springs. It was April 12, 1945. He had a cerebral hemorrhage. A ruptured blood vessel caused bleeding in his brain. He died a few hours later, 63 years old. He was buried in Hyde Park, New York.

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Franklin was re-elected a fourth and final time. Although he never lost his sense of humor, his health was deteriorating. He met again with Churchill and Stalin. He allowed Stalin to take Poland to defeat Japan as long as they had elections there. He did not keep his word. He was tired. At least the war was dying down. Sort of.

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The war was distracting. In November of 1943 Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin met in Iran. Stalin was on the side of the Allies now, he was fighting Germany too. They planned D-Day. And on June 6, 1944, it launched. The largest naval attack ever. It was successful, but costly in lives.

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Then they invaded an Italian island. The people of Italy overthrew Benito Mussolini. North Africa was pretty ok by 1943. They lost the Philippines to Japan. “Anti-Japan hysteria” was all over America. Under pressure, Franklin signed an order for 110,000 Japanese people to leave. Then they were placed in relocation camps. Eleanor made an inspection to one camp. Franklin seemed concerned, but the camps were horrible. They were not ok.

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28. Pearl Harbor and the end of the Great Depression

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28. Pearl Harbor and the end of the Great Depression

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On December 7, 1941 the secretary of the Navy, Frank Knox, came into Franklin’s office. The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. The next day Roosevelt asked Congress to declare war on Japan over the radio. In four days Germany and Italy declared war on the U.S. Now that the war was on, America was out of the Great Depression. Churchill came to Washington for a month to talk with the president. They began in North Africa, where the opposing side invaded. Churchill and Franklin met in North Africa. Franklin visited troops there.

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It was election year. 1940. He would not run. Nazis invaded France. He would run again. He won. England was attacked by air. Winston Churchill asked for weapons. So, Franklin made the Lend-Lease Act, which provided Allied nations airplanes, tanks, artillery weapons, and guns.

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The Social Security Act and the Wagner Act. In 1937 the economy slowed a little down again, although it was not near as bad as in 1932. Then, another war began brewing. No one wanted to be in a war. Four Neutrality Acts were passed, banning weapon sales or loans to other countries in war. World War II began. Another Neutrality Act, but now America would sell weapons to France and England, but they had to pay in cash and carry them back on ships.

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Franklin ran for president again, against Alf Landon. Louis Howe passed on April 18, 1936 wasn’t there to advise Franklin anymore. He had a funeral at the White House. Franklin won the election, with a majority of African Americans shifting from Republican vote to Democratic, largely because of Eleanor.

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In 1935 four brothers in Brooklyn of New York ran a poultry business. They were found to be violating NRA regulations. They believed the NRA was unconstitutional and went to the Supreme Court. It was unanimously decided that the NRA gave the President too much power regulating private businesses. All though the federal government has the right to regulate interstate commerce, these private businesses were barely so. The NRA was dead.

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During his presidency, Franklin’s paralysis was kept quiet. He perfected his way of walking. In his entire presidency there were only two photos of him in his wheelchair. Political cartoonists opposing him always showed him although he was the same physically as everyone else. He continued to visit Warm Springs in Georgia. While on one trip he was inspired to create another program of his New Deal. Franklin created the Rural Electrification Administration, which brought electricity to farmers.

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In August of 1935 Franklin created an act passed by Congress: the Social Security Act. This act provided old-age insurance and gave benefits to children and spouses of working people who died before they became sixty-five. He wanted to also have compulsory health insurance, but feared the American Medical Association’s disapproval.

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Franklin established the NRA. Eleanor continued being a active member of society fighting for oppressed workers and traveling. In 1935 Congress passed the Emergency Relief Appropriations Act which gave money for work programs. A lot of the money went to the Works Progress Administration which gave Americans jobs and built thousands of schools, airports, roads, parks, hospitals, and parks. People with specific skills got jobs they were good at or had previous experience in. They gave many artists, writers, and actors jobs.

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Franklin used the radio to talk to the American citizens and were called FDR’s “fireside chats.” Franklin then established the Federal  Emergency Relief Administration of 1933. Then, he created jobs. He did this by creating agencies like the CCC, AAA, FCA, and TVA which created more jobs under them. Then he made the Glass-Steagall Act to insure money in banks up to a certain amount. There were people who thought that all this government interference would hurt capitalism, but those people were few in numbers.

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Franklin ran for president in 1932. He was chosen to be the Democratic party nominee, and he flew to Chicago to accept the nomination. He went on to win the election. When he was giving a speech in February as President-elect, a man shot five bullets towards Franklin. None hit, but they hit four others. The mayor of Chicago died of his injuries.

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In 1928 Franklin won the election and became governor of New York. He immediately put changes into place and used radio to give speeches. Eleanor helped him with state inspections. Franklin was re-elected in 1930. The stock market crashed on October 29, 1929. Everything would be different. So, as governor, in the Great Depression, he founded the Temporary Emergency Relief Administration. This provided food, shelter, and clothing to jobless people. At the end of his term in 1932 everything was worse and everyone seemed to blame Hoover.

