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Cooperatives for community development

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Globalization and Social Cooperatives
Cooperatives for community development

As of 2004 - 4000 Credit Unions and other Cooperatives in Canada (not including Quebec)
Total assets $174,000,000,000
History stretches back to 1860s in Canada
"An autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically controlled enterprise."

References:

Block, P., Community: The Structure of Belonging, Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.

Fairbairn, B., J. Bold, M. Fulton, L. Hammond Ketilson and D. Ish. 1991. Co-operatives and Community Development: Economics in Social Perspective. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada: Centre for the Study of Cooperatives, University of Saskatchewan.

Lafrenière, G., Zinabou, M., Riehl, M., & Hoy, S. (2010). On the challenges of inclusion and the co-operative movement for Francophone immigrants in Ontario. In Mook, L., Quarter, J., & Ryan, S. (Eds.) Researching the social economy (pp. 312-330). Toronto, On: University of Toronto Press Incorporated;

MacPherson, I. (2010). Co-operatives and the social economy in English Canada: Circles of influence and experience. In McMurtry, J.J.( Ed.) Living economics: Canadian perspectives on the social economy, co-operatives, an community economic development (pp. 35-65). Toronto, On: Edmond Montgomery Publications Limited.

Rusch, L. (2010). Rethinking Bridging: Risk and Trust in Multiracial Community Organizing. Urban Affairs Review, 45(4). 483-506.

Wilkinson, P. and J. Quarter. 1996. Building a Community-Controlled Economy: The Evangeline Co-operative Experience. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: University of Toronto Press.

Zeuli, K., & Radel, J. (2005). Cooperatives as a community development strategy: Linking theory and practice. The Journal of Regional Analysis & Policy, 35(1), 43-54
1. Voluntary and Open Membership
2. Democratic Member Control
3. Members' Economic Participation
4. Autonomy and Independence
5. Education, Training and Information
6. Cooperation among Cooperatives
7. Concern for Community

1) Pursuit of group and individual economic advantage

2) Transition for rural to urban

3) Inherited mainstream understandings
On pages 167 - 169 Block (2009) discusses Community Development and the Local Economy and notes the tensions between the mainstream large business community and social activists.

"The future is named development by the businesses and gentrification by the activists." p.167.

"We need to educate people about the politics of the dollar." p.168.

We believe that Block would agree that coops create sustainable economies and provide opportunities for self-sufficiency.

1. Voluntary and Open Membership
2. Democratic Member Control
3. Members' Economic Participation
4. Autonomy and Independence
5. Education, Training and Information
6. Cooperation among Cooperatives
7. Concern for Community

"The small group is the unit of transformation, the small group is the structure that allows every voice to be heard", p. 95.

Our goal is to, "Initiate and convene conversations that shift people's experience, which occurs through the way people are brought together and the nature of the questions used to engage them." (p.88)
MacPherson, I. (2010). Co-operatives and the social economy in English Canada: Circles of influence and experience.
Development of Social Cooperatives
Development in English Canada
The rainbow flag has been the cooperative emblem since 1921
What Would Block Do?
What is a Co-operative?
Conclusion
In keeping with these ideas, we have woven the themes from the articles into a game
"Cooperatives are viewed as important vehicles for
community development because they mobilize local
resources into a critical mass and their structure allows
them to be more community-oriented (Fairbairn et al.
1991; Wilkinson and Quarter 1996).

Cooperative businesses can be found in nearly all countries, existing in numerous and varied sectors of the economy." (Radel & Zeuli, 2005)
New generation cooperatives

Patron-investment cooperatives (PICs)

Worker-owned cooperatives
Processes of community interventions:
Bottom up
Top Down
Peripheral
The self-help model
Asset-based development
Self-development

Models of Community Development:
Analysis and Limitations of Social Cooperatives
Exclusions: Bridging and Bonding
Recruitment process and legitimacy for bridging
Community Development Challenges
Resources and Access to Power

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Globalization and Social Cooperatives Cooperatives for community development As of 2004 - 4000 Credit Unions and other Cooperatives in Canada (not including Quebec)Total assets $174,000,000,000History stretches back to 1860s in Canada"An autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically controlled enterprise."

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Prezi presentation

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Social cooperatives By: Nohelia Cardozo / Juan Camilo Torres Well, SC have certain characteristics: Explicit general interest mission Non-state character Multi-stakeholder membership structure Substantial representation of worker members Non or limited distribution of surplus Tell me more, please. I understood, but not entirely. Then, you may want to look at the following graph: Thanks for your attention!

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The most distinctive characteristic of social cooperatives is that they explicitly define a general interest mission as their primary purpose and carry out this mission directly in the production of goods and services of general interest.

