# data[].attributes.body
* volunteer (n)-  voluntary (a) - voluntarily (adv) > if you do sth for free

* part-time >< full time

*abroad >> from / in another country

* ad/vert/isement > sth that trys to sell you a product

* CV > sth. that has a lot of details about your life

* technique >> 'special' way of doing sth [tekniek]

* experience > what you have learnt in your life so far

* fee > money that sth. costs (regularly)

* fund > money you collect & save

* expenses >> costs, money you spend

* loan > if you borrow money you take a loan

* cashier > person at the check-out / cash register

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https://stmaaprodfwsite.blob.core.windows.net/assets/sites/1/2025/03/Lots-of-sheep-web-c-CPC.jpg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=klyCTkfuC8M&t=62s

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Saf7J368544

5:30

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Woke Women are FREAKING OUT over Student Loan Repayments | Garnishing Wages for Student Loans

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Read the text and answer the following questions in GERMAN:

1. Für wenn außer Menschen ist die Spinne noch gefährlich?

2. Wie lange dauert es, bis eine Spinne den Brutsack verlässt?

3. Nenne einen natürlichen Feind der Jungtiere.

4. Wie lange leben Männchen / Weibchen?

5. Wer stirbt wann und warum?

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Subjects: Science

Years: F-2, 3-4, 5-6

Have you heard of redback spiders?

They are famous - or rather infamous - for being highly venomous. Not only are they dangerous to humans, but they can also be fatal to one another! Find out about the mating habits of redback spiders, and why mating is a matter of life and death for male redbacks.

Where does life begin for a redback spider?

A female lays her eggs inside a silken egg sac in her nest. A hatchling emerges from its egg after about eight days, then spends another 11 days or so inside the egg sac. Once it emerges from the egg sac, it does whatever a spider can. (As the song goes.) Females lay hundreds of eggs at a time because many of these will either be eaten by their siblings or die from a wasp parasite.

Female redbacks live for around three years, while males only live for seven months (remember they are part of the 'widow' family of spiders). Females tend to stay in one place most of their lives, shedding their exoskeleton up to eight times.

A male attracts a female by plucking on her web and doing a courtship dance. After mating she is liable to eat him. (Redbacks are one of the few 'sex cannibalistic' spiders.) But the female has a softer side - she would die for her offspring. And usually does.

Why do you think the female redback often eats her partner?

Date of broadcast: 22 Apr 2010

Copyright
Metadata © Australian Broadcasting Corporation and Education Services Australia Ltd 2012 (except where otherwise indicated). Digital content © Australian Broadcasting Corporation (except where otherwise indicated). Video © Australian Broadcasting Corporation (except where otherwise indicated). All images copyright their respective owners. Text © Australian Broadcasting Corporation and Education Services Australia is licenced under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0).

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Catalyst: Mating habits of redback spiders - ABC Education

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Subjects: Science Years: F-2, 3-4, 5-6 They are famous - or rather infamous - for being highly venomous. Not only are they dangerous to humans, but they can also be fatal to one another! Find out about the mating habits of redback spiders, and why mating is a matter of life and death for male redbacks.

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https://www.youtube.com/shorts/l__rHKG3-Ek

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rwpTLBePOJU

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Australia Shark Cull: Fishermen kill first shark in controversial Australian state culling program

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--> book

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https://unterrichten.zum.de/wiki/Passive/Passive_Present_Perfect

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?03

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Wordwall - Create better lessons quicker

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https://elt.oup.com/student/solutions/preint/grammar/grammar_10_012e?srsltid=AfmBOorr5QnwS79_Nsb8B2VBhxVvDd19f5SE0-jL6hInUUKYfxLTGLmd&cc=de&selLanguage=en

https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/passive-voice/pa017-present-past-simple.htm

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Watch the video and answer the following questions in GERMAN.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9R94zRdgW_g

1. Warum ist es so schlimm, wenn man einem Hai die Finne abschneidet?
2. Warum und seit wann essen viele Nation Haifischflossensuppe?
3. Was sind diese Flossen wert?
4. Kann die Suppe nur aus einer bestimmte Flossenart gemacht werden?
5. Was ist ein ärgerlicher Aspekt neben der Grausamkeit?
6. Welche Folgen hat "Finning" auf die Haipopulation?

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZnioDeQNlxQ

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Aussiest. Interview. Ever. What a legend!

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o5ZvCv7yUKk                        (Sails)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IdQjtfqPNQo&list=RDIdQjtfqPNQo&start_radio=1           (Pinball)

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E206WdilJAY

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Surviving More Deadly Australian Animals

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Additional questions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0YQwglgtTM

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Common Questions You'll Be Asked During An English Job Interview

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* image >> picture / photo

* currency > $£¥€

* rule > (v+n) if you have the power of sb./sth

* equal (adj) - equality (n) >> the same

* illiterate > not being able to read

* labour >> work

* servant (n) - to serve (v)

* sweep - swept - swept > to clean sth. with a broom

* sewer > water with waste that runs under the street

* constitution > set of rules for a country

* marry (v) - marriage (n)

* to avoid doING sth >> you try not TO DO sth

* well > hole in the ground where fresh water comes from

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Kids Share Their Holiday Traditions | Kids Try | HiHo Kids

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Understanding Traditions and Cultures for Kids

