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The idea that children have an innate language acquisition device (LAD) or system, and construct grammar by testing a hypothesis and revising it.

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The idea that second-language acquisition is done through constant drilling by the teacher and the use of audiotapes.

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The idea that caregivers provide additional support in children's innate language acquisition skills, combining both nature and nurture arguments.

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The idea that children learn their first language through a process of stimulation, response, and reinforcement, with imitation and association as fundamental bases.

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Children are a tabula rasa, or a “blank slate awaiting the scripture of experience” (Peregoy & Boyle, 2017, p. 61)

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B. F. Skinner, behaviorist

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“...Caregivers generally facilitate children’s vocabulary development, their ability to use language appropriately in social situations, and their ability to get things done through language” (Peregoy & Boyle, 2017, p. 63)

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Noam Chomsky came up with the idea that "infants must come into the world ‘prewired for linguistic analysis.’ ...Infants universally possess an innate ‘grammar template,’ or universal grammar, which will allow them to select the many grammatical rules of the language they hear spoken around them, as they gradually construct the grammar of their mother tongue” (Peregoy & Boyle, 2017, p. 61)

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Language Acquisition-- Created using PowToon -- Free sign up at http://www.powtoon.com/youtube/ -- Create animated videos and animated presentations for free. PowToon is a free tool that allows you to develop cool animated clips and animated presentations for your website, office meeting, sales pitch, nonprofit fundraiser, product launch, video resume, or anything else you could use an animated explainer video.

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Second-language acquisition is achieved by “imitation, repetition, and reinforcement of grammatical structures… Errors [are] to be corrected immediately to avoid forming bad habits” (Peregoy & Boyle, 2017, p. 65)

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Theories, Methods & Techniques of Teaching - Repition Drill Example

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The idea that second-language acquisition is done by constructing rules in a natural manner, similar to that of first-language acquisition.

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“Children’s grammatical errors were... examined to determine whether they could be attributed to influence from the first language or whether they were similar to the types of errors young, native English-speaking children make... the majority of errors were similar to those made by native English-speaking youngsters as they acquire their mother tongue” (Peregoy & Boyle, 2017, p. 65)

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Stephen Krashen of Krashen's Five Hypotheses

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The idea that a focus in natural communication between native and non-native speakers results in second-language acquisition.

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Negotiation of meaning - “...trial-and-error process of give-and-take in communication… As meaning is negotiated, non-native speakers are actually able to exert some control over the communication process during conversations, thereby causing their partners to provide input that is more comprehensible… by asking for repetitions or otherwise showing confusion. The listener may then respond by paraphrasing or by using additional cues to convey meaning, such as gesturing or drawing” (Peregoy & Boyle, 2017, p. 68)