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How One School Turned Homework on its Head with "Flipped" Instruction

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How One School Turned Homework on its Head with "Flipped" Instruction

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Source:  Popular
Abstract:  Clintondale High School in Clinton Township, Michigan ranked among the top 5% worst schools in the state of Michigan.  Clintondale set forth the implementation of "flipped instruction".  This term means teachers recorded lectures for students online, where students assessed and utilized them after school, and had the ability to work with their peers to complete assignments.
Findings:  Clintondale was the first completely "flipped" school in the nation.  Standardized scores have risen and the failure rate has dropped from 52% to 19% due to the implementation of "flipped" instruction.  The advantages of using "flipped instruction" included teachers having more time for one on one instruction and it allowed students the ability to rewind and watch lessons as many times needed.  More time is needed for research on the "flipped instruction" approach, but it may become the future for classrooms across the United States.
APA Citation:
Fritz, M., & Fritz, M. (2013). How one school turned homework on its head with 'flipped' instruction. Retrieved from https://www.pbs.org/newshour/education/what-does-a-flipped-classroom-look-like-2

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7 Unique Flipped Classroom Models, Which One is Right for You?

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7 Unique Flipped Classroom Models, Which One is Right for You?

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Source:  Popular
Abstract:  EducationDive.com has outlined examples of flipped classrooms that have benefited all students ranging from elementary to doctoral candidates.  These examples included:

1. The Standard Inverted Classroom: Students are instructed to complete homework assignments by watching lecture videos and reading before class the following day. During class time, students are able to work with the teacher in a one-on-one environment to reinforce concept.

2. The Discussion-Oriented Flipped Classroom: Teachers assign TED Talks, YouTube videos, and other resources. Class time is utilized by collaboration with peers.

3. The Demonstration-Focused Flipped Classroom:  Works well with subjects such as Chemistry, Physics, and Math-teachers provide a demonstration via video called screen recording software to encourage students to work at their own pace.

4. The Faux-Flipped Classroom: Usually works better for younger students.  Students are able to watch videos in class while the teacher moves around the classroom to provide additional support to students based on their individual needs.

5. The Group-Based Flipped Classroom: This model begins the same with lecture videos and other resources before class. Students come to class prepared and work with other peers to complete assignments.

6. The Virtual Flipped Classroom: Used primarily in college and universities where professors share lecture videos for student viewing, and requires students to complete assignments online.

7. Flipping The Teacher: This model is used to assign students to record activities to show competency, or to present a new concept as a means to “teach the teacher”.

Findings:  According to ASCD.org, of 453 teachers who flipped their classrooms, 67% reported increased test scores, 80% reported increased student attitudes, and 99% said they would flip their classrooms again next year.

APA citation:
7 Unique Flipped Classroom Models -- Which is Right for You?. [Blog]. Retrieved from https://www.panopto.com/blog/7-unique-flipped-classroom-models-right/

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Source:  Popular
Abstract:  The primary focus of a flipped classroom is to improve student learning by reversing the traditional classroom to giving students more time to understand concepts. Teachers post their lectures online where students can view them at home before class to allow more time for student collaboration and group discussions.  This means that lectures that are usually taught during school hours are viewed at home and homework is essentially done in the classroom.  Acedo mentions the "pros" for flipped instruction 1) students have more control, 2) it promotes student learning and cooperation, 3) lessons and content are more accessible, 4) easier for parents to see what's going on, and 5) it can be more efficient.  There are also "cons" that Acedo addressed:  1) it can create a digital divide 2) it relies on preparation and honesty 3) there is a significant amount of work in the beginning, 4) not naturally a test prep form of learning, and 5) time in front of screens-instead of people and places-is increased.  The flipped classroom can be an effective approach to learning that is student centered and improve student achievement.
Findings: Popular sources may not involve a study or include any findings.
APA citation:
Acedo, M. (2018). 10 Pros And Cons Of A Flipped Classroom. Retrieved from https://teachthought.com/learning/10-pros-cons-flipped-classroom/

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Research Says / Evidence on Flipped Classrooms Is Still Coming In

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Research Says / Evidence on Flipped Classrooms Is Still Coming In

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Source:  Practitioner
Abstract:   Although there are many benefits promoted by the flipped classroom, there is no scientific research to support it.  Flipped instruction allows teachers to interact with students individually and support their educational needs.  Teachers are also able to support emotional and social needs of the student which is as important as academic needs.  Teachers also have the opportunity to provide feedback to improve student learning.  A benefit of posting lectures online provides students the opportunity to break down the video into 10 minute increments to help pace their own learning. Also, students are able to practice their learning in the classroom with the help of the  teacher's leadership.  Flipped classrooms may enhance student learning if they are implemented thoughtfully, with careful attention to what research tells us about good instruction.
Findings:  According to the Flipped Learning Network (2012), membership on its social media site rose from 2,500 teachers in 2011 to 9,000 teachers in 2012.
APA Citation:
Goodwin, B., & Miller, K. (2013). Evidence on Flipped Classrooms Is Still Coming In - Educational Leadership. Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational leadership/mar13/vol70/num06/Evidence-on-Flipped-Classrooms-Is-Still-Coming-In.aspx

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The Techy Teacher / More Diversity Demands New Approaches

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The Techy Teacher / More Diversity Demands New Approaches

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Source:  Practitioner
Abstract:  In the flipped classroom model, teachers post  information online so that students are able to learn at their own pace—pause a video, rewind it, look up unfamiliar words, and so on—to improve their comprehension of new information. Homework is used as practice during classroom time allowing students to have access to the teacher and support from their peers as they complete assignments. To help her ELL students,

Tucker decided to flip her classroom by recording short vocabulary videos for her students to watch online.  She created Google Slide presentations and put the word, the part of speech, and the definition on one slide and an image that helped students remember the word on the next slide. She then would record a screencast using her voice.