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZyERa5Wka3A

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8KGB9DDCOk0

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Kids Share Their Cultural Tradition | Show & Tell | Hiho Kids

# data[].attributes.body
* salary > money you earn
* pharma…. > having to do with medicine
* among
* almost >> nearly
* employ -er > boss /-ee > worker
* majority (n) > most of sth
* ahead > in front of
* stall > place where things are sold at a market
* sensitive > with a lot of feeling
* sensible > not doing stupid things
* religion (n) - religious (adj)

# data[].attributes.body
- Reading

- Listening

- Vocab. p. 147 - 153

- Grammar:

* Mixed Tenses

* used to

# data[].attributes.body
* opportunity >> chance
* rate > part
* blend (v+n) > mix / mixture (n)
* tax > money you have to pay to the government
* nail - fingernail, toenail - thing made from steel you put into the wall to hang up a picture
* to deliver > to have sth brought to you

# data[].attributes.body
* sin > something bad against the rules of God

* bathe > taking a bath

* to pollute (v) > destroying nature

- pollution (n)

* sewage > dirty water

* to force sb to do sth. > to use power to make sb do sth

* old - fashioned >< modern

* to have sth in common

* common > what most people do or think

* bride & groom

* divorce (n+v) >< marriage

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T0L0xXWobes

# data[].attributes.body
* Reading

* Listening

* Vocabulary p. 155 - 163

* Reported Speech (Aussagesätze, questions, requests, orders)

-------------------------------------------------------------

Vocabulary: 38 / WB 27, 28

--> siehe WORKBOOK, bereits erledigte Übungen dazu!

--------------------------------------------------------------

This is not for 25 /26!

Cover letter: 41/5

https://greenlight.com/learning-center/earning/summer-jobs-for-teens

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Top summer jobs for teens looking to make serious bank

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Discover 25 exciting summer jobs for teens that offer flexibility, good pay, and valuable experience. From lifeguarding to tutoring, find the perfect gig to earn money this summer!

# data[].attributes.body
* to walk the dog

* child (sing) - children (plur.)

* internship > trying out a job

* apprenticeship > learning to do a job

* accommodation > place where you sleep when not at home

* host > person who invites you

* to get along with sb

* to stay in contact with sb

* forest > place with lots of trees

# data[].attributes.body
* to convince > to make sb think what you think

* let - let - let

* even though = auch wenn

* to vaccinate - vaccination > to protect from a disease

* scam > sth. that tricks you

* to carry on with sth. >> to continue doing sth.

* donkey > animal that makes "Hee-Haw!"

* to attract (v) - attraction (n) - attractive > sth. that makes you want to come closer

* occasionally > doing sth every now and then

# data[].attributes.body
* honest ['onest'] > if you always say what you think

* punctual > if you are always on time

* habit > sth. do always do the same way

* prediction > what will happen in the future

* spontaneous > if you do things without planning

* first aid > helping sb person before the paramedics come

* foreign (adj.) > from another country

>< abroad !!

# data[].attributes.body
* decision (n) - decide (v)

* tool - hammer, screwdriver etc.

* strong (adj) - strength (n)

* flexible - sth. that will bend and does not break

* staff - the people who work for a company

* attn - to whom sth. (letter) is for ["ey-ti-ti-en"]

* require(d) >> needed >> necessary

* patience > if you are able to wait for a long time

* attach > to put sth. onto sth. else

* provide > give sb. what is needed

* to sign > write your name in handwriting (n) signature

* available > sth. that you can have because it's there

# data[].attributes.body
* to arrange (v) >> to plan - an arrangement (n)
* job interview
* approximately >> about
* to attend > to go to a school, class, university
* to ensure > to make sure
* to inform sb about / of sth.
* to receive >> to get
* suitable > suit-able... it is able to suit you >> it fits you
* diary > book in which you write every day
* turn the page > go to the next page
* crinkle > what your skin gets when you get old
! your book says there is an adj 'crinkly' ... i would rather use:
* creased

# data[].attributes.body
* to be supposed to > you should do / be
* waste > brushing teeth while the water is running is a waste of water
* to guess > not being sure but trying to come up with the (correct) answer
* attic > the room under the roof
* large >> huge,  big
* ugly  >< not nice
* slot > small, narrow opening
* to punch > to hit with your fist
* to calculate > 1+1=2
* mark >> grade
* satisfactory (adj) >> making you happy satisfaction (n)

# data[].attributes.body
* altogether > "all together" - alle zusammen

* superior > better than - überlegen

* adjust > to change - anpassen / ändern

* light > lit > lit - anzünden

* sigh > sound you make when you're frustrated - Seufzer

* human >< animal - menschlich

* self-employed > being your own boss - selbstständig

* discussion (n) - to discuss (v) - Diskussion

# data[].attributes.body
* (get) attention - Aufmerksamkeit
* audience > people listening to you - Publikum
* unusual >< usual - ungewöhnlich/unnormal
* expect > what you hope will happen - erwarten
* quote (n/v) > to repeat what somebody said - Zitat
* succeed (v) - success (n) - successful (adj) - Erfolg
* to focus - Augenmerk legen auf
* colleague !! college !! Kollege - Hochschule

# data[].attributes.body
* Reading

* Vocabulary p. 164 -  171

* Grammar: Passive in allen Variationen!