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Howe urged Eleanor to get into politics, so she became active in women’s rights. In 1924 Franklin gave a speech for Al Smith at the Democratic Convention at Madison Square Garden in New York City. He did this again when Al went to the primaries, all though he lost. While he was campaigning a spot was left open as governor of New York.

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In 1922 he went back to banking, walking on crutches. He often went to Warm Springs in Georgia and invested 200,000 dollars in it. It became the first modern treatment center for Polio.

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They called a doctor. It was a blood clot, no a lesion. Symptoms worsened. Give him a massage. So they did, for two days. Another doctor was called in. The massage had made what he already had worse- polio. Historians believe he was infected at the boy scouts camp. He was moved to a hospital, then back to Hyde Park. Eleanor took care of him, and he worked to regain strength in his body.

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On August 9 Franklin was on a boat with his employer, and he fell into the freezing water. Then he went in another boat the next day where he saw a forest fire on an island and helped put it out. Then he went back to Campobello, took a swim, jogged back to the cottage, and took another swim. He went straight to bed. The next morning Eleanor found him crawling on his hands and knees. The next day his left leg would hardly move. The day after that he was completely paralyzed from the waist down.

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Franklin and his family moved back to New York City and Franklin became a vice president to the banking firm. On July 27, 1921 Franklin and some other important people visited a Boy Scout camp in a forest north of New York City. On August fifth he went on a boat to Campobello and arrived on August 7 to meet Eleanor, their children, and Louis Howe. Louis and Franklin were going to talk about the upcoming election.

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While World War I treaties were being figured out, the League of Nations was formed, which Franklin strongly supported. James M. Cox was governor of Ohio. He was running for president, and did not support the League. To balance this out, he selected Roosevelt as his running mate. The two lost to strong opposers of the League.

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Franklin and Eleanor almost divorced, as Eleanor discovered love letters to his social secretary. Franklin promised to never see her again, and they stayed married.

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World War I began. At first the U.S. was neutral. Wilson won the re-election with the slogan “He kept us out of war.” Then, though, as they were given more reasons to do so, America entered the war on in April of 1917. By the time it ended Franklin had made a name for himself in his position in the Navy.

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Franklin had campaigned aggressively for Wilson, and was awarded with the position of assistant secretary of the Navy. Franklin moved to Washington D.C. with his family and Louis Howe. Eleanor had Franklin Jr. 1914, named after the first one. Then John was born.

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Franklin did not particularly like being a lawyer, so he went into politics, convinced by Theodore. He ran for state senator in Hyde Park, New York where no Democrat had won in fifty-four years. He won the election and moved to the states capital, Albany. There he hired Louis Howe as an advisor. Then, when Woodrow Wilson was elected President in 1912, Theodore Roosevelt split the Republican party by running for the Progressive Party. Wilson thus easily won.

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In 1906 Franklin and Eleanor had their first child, Anna Eleanor, who was named after her mother. Then they had James in 1907, then Franklin Jr. in 1909, then Elliot in 1910. Franklin Jr. died when he was seven months old from influenza.

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Franklin graduated Harvard in 1904 and then began attending classes at Columbia University Law School in New York City. He then, on March 17, 1905, Married Eleanor Roosevelt. Theodore won the reelection and was there at the wedding. After their honeymoon they moved to New York City and Franklin got a job as a lawyer on Wall Street.

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Franklin’s father died on December 7, 1900. To help his mother cope, he spent a summer with her traveling in Europe along with some other family members. While in Paris, they got the news that McKinley was shot in Buffalo, New York. Now Theodore Roosevelt was the president of the United States.

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It was 1900 now, and Theodore was elected vice president with William McKinley. Though a Republican while he was a Democrat, Franklin supported his distant cousin. Franklin entered Harvard in Massachusetts. He worked to be popular by doing extracurricular activities, usually pertaining to politics. He became the president of the school’s newspaper, and people thought Franklin was the Vice President's nephew at first, wich boosted his popularity.

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Franklin stayed in touch with the family of his distant cousin Theodore, whom he admired. Once again, when Franklin was 16 and she was 14, he met Eleanor again. She rather hated parties and he rather loved them. They were at a christmas party and Franklin danced with her. 

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Franklin attended the Gorton School in Massachusetts and lived there. There students, and even the rector Reverend Endicott Peabody, placed a high value in football and other sports. So, Franklin learned how to play them, though never really well. In his final year he was the equipment manager of the baseball team. Still, he struggled. His half-nephew who was three years older than him, Taddy, was extremely unpopular and was teased. Once Franklin was found to be related to him, he was teased as well. To help with this, he took boxing lessons. He learned public speech well. He earned good grades.

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Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born January 30, 1882. He grew up comfortably in a mansion, where he was scheduled down to every minute and was constantly supervised. A distant cousin of his father one day brought over his daughter, Anna Eleanor, who Franklin enjoyed playing with. Franklin was four then. When he was five he met Grover Cleveland at the white house and later Mark Twain as he traveled with his parents along with other important people. Franklin, though shy, learned to charm adults. He tended to give all the orders when playing games with the other boys, and then, when he was fourteen, he went off to a private boarding school.