She noted while students worked, they could pause, rewind, or rewatch the videos. By the students having the ability to control the pace of learning was incredibly helpful for English language learners. Tucker learned she had more time to work with students individually to practice vocabulary words with peers.
Findings:  Technology allows students the ability to control the time, place, and pace of their learning. When teachers combine technology with new and innovative approaches to teaching, English language learners as well as students at various skill levels are more likely to succeed.

APA Citation:
Tucker, C. (2016). More Diversity Demands New Approaches - Educational Leadership. Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/feb16/vol73/num05/More-Diversity-Demands-New-Approaches.aspx

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Source:  Practitioner
Abstract:   A recent report indicated less structured activities appeared to give children more opportunities to practice self-direction, but more structured environments seem to slow the development of self-directed control because adults are reminding them what they need to do and when.  Teachers may use Educreations that helps create easy-to-follow tutorials and assists students with reviewing material before an assessment or to provide addititional help to struggling students.
Findings:  75% of U.S. secondary students said a flipped classroom is  a good way for them to learn.  62% of U.S. secondary students said they'd be more successful in a flipped classroom, 41% of administrators said preservice teachers should learn how to set up a flipped classroom before being credentialed.
APA Citation:
Double Take - Educational Leadership. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/oct14/vol72/num02/Double-Take.aspx

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DETERMINATION OF EDUCATIONAL EFFICIENCY AND STUDENTS’ INVOLVEMENT IN THE FLIPPED BIOLOGY CLASSROOM IN PRIMARY SCHOOL

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DETERMINATION OF EDUCATIONAL EFFICIENCY AND STUDENTS’ INVOLVEMENT IN THE FLIPPED BIOLOGY CLASSROOM IN PRIMARY SCHOOL

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Source:  Peer reviewed
Abstract:  The flipped classroom is a teaching approach where students gain first experience with new concepts with online resources outside the classroom.  Then in the classroom, the focus changes for student interaction with peers to complete assignments.  The purpose of this research was to measure efficiency and student engagement in a flipped Biology classroom in primary school, compared to the traditional classroom.  The sample consisted of 112 students from the ages of 12 to 13.  Educational effectiveness and students' engagement were measured by combining the values of the students' performance and mental contribution on the test. The test included a 5-point Likert scale for each task to evaluate students' mental effort.
Results:  The research proved to be significant because it provided experimental evidence the use of a flipped Biology classroom.  Students who learned Biology concepts using the Flipped Classroom approach accomplished greater achievement on the knowledge test with less effort mentally.
APA citation:
Zupanec, V., Radulovic, B., Pribicevic, T., Miljanovic, T., & Zdravkovic, V. (2018). Determination of Educational Efficiency and Students' Involvement in the Flipped Biology Classroom in Primary School. Journal Of Baltic Science Education, 17(1), 162-176.

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Comparison of Student Performance, Student Perception, and TeacherSatisfaction with Traditional versus Flipped Classroom Models

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Comparison of Student Performance, Student Perception, and TeacherSatisfaction with Traditional versus Flipped Classroom Models

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Source:  Peer reviewed
Abstract:  As new technology is constantly being introduced into classrooms, it is utilized to enhance traditional instruction.  The teaching model called the flipped classroom is a new approach to learning new concepts that may take place at home, while students have the opportunity to practice the concepts learned in the classroom.  The purpose of the study was to investigate the flipped instruction model affects student performance, perceptions, and teacher satisfaction vs. the traditional approach to learning.  This research involved sixteen teachers that incorporated the flipped instruction in their classroom for the first time.  Pretests and posttests were used to analyze student perceptions.  Surveys were used for data collection to measure students' attitudes and teacher satisfaction.
Results:  The flipped classroom model showed higher learning for students, increased motivation for students, and higher teacher satisfaction versus the traditional learning approach.
APA citation:
Unal, Z., & Unal, A. (2017). Comparison of Student Performance, Student Perception, and Teacher Satisfaction with Traditional versus Flipped Classroom Models. International Journal Of Instruction, 10(4), 145-164. doi: 10.12973/iji.2017.1049a

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THE FLIPPED CLASSROOM TEACHING MODEL AND ITS USE FOR INFORMATION LITERACY INSTRUCTION

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THE FLIPPED CLASSROOM TEACHING MODEL AND ITS USE FOR INFORMATION LITERACY INSTRUCTION

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Source:  Peer reviewed
Abstract:  The flipped classroom is also know as the inverted classroom, or as the flip.  The flipped classroom includes:  moving the lecture outside of the classroom through the use of technology, and moving the practice, formerly homework, into the classroom.  Teachers provide lectures through the use of slides, audio, podcasts, narrated presentations, video casts incorporating animations, screen captures, and other multimedia content.  Some online resources utilized are the Khan Academy, Coursera, TED talks, and YouTube that help facilitate the flipped classroom.  Implementing flipped instruction provides more learning opportunities, increased one on one instruction, and the ability to serve all students' needs.
Results:  The popularity of the flipped classroom is continuing to grow due to the positive outcomes such as efficiency of class time which assists different learners, students engaged with problem-based learning, increase student-teacher interaction, and allows students to take responsibility for their own learning.
APA citation:
Arnold-Garza, S. (2014). The Flipped Classroom Teaching Model and Its Use for Information Literacy Instruction. Comminfolit, 8(1), 7. doi: 10.15760/comminfolit.2014.8.1.161