* Listening

* Mediation / Interpretation

------------------------------------

Exercises grammar: Click the pic on top of this post or go to: https://padlet.com/jo_genau/everything-reported-statements-orders-requests-and-questions-ugvmm4k9c092

Vocabulary exercises: book, p. 56 -p. 84 / 1 - p. 89 / 8

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMZYZcoAcU0

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https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/04/30/theres-no-escape-from-australias-refugee-gulag/

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MANUS ISLAND, Papua New Guinea - When I first entered the Manus Island detention center in early November 2017, I was confronted with an apocalyptic scene. Toilets overflowed with urine and feces; campfires burned in litter-filled corridors; blood-red graffiti riddled the walls; and zombielike figures lay slumped at odd angles on dirty mattresses and tables. Australia operated and financed this immigration detention center in Papua New Guinea, 758 miles from the Australian mainland's northernmost point.

I had arrived in the midst of a standoff between the Australian government and the refugees and asylum-seekers it had imprisoned there. After embarking on the treacherous boat journey from Indonesia to Australia, these men were intercepted by the Royal Australian Navy and transferred to Manus Island, where they were left for more than four years with little idea of what the future held and if they would ever be granted asylum.

In April 2016, Papua New Guinea's Supreme Court ruled that the detention of refugees and asylum-seekers on Manus Island was unconstitutional. Because the people held there did not arrive in Papua New Guinea of their own volition, the court ruled that they had not broken immigration law; therefore, keeping them in indefinite detention violated their constitutional rights. Eighteen months later, the Australian government was trying to circumvent Papua New Guinea's domestic laws by transferring detainees to three new "open" centers on the island. By allowing refugees and asylum-seekers free movement outside the centers, the Australian government could claim the people weren't imprisoned.

MANUS ISLAND, Papua New Guinea - When I first entered the Manus Island detention center in early November 2017, I was confronted with an apocalyptic scene. Toilets overflowed with urine and feces; campfires burned in litter-filled corridors; blood-red graffiti riddled the walls; and zombielike figures lay slumped at odd angles on dirty mattresses and tables. Australia operated and financed this immigration detention center in Papua New Guinea, 758 miles from the Australian mainland's northernmost point.

I had arrived in the midst of a standoff between the Australian government and the refugees and asylum-seekers it had imprisoned there. After embarking on the treacherous boat journey from Indonesia to Australia, these men were intercepted by the Royal Australian Navy and transferred to Manus Island, where they were left for more than four years with little idea of what the future held and if they would ever be granted asylum.

In April 2016, Papua New Guinea's Supreme Court ruled that the detention of refugees and asylum-seekers on Manus Island was unconstitutional. Because the people held there did not arrive in Papua New Guinea of their own volition, the court ruled that they had not broken immigration law; therefore, keeping them in indefinite detention violated their constitutional rights. Eighteen months later, the Australian government was trying to circumvent Papua New Guinea's domestic laws by transferring detainees to three new "open" centers on the island. By allowing refugees and asylum-seekers free movement outside the centers, the Australian government could claim the people weren't imprisoned.

After four years of incarceration, 600 refugees and asylum-seekers refused to leave the center, claiming it was not safe for them to live outside its walls. Many of them had fled wars and persecution, and now Australia was placing them in danger once again.

Every refugee and asylum-seeker I met already living outside the detention center in Manus Island among local citizens had a story of violence at the hands of locals. One frail Bangladeshi man had been hit with a machete, fracturing his arm and slicing his skin. The refugees claimed they were the targets of robberies from local people who demanded money, cigarettes, and mobile phones. A Rohingya man I met had his right wrist in a brace. It was the fourth time he had been attacked since leaving the detention center.

Having been brought to Manus Island by the Australian government, and without viable third-country resettlement options, these refugees were completely dependent on the authorities for their survival. In response to the men's fears and their refusal to leave the center, the Australian government cut off the facility's water, electricity, and food supplies in late October 2017. Then it evacuated staff and terminated medical services, all in an attempt to starve the men into submission.

This is what we have come to expect in Australia, a country that has been persecuting asylum-seekers for decades. People without visas have been seeking refuge by boat in Australia since the Vietnam War. But only since 1992 have Australian administrations - of both the traditionally center-left Labor Party and the center-right Liberal Party - adopted a deterrence policy. Put simply, the deterrence policy aims to prevent boats from ever reaching Australia, instead either transferring asylum-seekers to offshore detention centers or returning them to their point of departure before they can lodge an asylum claim. Such a policy directly contravenes Australia's protection obligations as a signatory to the 1951 U.N. Refugee Convention and its protocol.

In the aftermath of 9/11, then-Prime Minister John Howard's Liberal Party government manipulated public fear and suspicion by enacting the controversial Pacific Solution, which established offshore detention centers on Manus Island and the tiny nation of Nauru (a five-hour, 2,000-mile flight from Brisbane). Suddenly, Afghans and Iraqis fleeing war were labeled potential terrorists, illegal immigrants, and queue jumpers. This marked the dawn of a new era of dog-whistle politics in which Australian elections could be won or lost based on harshness toward people seeking asylum.

Howard and his immigration minister, Philip Ruddock, reasoned the best way to secure Australia's borders was to punish refugees with indefinite detention, with no time limits, no future, and no hope. It also encouraged people to "voluntarily" return to their countries of origin, even if those countries were still at war. This policy violated the principle, if not the strict definition, of the Refugee Convention's prohibition of refoulement (or returning asylum-seekers to danger).

