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Cappadocia is the region that emerged when the soft layers formed by lava and ashes erupted by Erciyes, Hasandağı and Göllüdağ 60 million years ago were eroded by rain and wind for millions of years.

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Évora has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1986. The main reason for this distinction is the fact that Évora is the best example of a city from the golden age of Portugal after the destruction of Lisbon in the 1755 earthquake.
Considered a museum city, Évora has maintained its traditional charm throughout the the historic center to this day, within the Vauban-style walls built in the 17th century following the design of the French engineer Nicolas de Langres.

Mariana Ferreira, Matilde e Soraia 11G

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Corvin Castle was laid out in 1446, when construction began by order of Voivode of Transylvania John Hunyadi , who wanted to transform the former keep built by Charles I of Hungary. The castle was originally given to John Hunyadi's father, Voyk (Vajk), by Sigismund of Luxembourg, king of Hungary and Croatia, as severance in 1409, It was also in 1446 that John Hunyadi was elected as the regent governor by the Diet.

As one of the most important properties of John Hunyadi, the castle was transformed during his reign. It became a sumptuous home, not only a strategically enforced point. With the passing of the years, the masters of the castle had modified its look, adding towers, halls and guest rooms. The gallery and the keep - the last defense tower, which remained unchanged from John Hunyadi's time, and the Capistrano Tower (named after the saint, Franciscan friar from the Battle of Belgrade in 1456) are some of the most significant parts of the construction. Other significant parts of the building are the Knights' Hall (a great reception hall), the Club Tower, the White bastion, which served as a food storage room, and the Diet Hall, on whose walls medallions are painted (among them there are portraits of Matei Basarab, rulers from Wallachia, and Vasile Lupu, ruler of Moldavia). In the wing of the castle called the Mantle, a painting can be seen which portrays the legend of the raven from which the name of the descendants of John Hunyadi, Corvinus came.

Tourists are told that it was the place where Vlad the Impaler, Prince of Wallachia, was held prisoner by John Hunyadi, Hungary's military leader and regent during the King's minority. Later, Vlad III entered a political alliance with John Hunyadi, although the latter was responsible for the execution of his father, Vlad II Dracul. Because of these links, the Hunedoara Castle is sometimes mentioned as a source of inspiration for Castle Dracula in Bram Stoker's 1897 horror novel Dracula. In fact, Stoker neither knew about Vlad's alliance with Hunyadi, nor about Hunyadi's castle. Instead, Stoker's own handwritten research notes confirm that the novelist imagined Castle Dracula to be situated on an empty top in the Transylvanian Călimani Mountains near the former border with Moldavia.

In the castle yard, near the 15th-century chapel, there is a 30-metre deep (98 ft) well. According to the legend, this fountain was dug by 3 Turkish prisoners to whom liberty was promised if they reached water. After 15 years they completed the well, but their captors did not keep their promise. It is said that the inscription on a wall of the well means "you have water, but not soul". Specialists, however, have translated the inscription as "he who wrote this inscription is Hasan, who lives as slave of the giaours, in the fortress near the church".

The final action sequence of the 2015 Bollywood movie Singh Is Bling starring Akshay Kumar was shot at the castle.

In 2018, the castle was used as the "Cârța Monastery" in the horror movie The Nun.

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ANCIENT CITY OF SARDES

The ancient city of Sardes, located near the town of Sart in the Salihli district of Manisa, is the capital of the Lydian civilization. The ruins of the city, which have survived to the present day, have a very important position since it was the first place where money was printed in history. The region, which is frequently visited by both local and foreign tourists, was founded in The Late Bronze Age and was founded in M.He. 6. it bears the traces of the Lydian civilization that ruled until the century.

One of the leading cities in the ancient world, the region is known as the only city entirely directly connected with the Lydian civilization. In addition, the ancient city of Sardes, which has maintained its importance both administratively and commercially for many years, has the characteristic of being a very rich city. In particular livestock farming, agriculture, trade and gold mining were carried out in the area.

The city, which is surrounded by the largest defensive wall outside Mesopotamia, is hardly comparable in urban planning. The city is known as the beginning of the famous King's Road and today it is still known that quartz stone and gold inferences continue. The ancient city is located 9 km from the district center of Salihli and 82 km from Izmir. 5 km north of the ancient city of Sardes Bintepe tumuli in the name of a tomb consisting of 85 Lydian Royal Cemetery is one of the places you should visit after the ancient city.

