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Battle of Tannenberg  August 26 to 30 , 1914.

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Battle of Tannenberg  August 26 to 30 , 1914.

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World War I began in August 1914.  In the east, Russian troops invaded Germany. In the Battle of Tannenberg, which lasted from August 26 to 30, Russia suffered a crushing defeat, losing almost an entire army.

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First Battle of the Marne September 6 to September 12, 1914.

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First Battle of the Marne September 6 to September 12, 1914.

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The first use of trench warfare

during World War I was in the First Battle of the Marne from September 6 to September 12, 1914. French and British troops stopped the German advance that had threatened to take over France. On September 10, 1914, the Germans began a retreat and dug trenches. This battle, in which both sides were locked in their trenches, led to a stalemate, with neither side gaining or losing much ground. It lasted for most of the war.

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The Germans tried to break this stalemate with chemical warfare. On April 22, 1915,

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The Germans tried to break this stalemate with chemical warfare. On April 22, 1915,

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Germany released 160 tons of chlorine gas, which the wind blew over the French troops. Over 5,000 French and Algerian troops were killed or injured within minutes, and the German army was able to break the French defensive line.

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The battle ended on May 25, 1915, when French, British, and Canadian forces regained the ground they had lost.

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The battle ended on May 25, 1915, when French, British, and Canadian forces regained the ground they had lost.

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Battle of Gallipoli Campaign  February 1915 January 1916

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Battle of Gallipoli Campaign  February 1915 January 1916

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Another major battle was the Gallipoli Campaign, waged from February 1915 until January 1916. British and French troops led this operation against Turkey to relieve pressure on the Russians. It ended in victory for the Allies but with terrible casualties, especially for the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom lost more than 200,000 soldiers.

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At the decisive Battle of Jutland in 1916, fought off the coast of Denmark, Germany initially led a strong attack, which forced the British to retreat. German forces followed them, and the battle continued. Eventually, the British managed to surround German ships and both sides retreated after a desperate torpedo attack from the Germans.

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The British used tanks successfully for the first time at the Battle of Cambrai on November 20, 1917. The terrain on this battlefield in northern France sloped downward, making tanks particularly effective at tearing through defenses. This battle also saw advances in airplane warfare. One new type of aircraft was specially designed to conduct ground attacks.

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The Second Battle of the Marne.July 15 to July 18, 1918.

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The Second Battle of the Marne.July 15 to July 18, 1918.

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The Second Battle of the Marne, fought from July 15 to July 18, 1918, was their last major attack. They aimed to split the French army so they could capture the French city of Reims. However, the French knew this attack was coming ahead of time. British, American, and Italian forces helped the French defend the Marne River, which prevented the German troops from advancing too far. American and French troops followed up with a series of offensives that  forced the greatly weakened German army to retreat. By the fall of 1918, Allied forces had liberated much of Belgium and France and were poised to invade Germany itself.