Work integration, which is a key mission of many social cooperatives, should be considered as a service of general interest to all intents and purposes, regardless of the types of goods or services which they produce.

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The distinguishing feature of social co-operative from the company is primarily the  social objectives priority in profit making.
What is more, there is no profit sharing in the social cooperative and members are obliged to work for her. Each of its members has exactly one vote and all decisions are made democratically

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Social Cooperative is an economic entity, combining the characteristics of an enterprise and a non-governmental organization. 

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Social Cooperative is an economic entity, combining the characteristics of an enterprise and a non-governmental organization. 

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The main objective of the cooperative is to provide work to its members. But working in a cooperative gives them not only the opportunity to take up employment, but it is also a chance to gain experience.

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Social cooperatives exist to provide social services such as the care of children, elderly and disabled people, and the integration of unemployed people into the workforce.

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An Italian social cooperative is a particularly successful form of multi-stakeholder cooperative, of which over 11,000 exist. A "type A" social cooperative brings together providers and beneficiaries of a social service as members. A "type B" social cooperative brings together permanent workers and previously unemployed people who wish to integrate into the labour market.

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Cooperatives as a tool for social entrepreneurs

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Cooperatives as a tool for social entrepreneurs

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNyyh39CLf8

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Cooperatives as a tool for social entrepreneurs

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Creating a cooperative -- that is what some young people are doing to get out of the unemployment trap. In this report from Sweden, Generation Y reporter Nuno Prudêncio says in doing so, they are also contributing to the social economy sector. http://www.euronews.com/2013/12/02/co-op-tool-for-social-entrepreneurs At the office of Rabash, the day has started early.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NO-8iI7GW70

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Representatives from credit unions in North Carolina & South Carolina partnered with the Carolinas Credit Union League to talk about the Seven Cooperative Principles. Each participant shared a story or analogy that speaks to each of the principles. The Seven Cooperative Principles originated in Rochdale, England in 1844.

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Defining characteristics by European Commision:

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Defining characteristics by European Commision:

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an open and voluntary association

a democratic structure with each member having one vote

an equitable and fair distribution of economic results (...)

Cooperatives are enterprises that serve the needs of their members who contribute to their capital.

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Cooperatives have several defining characteristics:

an open and voluntary association

a democratic structure with each member having one vote

an equitable and fair distribution of economic results according to the volume of operations made through the cooperative

Cooperatives are enterprises that serve the needs of their members who contribute to their capital.

Why cooperatives are important

EU economy - there are 250,000 cooperatives in the EU, owned by 163 million citizens (one third of EU population) and employing 5.4 million people

Market share - cooperatives hold substantial market shares in industries:

Agriculture - 83% in the Netherlands, 79% in Finland, 55% in Italy and 50% in France

Forestry - 60% in Sweden and 31% in Finland

Banking - 50% in France, 37% in Cyprus, 35% in Finland, 31% in Austria and 21% in Germany

Retail - 36% in Finland and 20% in Sweden

Pharmaceutical and health care - 21% in Spain and 18% in Belgium

What the European Commission does

The Communication on the promotion of co-operative societies in Europe (2004) focuses on 3 main issues:

the promotion of the greater use of cooperatives across Europe by improving the visibility, characteristics and understanding of the sector

the further improvement of cooperative legislation in Europe

the maintenance and improvement of cooperatives' place and contribution to community objectives

Working Group on Cooperatives

The Working Group on Cooperatives was established in 2013 to assess the specific needs of cooperative enterprises with regard to a wide variety of issues such as the appropriate EU regulatory framework, the identification of barriers at national level and the internationalisation of cooperatives.

Upon the recommendations of the Working Group, two pilot projects are being implemented:

Business transfers to employees creating a cooperative - This project aims to make it easier to transfer businesses to employees/workers in a cooperative. It will also raise awareness about the benefits of a cooperative model. Two consortia have been chosen to implement the project. It started in April 2016.

Reduction of youth unemployment and the setup of cooperatives - This project will support the development of entrepreneurship education, focusing on cooperatives. It will encourage cooperatives to employ young people and promote start-ups. This will help provide youth employment and ensure the generational renewal of cooperatives. Two consortia have been chosen to implement the project. The project started in April 2017.

European Cooperative Society (SCE)

The European Cooperative Society is an optional legal form of a cooperative. It aims to facilitate cooperatives' cross-border and trans-national activities. An SCE must unite residents from more than one EU country.

Supporting information

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Cooperatives - Growth - European Commission

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an open and voluntary association a democratic structure with each member having one vote an equitable and fair distribution of economic results according to the volume of operations made through the cooperative Cooperatives are enterprises that serve the needs of their members who contribute to their capital.