The Australian government didn't monitor the fate of those deported. In the absence of any government verification of their safety, a small Christian NGO, the Edmund Rice Centre, decided to investigate and document what had happened to asylum seekers who were returned to countries such as Syria, Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe. The Edmund Rice Centre reported that of the 179 Afghan returnees in 2001, 31 had been killed - many of them by the Taliban. Despite these findings, and the worsening conflict in Afghanistan, the Australian government reportedly resumed deportations of Afghan asylum seekers in 2014.

One such "voluntary returnee" was Shahab. One evening in 2012, while I was working in the Nauru detention center for the Salvation Army, I walked past an ambulance and saw Shahab lying in the back. Shahab had left his family in Iran, fleeing persecution due to his Kurdish ethnicity, and made the dangerous journey to Australia alone. He planned to bring his family by plane once he had reached safety. When he told his wife he had been detained in the Nauru detention center, she didn't believe him.

Shahab couldn't tell his family when he would be released. There was no time limit to his detention. Even if he were released, he had no idea what would happen to him. Shahab's wife was convinced he had abandoned them, so she left him. He was so overcome with despair that he tried to hang himself from a pole inside his tent. Shahab attempted suicide three more times before he was eventually evacuated to Australia from Nauru and admitted to a psychiatric hospital. He later returned to Iran and the persecution from which he had once fled. He has since dropped out of contact.

In addition to forcing refugees back into danger, proponents of deterrence are also fond of arguing that stopping the boats has been a " humanitarian triumph." This rebranding of a draconian policy goes back to 2008, when Prime Minister Kevin Rudd's Labor government fulfilled its election promise to close the offshore detention facilities. Shortly after the centers closed, boats started arriving in Australian waters again, precipitated in large part by the violent conclusion to the Sri Lankan civil war. From 2008 to 2011, 263 boats arrived, and by July 2013, 862 people had drowned. In September 2012, Prime Minister Julia Gillard's Labor government reintroduced deterrence and reopened the offshore detention centers in Nauru and on Manus Island, claiming such policies would "save lives at sea."

It is impossible to correlate this justification for deterrence with the horrific reality on the ground. My father visited Nauru as a pediatric specialist in December 2014. At that time, there were 100 children detained on the island. He treated a 6-year-old girl who had tried to hang herself with a fence tie and a 2-year-old boy with behavior problems who had been prescribed anti-psychotic medicine. More than three years later, 30 of those 100 children remain on the island. More recently, in February, an Australian federal judge ordered the government to transfer a suicidal refugee girl, not yet a teenager, from Nauru to a psychiatric treatment facility in Australia. The judge ruled that failure to remove the girl, who had spent more than four years on Nauru, would put her at risk of suicide.

The current home affairs and immigration minister, Peter Dutton, has refused to transfer refugees and asylum-seekers held on Nauru and Manus Island to Australia for medical treatment, claiming that some people are "self-harming and people have self-immolated in an effort to get to Australia." Dutton even refused the transfer of a suicidal 10-year-old refugee boy despite the well-documented deterioration of the boy's mental health over four years of incarceration and advice from medical staff on the island. Australian Federal Court documents confirm that he tried to kill himself by swallowing pills and strangling himself with a curtain.

Over the last five years, it has become clear that however politicians justify deterrence, the effect is still the same. Australia's offshore detention system has become synonymous with abuse and is a humanitarian disaster while costing more than Children have been $3 billion since 2012. abused; women have been raped; the most desperate have set themselves on fire; and there have been numerous deaths, including the widely publicized murder of an Iranian asylum-seeker, Reza Berati, who was killed by a detention center security guard in February 2014.

Despite the clear human cost of detention, Australia's two major parties refuse to heed calls for more humanitarian policies. Politicians argue that compassionate border control policies reward smugglers, encourage boat arrivals, and cause deaths at sea. What they don't tell the Australian people is that offshore detention of asylum-seekers was always meant to be short term and was supposed to complement the establishment of viable alternatives to getting on boats. The centers were reopened in 2012 on the advice of an expert panel, which recommended that offshore processing would only work in coordination with a comprehensive regional cooperation framework.

Instead, former Prime Minister Tony Abbott's Liberal government dismantled regional protection agreements, announcing that asylum-seekers who registered with the United Nations in Indonesia after July 2014 would no longer be eligible for resettlement in Australia. By the end of December 2016, there were a total of 14,405 refugees and asylum-seekers stranded on Australia's doorstep, awaiting resettlement. There are close to 150,000 refugees and asylum-seekers registered in Malaysia with the Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), and almost 600,000 people of concern in Thailand. While the entire UNHCR budget for Southeast Asia in 2018 is approximately $325 million, Australia spends more than $750 million per year to keep just over 2,000 asylum-seekers in offshore detention centers. Meanwhile, Dutton has publicly floated the idea of organizing a special refugee intake of " persecuted " white South African farmers.

As Australia withdraws from its resettlement obligations in the region, it has become clear that the purpose of stopping the boats is not to save lives at sea but to shift Australia's responsibility for protecting asylum seekers to other countries. Deterrence does not save lives; it only stops people from drowning in waters near Australia. Hundreds of refugees who have been offered temporary protection visas now live on Manus Island and Nauru, where they have complained of violence at the hands of locals. While refugees struggle to live in the island communities, the impoverished local people are also forced to accommodate them.

