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Please complete the following questionnaire

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Join an activity with your class and find or create your own quizzes and flashcards.

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Dear students, please read carefully the readings regarding the definition, origin and importance of petroleum. Then review the information regarding the use of the present simple tense. Finally, write a sentence in the present simple for each subtopic.  Post it as a comment.

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Importance of petroleum as a source of energy and as a raw material 

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Importance of petroleum as a source of energy and as a raw material 

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Oil: lifeblood of the industrialised nations Oil has become the world's most important source of energy since the mid-1950s. Its products underpin modern society, mainly supplying energy to power industry, heat homes and provide fuel for vehicles and aeroplanes to carry goods and people all over the world.

In fact, oil meets 97 per cent of the world transport sector demand. In addition, it also benefits our lives in being vital to the production of many everyday essentials. Oil’s refined products are used to manufacture almost all chemical products, such as plastics, fertilisers, detergents, paints and even medicines, plus a whole host of other products that you might not expect.

Most oil is used for transport (car, lorries and planes) but around a quarter used for heating, chemical plants and in other industry

Here are some examples of what we owe to oil, every day of our lives:

At school: rulers, crayons, ink and cartridges, glue, coverings on books, binders...

For your health: coatings for pills, binding agent for creams, disposable syringes...

In the home: contact lenses, cosmetics, clothing, fabrics, nail polish, deodorants, shampoo, paint, upholstery and carpets, detergents for washing up and laundry, dry-cleaning fluid...

Out shopping: shopping bags, credit cards, egg cartons, plastic milk bottles

While cooking: non-stick pans, cling film, storage containers

For building: roofing tiles, pipes, insulating material, paint

On the move: petrol and diesel for cars and lorries, emergency services and trains, asphalt road surfaces

In the office: computer hardware, phones and faxes, diskettes, pens, chairs, printing ink

At your leisure: CDs, videos, cassette tapes, camera film, artists' paint, bicycle handlebar grips, tyres, crash helmets, football boots, trainers, shin pads, windsurfers, roller blades

Garden: fertilisers, pesticides, garden furniture

Reference: https://www.ukogplc.com/page.php?pID=74

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Crude oil is composed of hydrocarbons, which are mainly hydrogen (about 13% by weight) and carbon (about 85%). Other elements such as nitrogen (about 0.5%), sulfur (0.5%), oxygen (1%), and metals such as iron, nickel, and copper (less than 0.1%) can also be mixed in with the hydrocarbons in small amounts.

The way molecules are organized in the hydrocarbon is a result of the original composition of the algae, plants, or plankton from millions of years ago. The amount of heat and pressure the plants were exposed to also contributes to variations that are found in hydrocarbons and crude oil.

Reference: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/petroleum

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Petroleum

Petroleum, also called crude oil, is a fossil fuel. Like coal and natural gas, petroleum was formed from the remains of ancient marine organisms, such as plants, algae, and bacteria. Over millions of years of intense heat and pressure, these organic remains (fossils) transformed into carbon-rich substances we rely on as raw materials for fuel and a wide variety of products.

Origin

The geological conditions that would eventually create petroleum formed millions of years ago, when plants, algae, and plankton drifted in oceans and shallow seas. These organisms sank to the seafloor at the end of their life cycle. Over time, they were buried and crushed under millions of tons of sediment and even more layers of plant debris.

Reference: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/petroleum