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Foot Problems are a major cause of morbidity and mortalit... by brittany

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TOUCH this image to discover its story. Image tagging powered by ThingLink

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Neither Asian Elephants nor African elephants move quickly, they are very large animals so it stops them from having a fast speed. Adult elephants can way over 2.5 tons this means they have to find different ways to conserve their energy. They conserve their energy by different types of muscular work. They maintain their movement by mass per units which means instead of taking small short strides they take bigger steps so they can get to where they’re going quicker (Chiang, 2007).  But they are saving energy at the same time. Locomotion is a part of every animal’s transportation but it all depends on the situation on how they are going to get their and how much energy they are going to use. Elephants have many different ways rather than running or walking to get to where they need to go. When they are galloping, trotting, or even walking they have potential energy in case they have to run away from a predator. Where as in running they have kinetic energy and can get to where they need to be even fast, even if their running speed is not that fast (Hutchinson, 2008).

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Elephants do not stay in one place for very long. They move around to different areas to live because of food supply. They also travel because of drought, elephants need much more water than regular mammals due to their size. These are not the only reasons elephants move around there are many factors that make an Elephant move place to place. Both the Asian Elephant and African Elephant are facing extinction. Their species was upgraded to being a protective species because of the low numbers in their population. There are only 40,000 Asian Elephants left, and this is because people are destroying the forests by making commercial buildings and apartment complexes. This is not fair to elephants because the type of climate an Asian Elephant needs is inland forest areas, or a swamp forest (Jackson, 2010). Before they settle they always like to look for the food supply and see if it will accommodate their needs. Also they look for shelter, which is usually a place where there is logging history. The habitat an elephant needs is an area that is protected so they can start building their population back up.

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Elephants populations have declined over the years because of drought, and excessive anthropogenic pressures resulting in habitat loss, and desertification. Also poachers are becoming a huge reason why elephants populations are decreasing. Elephants are one of the largest mammals so they need a lot of food intake. their desired food includes nuts,flowers,stems, fruits,bark, although the fruits and flowers depend on the availability (Feldhamer, 2007).  Being mega herbivores elephants need to take in a sufficient amount of forage and water per day (Jackson and Erasmus 2005). This is why elephants require large home ranges, which is getting difficult for them more and more every year. The Increased human population all over the world is making a huge conflict between resources for humans and elephants. Also the food abundance as well as home ranges of elephants has undergone major challenges due to habitat alteration by biofuel producing companies (Wittemyer, 2007).  Many elephants are losing their food supplies which is making them lose weight and many of them go through malnutrition and some even die because of it. This diagram shows how the populations of elephants has gone down due to humans taking over lots of the resources that elephants need. We need to save our wildlife instead of ruin it until we do not have one anymore. Also there is this disease that a lot of elephants get, it mostly targets younger elephants because of the weaker immune system. It is called Endotheliotropic Herpesviruses (EEHV) this can be fatal to the elephant and is very common it captive elephants even though it can be seen in the wild (Akbar, 2016). This disease can be passed by bodily fluids and it usually comes from their trunk. It is a strain of the herpesvirus but it is not passed through sexual contact. This video explains a study about the EEHV disease and gives more information on how they want to treat it.

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Studying EEHV at the Smithsonian's National Zoo

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Aug. 6, 2015-Scientists at the Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute were the first to discover Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpes Virus (EEHV) in 1995. EEHV is a lethal virus and affects both elephants in the wild and in human care.

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Many Elephants do travel just for food, but food that is specific for their diet. They search for enriching minerals that will help their growth and survival. Yet this is very difficult for elephants most of the time and that is why elephants have a lot of deficiencies in calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, fatty acids, and iodine (Zhang, and Wang, 2007). The lack of iodine and sodium come from the lack of nutritious food, because of this lots of elephants have started eating soil. Crop raiding from people is a big factor when it comes to lack of food for the elephants and is a big reason why they are going endangered. Elephants can only travel so far to find dietary need food, and water. Elephants need food that are highly digestible and high in energy due to their large body size. Yet, studies have shown that the food they are actually eating is low in protein which gives them energy. This has a big effect on Asian elephants more than African elephants. Due to malnutrition the Asian elephant is going endangered at a rapid rate and this picture shows over the years how it has increased.