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Pamukkale, meaning "cotton castle" in Turkish, is a natural site in Denizli Province in southwestern Turkey. The area is famous for a carbonate mineral left by the flowing of thermal spring water. It is located in Turkey's Inner Aegean region, in the River Menderes valley, which has a temperate climate for most of the year.People have visited the area for thousands of years, due to the attraction of the thermal pools.As recently as the mid-20th century, hotels were built over the ruins of Hierapolis, causing considerable damage. An approach road was built from the valley over the terraces, and motor bikes were allowed to go up and down the slopes. When the area was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the hotels were demolished and the road removed and replaced with artificial pools. There are well-preserved Roman ruins and a museum on site. A small footpath runs up the mountain face for visitors to use, however the travertine terraces are all off-limits, having suffered damage, erosion and water pollution due to tourism.

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Cappadocia, a semi-arid region in central Turkey, is known for its distinctive “fairy chimneys,” tall, cone-shaped rock formations clustered in Monks Valley, Göreme and elsewhere. Other notables sites include Bronze Age homes carved into valley walls by troglodytes (cave dwellers) and later used as refuges by early Christians. The 100m-deep Ihlara Canyon houses numerous rock-face churches.

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Ephesus was an ancient port city whose well-preserved ruins are in modern-day Turkey. The city was once considered the most important Greek city and the most important trading center in the Mediterranean region. Throughout history, Ephesus survived multiple attacks and changed hands many times between conquerors. It was also a hotbed of early Christian evangelism and remains an important archaeological site and Christian pilgrimage destination.
Ephesus is located near the western shores of modern-day Turkey, where the Aegean Sea meets the former estuary of the River Kaystros, about 80 kilometers south of Izmir, Turkey.

According to legend, the Ionian prince Androclos founded Ephesus in the eleventh century B.C. The legend says that as Androclos searched for a new Greek settlement, he turned to the Delphi oracles for guidance. The oracles told him a boar and a fish would show him the new location.

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Aigai (Aeolis) ancient city

aigai ancient city is at Manisa Turkey. it was built by Lydian people then it was conquered by kingdom of pergamon. and then it changed hands. from pergamon to selecuid empire. In 129 BC the Kingdom of Pergamon became part of the Roman Empire. The city was destroyed by an earthquake in 17 AD and received aid for reconstruction from emperor

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Topkapı PalaceThe Topkapı Palace is a large museum in the east of the Fatih district of Istanbul in Turkey. In the 15th and 16th centuries it served as the main residence and administrative headquarters of the Ottoman sultans. Construction, ordered by the Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror, began in 1459, six years after the conquest of Constantinople. Topkapı was originally called the "New Palace" to distinguish it from the Old Palace in Beyazıt Square. It was given the name Topkapı, meaning Cannon Gate, in the 19th century. The complex expanded over the centuries, with major renovations after the 1509 earthquake and the 1665 fire. The palace complex consists of four main courtyards and many smaller buildings. Female members of the Sultan's family lived in the harem, and leading state officials, including the Grand Vizier, held meetings in the Imperial Council building.

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Topkapı PalaceThe Topkapı Palace is a large museum in the east of the Fatih district of Istanbul in Turkey. In the 15th and 16th centuries it served as the main residence and administrative headquarters of the Ottoman sultans. Construction, ordered by the Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror, began in 1459, six years after the conquest of Constantinople. Topkapı was originally called the "New Palace" to distinguish it from the Old Palace in Beyazıt Square. It was given the name Topkapı, meaning Cannon Gate, in the 19th century. The complex expanded over the centuries, with major renovations after the 1509 earthquake and the 1665 fire. The palace complex consists of four main courtyards and many smaller buildings. Female members of the Sultan's family lived in the harem, and leading state officials, including the Grand Vizier, held meetings in the Imperial Council building.

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Sighisoara is a small city in the Transylvania region of Romania, with a history dating back to the 1100s. Back then, the Hungarian king was begging Saxons to move to this part of the world in order to help defend his borders. German craftsmen and artisans took him up on it, and what resulted is today a fairy-tale-like fortified city in the heart of Romania.

