# data[].attributes.body
Advantages of flexible grouping related to differentiation of instruction

1. Meets the students academic, social and emotional needs (Cox)

2. Gives students the opportunity  to work with, and learn from, their peers while staying in a comfortable setting (Cox)

http://www.teachhub.com/flexible-grouping-differentiated-instruction-strategy

Van de Walle, J. A., Karp, K. S., & Bay-Williams, J. M. (2016). Elementary and middle school     mathematics: Teaching developmentally (9th ed.). Pearson.

# data[].attributes.body
Misconceptions students bring from whole number operations to learning fraction operations

All misconceptions are from Elementary and middle school  mathematics: Teaching developmentally (9th ed.).

1. Adding both the numerator and denominator

An effective way to beat this would be to "challenge misconceptions"

2. Not finding a common denominator or ignoring the denominator all together

Using a fraction strip where students have to pay attention to the size of the fractions can help give a visual

Van de Walle, J. A., Karp, K. S., & Bay-Williams, J. M. (2016). Elementary and middle school     mathematics: Teaching developmentally (9th ed.). Pearson.

# data[].attributes.body
Solve subtraction problems using a number line | LearnZillion

Identify two or more ways that a number line can be used to support the use of invented strategies

J.A. Van De Wall, K.S Karp, and J.M. Bay-Williams, 2016, reference the Jump Strategy (p. 260). Students use a number line to either jump forward or backwards to the number depending on if its addition vs. subtraction.

Variations of this method can be seen in the photo below (taken directly from the Van De Walle text

# data[].attributes.body
Algebra is connected in the math curriculum
In the text by Van De Wall, Karp, and Bay-Williams, 2016,  it is mentioned that algebraic thinking is used in other areas of math, rather than just strictly algebra based lessons  (p. 335-336).

1. Geometric formulas can be manipulated to cater what it is that your are solving

If you are given a volume of the figure and asked to solve for the radius you need algebra to do so.

2. Gathering data and recording measurements=Algebra

3. When performing experiments, especially in a science course (math and science are closely linked) students are asked to graph their results. Graphs are functions and functions are considered to be algebra

Van de Walle, J. A., Karp, K. S., & Bay-Williams, J. M. (2016). Elementary and middle school     mathematics: Teaching developmentally (9th ed.). Pearson.

# data[].attributes.body
Strategies that teachers can use to build strong rapport with all families to support the learning of mathematics

1. Communication with families is key, talk to families when a student is doing poorly but also when they are doing well. (Aguilar, 2011)

2. Keep families in the loop with instructional decisions (Aguilar, 2011)

3. Share students' successes. Positive encouragement is beneficial to the student. (Aguilar, 2011)

https://www.edutopia.org/blog/20-tips-developing-positive-relationships-parents-elena-aguilar

Van de Walle, J. A., Karp, K. S., & Bay-Williams, J. M. (2016). Elementary and middle school     mathematics: Teaching developmentally (9th ed.). Pearson.