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1. Use a range of methods including tables and column graphs to represent data and to identify patterns and trends (VCSIS069)

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Different living things have different life cycles and depend on each other and the environment to survive (VCSSU058)

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Different living things have different life cycles and depend on each other and the environment to survive (VCSSU058)

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Living things can be grouped on the basis of observable features and can be distinguished from non-living things (VCSSU057)

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(http://www.anpsa.org.au/APOL2009/aug09-1.html)

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(http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/invasive-species/insects-and-other-invertebrates/invasive-bees)

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(https://horticulture.com.au/avocado-study-flies-in-the-face-of-pollination-wisdom/)

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They have different shapes - why could that be?

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All brightly coloured

They smell nice

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(https://www.fix.com/blog/gardening-for-butterflies/)

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Lavender attracts bees in the Systems Garden

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(https://www.film.vic.gov.au/choose-victoria/locations/university-of-melbourne-system-garden)

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(http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/pollinators?crlt_pid=camp.P6zH9sOGnMYk)

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Solutions could include:

Bee hives save lives

Plant bee friendly flowers and herbs/plant more flowers

Don't use chemicals in your garden

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Plant bee-friendly flowers and flowering herbs in your garden and yard. Just planting flowers in your garden, yard, or in a planter will help provide bees with pollen to forage. Avoid chemically treating your flowers as chemicals can leach into pollen and negatively affect the bees systems.

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(https://sawyergardencenter.com/blog/30305/plant-these-to-attract-bees)

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(http://www.primezone.edu.au/item_details.php?item_id=303&item_type=resource&content_list_id=2)

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(https://australianmuseum.net.au/predicting-insect-pollinators-stage-4)

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This is a colour photograph of eight honey bees ('Apis mellifera') and a piece of broodcomb. The honey bees show a progression through the final three stages of development from larvae through pupae to mature adult. (https://www.scootle.edu.au/ec/search?q=pollination&field=title&field=text.all&field=topic&v=text)

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This is an assembly of honey bees ('Apis mellifera') on the surface of a comb. It shows a queen and workers, demonstrating the difference in the size and shape of their bodies (the queen is the largest) (https://www.scootle.edu.au/ec/search?q=pollination&field=title&field=text.all&field=topic&v=text)

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This is a colour photograph of the broodcomb of the honey bee ('Apis mellifera') showing open and sealed cells. The sealed cells contain pupating larvae. (https://www.scootle.edu.au/ec/search?q=pollination&field=title&field=text.all&field=topic&v=text)

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This is a colour photograph of a worker honey bee ('Apis mellifera'), showing its body structure, compound eyes and the stored pollen on its back leg.

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(https://youtu.be/zy3r1zlC_IU)

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Pollination lesson with stop motion science animation for kids

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From the Australian Museum (https://australianmuseum.net.au/predicting-insect-pollinators-stage-4)

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An example of what students could draw in their science journal
(Skamp, K., & Preston, C. (2014). Teaching primary science constructively. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral.proquest.com)

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(http://www.trendenterprises.com/ProdOneDetail.cfm?ItemID=T-38179#.Wqn56ehubD4)

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(https://www.sharkawifarm.com/parts-of-the-plant-diagram/plant-system-parts-of-a-flower-plant-parts-flower-diagram-plants/)

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(https://www.sweetreehoney.co.nz/More+Info/The+Buzz+Blog/x_post/The-life-cycle-of-bees-00162.html)

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The cycle of plant reproduction

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Pollination is the process by which plants reproduce.

Many plants depend on animals, particularly insects, to transfer pollen as they forage. Plants attract pollinators in various ways, by offering pollen or nectar meals and by guiding them to the flower using scent and visual cues. This has resulted in strong relationships between plants and the animals that pollinate them

What is pollination?

Pollination is the delivery of pollen to the female organs of a plant (stigma in flowers). Pollen is made by the male organs of a plant (stamens in flowers) and contains genetic information needed for plant reproduction. Pollen may be transferred to female organs on the same plant (self-pollination) or another plant of the same species (cross-pollination). As a result of pollination the plants produce seeds. Pollen can be dispersed by wind, water and animal pollinators such as insects, bats and birds. (https://australianmuseum.net.au/pollination)

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Students will keep a digital science journal - for example on Padlet.

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1. Evaluate the school garden as a rich source of insect pollinators and visitors. Which plants would be bee attractors? Which would be butterfly attractors? Can you see evidence of the insects visit? What are those clues? (https://australianmuseum.net.au/pollination)

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Elaborate on the mechanics of pollination. View the Methods of Pollination video. Create a craft flower and pipe cleaner insect. (https://australianmuseum.net.au/pollination)

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The concepts of pollination and plant reproduction are explained by the teacher and further explored by the students through the creation of a Padlet, Sway or PowerPoint presentation which the students then present to the class.

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Students draw an idea of how pollination and plant reproduction happen. They are further supported through open ended questions and a matrix that helps to organise the information that students find.

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Students are guided through the Systems Garden with certain plants and the chimney hive pointed out to them, giving students opportunity to explore and observe this environment and generate questions for a Know Wonder Learn chart.
GENERATE INQUIRY QUESTION as a class. POE - Predict, Observe, Explain

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What I've learnt about plant reproduction (to be filled after each class)

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What I've learnt about pollination (to be filled after each class)

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What I wonder about plant reproduction

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What I wonder about pollination

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What I know about plant reproduction

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What I know about pollination

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How does your chosen animal pollinate plants?

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How does your chosen animal pollinate plants?

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Give an informal class presentation (students are given information about a pollinating animal and must present this information to the rest of the class).

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Different animals that also pollinate plants (hummingbirds, beetles, bats, moths, butterflies, dragonflies, flies)
Which insects are pollinators?

Species of bees, beetles, flies, wasps, thrips, butterflies and moths are all successful pollinators.

These insects make good pollinators because they share two important features:

1. They fly, and so are capable of visiting many plants in a relatively short amount of time

2. They are motivated to interact with pollen, as they either eat it or food items located nearby (e.g. nectar).

The most sophisticated relationships between plants and insects are generally those involving bees. Bees collect pollen and nectar not only for themselves but also to feed their young. For this reason bees have developed a number of adaptations that make them particularly good pollen carriers. Bees have special hairs that are arranged to form pollen 'baskets' on their hindlegs and the underside of their abdomen. These adaptations allow them to gather and carry large volumes of pollen. Bees are ideal pollinators because they visit many flowers while carrying lots of pollen, before returning to their nest. So the chance that a bee will transfer the pollen between flowers of the same species is very high. (https://australianmuseum.net.au/pollination)

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The chimney beehive in the system garden was also the first of its kind and only chimney hive in Australia. Chimney hives work really differently, and require specific conditions to work in the interest of the bees.

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In the beehive is a European honey bee, however there are also blue-banded, leaf cutter and masked bees found in the Systems Garden. Native bees are very difficult to spot because they’re not as vibrant as the European honey bee.

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This tree is a female because it does produce fruit.

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This tree is a male because it doesn't produce fruit.

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The bee's home - a chimney hive in the Systems Garden

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The bee's home - a chimney hive in the Systems Garden

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What could the bees be doing? What types of bees are there?

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Why do the bees make a pattern of hexagons? What are they making?

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How could we help bees?

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(watch video).
Plant reproduction, would plants still grow without bees? What would happen if there were no bees?
Read a section of "How to Bee" book by Bren MacDibble, about life without bees, you will then draw on this to write your own idea of what life without bees would be like.

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Plant Reproduction, what do bees help plants to do?

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Life cycle of bees