In January 2016, a young African refugee woman on Nauru was raped while unconscious and suffering from an epileptic fit. She fell pregnant as a result of the rape. Despite her circumstances, Dutton's immigration department refused to bring the woman to Australia for an abortion, even though abortion was illegal in Nauru. Instead, he transferred the woman to Papua New Guinea, where abortion is neither safe nor legal.

Nauru is an island republic of 10,000 people; Manus Island's population is 50,000. Both islands have high unemployment, limited resources and health facilities, and are dependent on Australian aid. Long-term settlement of refugees in Nauru and Manus Island is unlikely and unsustainable. Nevertheless, the Australian government's stance on resettlement remains the same: Anyone attempting to enter Australia by boat without a visa will never be settled in the country. The only other realistic solution is third-country resettlement of the refugees. But Australia has achieved little in this regard since the centers were reopened in 2012.

In 2014, Australia and Cambodia reached an approximately $48 million deal to transfer refugees from Nauru and Manus Island. Only seven refugees have taken up the offer. Four of them left Cambodia within a year. New Zealand offered to resettle 150 refugees, but the Australian government rejected the offer, with Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull saying, "Settlement in a country like New Zealand would be used by the people smugglers as a marketing opportunity."

Yet in November 2016, Australia negotiated a deal in which the United States agreed to resettle up to 1,250 refugees from Manus Island and Nauru. In return for Washington's offer, Canberra agreed to resettle an unspecified number of Central American refugees. Thus far, the U.S. government has resettled 139 refugees from Nauru and Manus. But the future of the arrangement remains uncertain with U.S. President Donald Trump famously panning it as a " dumb deal." And as Turnbull advised Trump in a leaked phone transcript, the United States is ultimately not obliged to resettle "any" of the refugees. Even if the deal is successfully completed, approximately 800 refugees and asylum-seekers will remain on Manus Island and Nauru.

Australia's leaders know that they cannot continue their policy of offshore cruelty indefinitely. Any viable resolution will have to ensure third-country resettlement and permanent protection for asylum-seekers not admitted to Australia. Thus far, the Australian government has proved it is unable to provide adequate care for people seeking protection. And as much as Canberra might wish for a friendly future relationship between refugees and the indigenous communities of Manus Island and Nauru, the fact is that leaving refugees in these dire circumstances will only result in more harm and more deaths. Unfortunately, it appears that the Australian government is willing to risk the loss of a few lives in order to maintain the illusion of safe borders.

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There's No Escape From Australia's Refugee Gulag

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MANUS ISLAND, Papua New Guinea - When I first entered the Manus Island detention center in early November 2017, I was confronted with an apocalyptic scene. Toilets overflowed with urine and feces; campfires burned in litter-filled corridors; blood-red graffiti riddled the walls; and zombielike figures lay slumped at odd angles on dirty mattresses and tables.

# data[].attributes.body
·          rooster (cock-a-doodle-doo)

·         brushing teeth

·         breathing

·         bike clanking / rattling

·         running water

·         crickets

·         honking car horn

·         ticking clock

·         machines

·         fire

·         indistinct murmur

·         paper folding

·         birds twittering

·         learning / studying

·         had some food / breakfast

·         going to his first job – electronic shop (remote controls – speakers)

·         dusting the shelves -  read a catalogue

·         had / took a shower – changed clothes – had lunch

·         goes to school

·         back to work

·         studying – doing homework

# data[].attributes.body
* toxic > things that are poisonous, mostly chemicals

* evaluate > to see how sth worked

* device >> machine

* to / an address

* issue >> problem, topic

* to be tired of doING sth.

* to be fed up with sth > to have enough

* (in-)appropriate > (not) good for the situation

* way more >> a lot more

* to lose touch > not staying in contact

* going on > what is happening

* membership > being a member

# data[].attributes.body
* sort of > some kind of

* jealous of > if you want sth. another person has very very much

* shut - shut - shut

* speak out > say what you think

* despite >> nevertheless = trotz

* keep up with > stay informed and on the same level

* sign in / out

* to promote (v) - promotion (n)

* to whisper > talk in a quiet voice

# data[].attributes.body
* whether >> if

* request > a friendly question

* order > to tell sb to do sth --> "!"

* advise (v) > tell sb what you think is best

advice (n)

* sensible > not doing stupid things <-> sensitive >> soft

* take off

* department > part of an organization, school or buisness

* (on) sale > to be cheaper than usually

* context > Zusammenhang

* to harness > to make sth. useful

# data[].attributes.body
* famine > a time with no food
* to be based on
* annual (adj.) > happening every year - annually (adverb)
* scrapyard > place where you drop old cars
* handle > thing you touch to open a door
* a ladder has many rungs
* to guide (v) - a guide (n)
* to reply >> to answer (n: reply)
* swing - swung - swung
* blade > very sharp knife / thing on a fan
* close to > not far away from
* to secure > to make safe

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* tight >< loose -> !!! to lose / loser !!

* dozen > 12

* copper > brown metal

* socket > where a bulb sits in

* dizzy > if everything is spinning

* disbelief

* in addition > extra - (v) to add

* to recognize > to remember

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* to / a doubt [daut] - not being sure that sth is true
* to press >> to push >< pull
* button
* warranty > how long a product is repaired / replaced for free
* to affect
* to consume > buying & using
* unplug >< plug in
* reset > to set sth back to the beginning (RE-set)

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verbs + preposition

to focus on

to get rid of

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* to explore > to go and find out about a place

* devil > the bad guy who lives in hell

* bite - bit - bitten > put your teeth into sth.

* convict > a person who had commited a crime and is in prison

* to dive > to go under water

* testimony > to officially tell the truth about sth.

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verbs (sb) + infinitive with to

to advise sb. to do sth.

to arrange to meet

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* to aim at - to try to 'hit' sb or sth: "(ab-)zielen"

* target > sth you shoot at or want to hit

* to suggest - to give sb. an idea

* to appeal - to be attractive to you

* to lack >> to miss

* concern > if you are worried about sth.

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* luxury (n) - luxurious (adj)

* whereas - "wohingegen"

* ingredient - what is inside a product (food)

* artificial - made by man with chemicals, not natural

* organic = Dt.: "Bio"

* basic > very simple

* knowledge (n) - to know (v)

* environment - trees, water, air >> nature

* fairtrade - produced and handled  in a way that is good for people and the environment

* firm >> company

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* current > up to date (adj) / movement of water (n)
* sacred > stuff in a church
* to apologize (v) - an apology (n) >> to say 'sorry'
* to suffer = "leiden"
* to separate > to divide
* to treat (v) - treatment (n)
* to pass sth on > to continue giving sth. to sb.
* dignity >< indignity
* to be proud of (adj) - pride (n)
* nursery > place for little kids
* Cut it out! >> Stop it!
* to be employed >> have a job >< unemployed
employee > person with a job
employer > person who gives a job

# data[].attributes.body
https://padlet.com/jo_genau/ugvmm4k9c092

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* canvas > where you paint on
* bark > what protects a tree
* (en-)courage > not being afraid
* dot
* bright >< dark
* to use (v) - a use (n)
* to be in progress > sth. that is going on

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* adult >> grown up >< child

* descendants > people after you >< ancestors

* permanent > not removeable, staying forever

* mark > sth that identifies, a scratch, a spot >> grade

* scar > if your skin doesn't heal completely you'll get a scar

* used to do (GF) sth - didn't use to do (GF) = "früher mal gemacht"

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* venom > poison of a snake or spider
* snail > a small, slimy animal that moves very slowly
* backyard > area/garden behind the house
* jellyfish > a dangerous animal in the ocean (see pic.)
* sting > a bee or hornet stings if you step on it
* immediately >> instantly > at once, without waiting

# data[].attributes.body
* vinegar > you put this and oil on your salad
* tick < a small, useless, bloodsucking, disease spreading animal (see pic.)
* tweezerS > a small tool you need to grab tiny things
!!! Where ARE the tweezerS?? !!!!

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* friendly (adj) < friendliness (n)
* informal >> Clothes that are not fancy. >> casual >< formal
* to shorten > to make shorter
* Cheers mate! (BE/AustralienE) >> Thanks, my friend!
* cereal (s) > all kinds of cornflakes
* detention > having to stay longer in school
* to drown > to die in water
* corner > a room usually has 4 corners
* criticize - Watch the spelling! criticism (n) -> stem: critic

# data[].attributes.body
* to soak up > a sponge soakes up water
* being soaked >> totally wet >> drenched
* difficult (adj) - difficulty (n)
* get rid of sth > etwas loswerden
* current affairs > things people are talking about at the moment
* to realize >> to understand
* council
* to recommend > tell sb what you think is best
* authority

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* soak > being full of water
* to squint > to almost close your eyes
* campaign [kämpejn]
* to deny > to say sth isn't true
* to ignore > not paying attention to sth/sb
* accent [äk-zent]
* riddle > e.g.: Which letter of the alphabet has the most water?
* plain >> flat, nothing on it
* to bear - bore - borne >> tolerate, withstand
* calm > still, quiet

# data[].attributes.body
tournament >> competition
athletics >> jumping, running & throwing
venue > place where a competition takes place
to explain (v) - explanation (n)
spectator > sb watching a competition, show, concert etc.
to kick > to hit sth with your foot
fist > a closed hand

# data[].attributes.body
* indigenous >> native
* ancestor >< descendant
* disease
* government > people who run a country
* blanket & pillow > can find those in a bed

# data[].attributes.body
Listen to the fastest version once again at:

http://www.breakingnewsenglish.com/1502/150209-action-movies-4l.html

And try to fill out the gaps here by dragging and dropping:

http://www.breakingnewsenglish.com/1502/150209-action-movies-drag_gap_4.html

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https://padlet.com/jo_genau/h0j1obl58dyl

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https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_%28ESL%29/Causative*_have_something_done

https://test-english.com/listening/b1/why-saint-patricks-day-went-global-b1-listening-test/

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Causative: have something done worksheets and online exercises

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Causative: have something done worksheets and online activities. Free interactive exercises to practice online or download as pdf to print.

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Tenses (B1) - PDF Worksheets

https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/tenses/tenses_index.htm

https://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbtenseintro.html

https://agendaweb.org/verbs/present-perfect-simple-past-simple-exercises.html

1000s of Passive Exercises:

https://engelsklaslokaal.nl/en/english-grammar-exercises/passive/passive-various-tenses/

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Verb tenses are verb forms (went, go, will go) which English speakers use to talk about the past, present, and future in their language. There are twelve verb tense forms in English as well as other time expressions such as used to. For English learners, knowing how to use English tenses can be quite a challenge. Never fear. Englishpage.com's verb tense tutorial will teach you to think like a native speaker. Let's get started!

How to use this tutorial:

1. Read Types of Verbs, Active vs. Passive, and the verb tense descriptions you want to learn.

2. Do the verb tense exercises below. Each exercise has links to the tenses covered. And don't miss our Verb Tense Final Test.

3. Use our Verb Tense Chart to learn about the types of tenses, and read through Common Questions about Verb Tenses.

Verb Tense Exercises

About the Verb Tense Chart

Look at the verb tense chart above. Do you see how it is arranged? It tells you a lot about how English speakers understand time. There are four present tenses, four past tenses, and four future tenses.

There are also three simple tenses, three continuous tenses, three perfect tenses and three perfect continuous tenses. These groupings can help you learn how English verb tenses are used.

For example, all simple tenses have similar uses. Perfect tenses also behave in the same way. Keep this in mind while reading our verb tense descriptions.

Did you also notice that present tenses and past tenses only have one form whereas future tenses have two forms?

How can I learn verb tenses?

Our native language changes the way we think about time. It also changes the way we use verb tenses. For example, Germans often make mistakes with present perfect. Why? Because it looks like a tense in German, which is NOT the same.

For this reason, you have to learn to think like an English speaker. You must learn how we see time. Our in-depth verb tense descriptions will help you.

Make sure you understand the details. Do you know how non-continuous and mixed verbs change tense usage? If not, read those pages again.

It is also good to know active and passive verb forms well. You don't want to have to stop in the middle of a sentence to think about forms.

You should also take some time to learn the large number of English irregular verbs. Don't worry. It's easy with our irregular verb flashcards!

How many verb tenses are there?

The answer depends on who you ask.

Linguists say English has three tenses: past, present and future. They call simple, continuous, perfect and perfect continuous "aspects" of each tense.

People who teach English as a foreign language say English has 12 tenses (simple present, present continuous, etc.)

In addition to the 12 tenses, there are extra forms ( used to, would always, and future in the past) which are used to express time in English. Here at Englishpage.com, we describe 15 verb forms.

What are the most common verb tense mistakes?

The most common mistake English learners make is to use simple present to talk about things that are happening now. With most verbs, that's wrong. Present continuous should be used.

Another big mistake is using present perfect with set times such as last week. That is not correct in English. And most English learners have problems with will and be going to.

Again, don't worry. All of these tenses are clearly explained in this tutorial.

What sources should I use to study tenses?

First, start with this Verb Tense Tutorial. You need to know the rules well.

Next, watch TV and movies in English. You should watch shows with lots of dialogue. Comedies and dramas are best. You need to find programs with natural language. Many teachers use shows like Friends or The Big Bang Theory in class.

You also need to read. Again, it is best to read books with lots of conversation.Take time to look at the details. Do you understand why each tense is used?

Where can I see examples of all the verb tense forms?

Each page in this tutorial has a Forms section with a link to a Complete List of Forms. That list shows examples of all forms for that tense. Here is the complete list of simple present forms.

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The Best Verb Tense Tutorial on the Net!

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Free English verb tense tutorial with detailed tense descriptions and 30 verb tense exercises.

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https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-perfect-exercise-3.html

https://www.english-4u.de/en/tenses-exercises/past-simple-past-perfect.htm

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/zeiten/past_perfect_simple_past.htm

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Choose the past perfect or past simple tense in this free English grammar exercise.

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https://padlet.com/jo_genau/9e1bg796cm4o5qno

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LEVEL 1 - Positive sentences
Confirm the sentences with the correct form of 'so'.
1. You are late for school. ____________________________________ I.
2. You like red skirts.  ____________________________________ Jane.
3. My children go to St Johana's School.  ____________________________________ yours
4. Paul should behave more carefully.  ____________________________________ Kathrin.
5. Students were tired at the end of the day.  ________________________________  the teachers.
6. Mike speaks English very well.  ____________________________________ Sarah.
7. I am a teacher.  ____________________________________ you.
8. Vivian can get rich.  ____________________________________ Paul.
9. I am expecting a prize.  ____________________________________ you.
10. I will be at the party.  ____________________________________ Alfred.
11. Karim studied in the U.S.A.  ____________________________________ Henry.
12. You saw him.  ____________________________________ I.
13. Sam should leave school early.  ____________________________________ Lillian.
14. They must obey the instructions. ____________________________________ we.
15. Mary takes the train at 3 pm.  ____________________________________ I.
16. I washed my car yesterday.  ____________________________________ Kane.
17. Carmen is a computer scientist.  ____________________________________ you.
18. Catherine has eaten rice.  ____________________________________ they.

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http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/strukturen/gerund_infinitiv.htm

http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/gerunds-and-infinitives-exercise-2.html

http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/

What's the preposition?
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/strukturen/gerund_praepositionen.htm

Nach Einführung Folie 2.1
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/adjectives-and-prepositions-exercise-1.html

http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-10180.php

1000s more... not monitored, though....

https://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/index.htm

https://www.english-grammar.at/online_exercises/gerund-infinitive/gerund-infinitive-index.htm

https://agendaweb.org/verbs/infinitive_gerund-exercises.html

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http://masteringarticles.com/pair-nouns/

https://studfiles.net/preview/2400039/page:49/

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Overview Tenses ( we don't need the future perfect!!)
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/grammar/active-and-passive-verbs

Revision:
Simple Present:
https://online-lernen.levrai.de/englisch/aktiv_passiv/08_passive_voice_simple_present.pdf

https://www.ego4u.de/de/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises

Simple Past:
https://online-lernen.levrai.de/englisch/aktiv_passiv/30_passive_voice_simple_past_uebungen.pdf

https://www.ego4u.de/de/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?02

http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/passive-exercise-5.html

Homework 20.2.2018
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/aktiv_passiv/saetze_einsetzen.htm

In class exercises Progressive
https://www.ego4u.de/de/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?present-progressive

https://www.ego4u.de/de/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?past-progressive

Homework 14.02.2017
http://www.grammarbank.com/present-continuous-passive.html

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?past-progressive

Homework 1.3.2018
https://www.e-grammar.org/download/mixed-tenses-passive-exercise-1.pdf

1000s of exercises:
https://engelsklaslokaal.nl/en/english-grammar-exercises/passive/active-and-passive/

https://www.e-grammar.org/passive-voice/

New Vocabulary
--> Padlet "Space Tourist"

--> Signal Words Tenses
http://www.myengland.net/grammatik/html/zeit-signalw.html

Exercise Signal Words
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/uebungen/zeiten/signalwoerter_zeitformen.htm

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https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-61575.php

http://www.autoenglish.org/gr.better.i.htm

https://www.englishgrammar.org/had-better-or-would-rather/

http://baladre.info/english/sedaviwebfront/hadbetter.htm

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LEVEL 1 - Positive sentences
Confirm the sentences with the correct form of 'so'.
1. You are late for school. ____________________________________ I.
2. You like red skirts.  ____________________________________ Jane.
3. My children go to St Johana's School.  ____________________________________ yours
4. Paul should behave more carefully.  ____________________________________ Kathrin.
5. Students were tired at the end of the day.  ________________________________  the teachers.
6. Mike speaks English very well.  ____________________________________ Sarah.
7. I am a teacher.  ____________________________________ you.
8. Vivian can get rich.  ____________________________________ Paul.
9. I am expecting a prize.  ____________________________________ you.
10. I will be at the party.  ____________________________________ Alfred.
11. Karim studied in the U.S.A.  ____________________________________ Henry.
12. You saw him.  ____________________________________ I.
13. Sam should leave school early.  ____________________________________ Lillian.
14. They must obey the instructions. ____________________________________ we.
15. Mary takes the train at 3 pm.  ____________________________________ I.
16. I washed my car yesterday.  ____________________________________ Kane.
17. Carmen is a computer scientist.  ____________________________________ you.
18. Catherine has eaten rice.  ____________________________________ they.

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so / nor:
Level 2: so + nor with I

http://www.passporttoenglish.com/Advanced-English/Lesson3/Grammar.html

https://unterrichten.zum.de/wiki/General_Conversation/Agreeing_with_%E2%80%9Cso%E2%80%9D,_%E2%80%9Cneither%E2%80%9D_oder_%E2%80%9Cnor%E2%80%9D

Level 3: different subject

https://unterrichten.zum.de/wiki/General_Conversation/Agreeing_with_%E2%80%9Cso%E2%80%9D,_%E2%80%9Cneither%E2%80%9D_oder_%E2%80%9Cnor%E2%80%9D

https://www.test-english.com/grammar-points/a2/so-neither/

https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-49198.php

https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-89986.php

Disagreeing

https://en.islcollective.com/english-esl-worksheets/grammar/modals/agreeing-disagreeing/49189

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https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/Conditionals/CONDITIONALS_TEST_kg6500xu

https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/Conditionals/Mixed_Conditionals__km7222na

https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)/Conditionals/CONDITIONALS_TEST_kg6500xu

https://www.ego4u.de/de/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/exercises?05

https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/exercises_list/if.htm
(Übungen mit "1 Lücke"!!!)

https://www.ego4u.de/de/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences
(scroll down!)

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* harsh >> rough, brutal

* reasonable > sensible

* perhaps >> maybe

* thrilled >> excited

* to hire > to borrow something for money

* bar > long, round piece of metal

* bumpy > jumping up & down

* exhausted > very tired

* bench !!! bank ($$$)

* straightaway >> immediately, without waiting

* carriage >> coach

* to wonder > to ask oneself

* case - dt: Fall

* to/ a curse - dt: Fluch

* to keep on doING

* triangle > shape with three corners

* fabulous >> fantastic, awesome

* speed - sped - sped > to go very fast

* sweep - swept - swept

* shine - shone - shone

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* landmark > a special thing of a city, country etc.
* palace !! place
* sunrise >< sunset
* to impress
* reliable > If sb. will do what (s)he said
* item > thing
* medical (adj.) > having to do with medicine & doctors
* wage(s) > money you get for working >> salary
* benefit (n+v) > to get sth positive out of sth.
* cancer > the worst disease
* herbs - see pic.
---------------- Revision-----------------
* decent > not bad, not perfect but pretty good...
* recent > not long ago
* disgusting > sth that makes you go "URGH!!"
* labour  >> work
* access  >> entry
* claim >> "behaupten"... für sich und als These
* (in-)significant >> important
* issue > problem