It's no wonder this whole place is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

With cobbled streets, colorful buildings, and a pedestrian-friendly Old Town, it's difficult not to fall in love with Sighisoara. Yes, it's a touristy place. And yes, it can feel a bit crowded in the summer. But it's still well worth a visit.

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The 7th most populous city in Romania, Brasov was formed in 1211 when King Andrew II of Hungary ordered the Teutonic Knights to fortify the borders of what was then the Kingdom of Hungary.  The knights today are long gone, but thanks to the cities position as a significant hub on the trade roads between East and West, Brasov continued to grow.

Today Brasov is filled with gothic, baroque, and renaissance architecture and plenty of curious historical attractions – like the Black Church, the largest gothic church between Vienna and Istanbul. Like stepping back time, the medieval vibes exuded here make Brasov an intoxicating and not to be missed attraction in Transylvania

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One of the most important artistic centers of Romania, the medieval city of Sibiu today, has successfully reinvented itself as a livable home for beatnik artists and those who what the culture of Bucharest without the fast-pace of life (and sprawling traffic jams).

Indulge in the cities growing coffee culture, wander historic plazas, explore art in baroque palaces, or be reinvigorated by the unbridled creativity of its residents. A fusion of old and new Romania, it is no wonder the cosmopolitan Sibiu is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the country. Plan to stay at least a few days to take in its highlights, or use it as a great jumping-off base for exploring the surrounding region of Transylvania.

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Feel tiny standing in front of one of the world’s biggest buildings, which consumes as much electricity as a medium city!

The Palace of the Parliament is the current seat of the Parliament of Romania, found in the capital, Bucharest. Built over 13 years from 1984 to 1997, this grand moment to socialist realist and modernist neoclassical architecture was ordered by Nicolae Ceaușescu, the dictator of Communist Romania and designed by a team of approximately 700 architects. Today it is still the world’s largest civilian building with an administrative function, as well as being the heaviest and most expensive building.

Its interior constitutes 23 orant sections, and today has been repurposed to house the two houses of the Parliament of Romania: the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. In addition, there is also an international conference center and three museums, including the  National Museum of Contemporary Art, the Museum of Communist Totalitarianism, and the Museum of the Palace. Even with these extraordinary uses, 70% of the building still remains empty.

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Follow in Prince Charles’s footsteps and explore every inch of this exemplary fortified church, which is protected by UNESCO. Viscri has strong Saxon roots, and if you’re lucky, the Prince of Wales may be visiting his house here!

Yes, the Prince Charles of Wales did indeed buy a house here, but there is plenty of reasons to visit even for non-Royalists. The exalted fortified church, the adorable local guesthouses, and the famous barn restaurant serving traditional Romanian specialties all spring to mind. You can also hike or bike the many paths around the town, which give sweeping landscape views of the 13th-century village surrounded by green pastures and dense oak forests.

If you decide to stay the night in Viscri, don’t miss the evening ‘cow parade’ where the 300 cows return from the surrounding fields in which they graze. This is about as local as it gets!

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An open-air museum and a national tourist attraction that has somewhat recently rose to prominence due to one specific unusual feature of this cemetery. The Merry Cemetary, as the name suggests, does not treat death as something indelibly solemn but instead that death should be a moment overflowing with joy and expectation of a better life.

This belief is connected with the local Dacian culture and results here in bright illustrations and dark humor being exhibited on gravestones. “Underneath this heavy cross. Lies my mother in law poor… Try not to wake her up. For if she comes back home. She’ll bite my head off.”

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Çatalhöyük is a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic Age settlement in Central Anatolia, "which became a settlement 9 thousand years ago. The mound in the (west) surrender was inhabited during the Chalcolithic Age.[4] It is located on the land, which is 52 km in today's Konya, 136 km away from Hasandağı, 11 km from the military plain of Çumra district. His son forms a settlement in the Neolithic Age reaching a height of 20 meters from the plain, as well as a settlement to the west and a Byzantine settlement a few hundred meters to the east.

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Göbeklitepe or Göbekli Tepe is the oldest known group of cult structures in the world, located 18 km northeast of Şanlıurfa city center, near Örencik village. The common feature of these structures is that 10-12 T-shaped obelisks are arranged in a circular plan, and between them are built with a stone wall. In the center of this structure, two higher obelisks were placed opposite each other. Humans, hands and arms, various animals and abstract symbols are embossed or carved on most of these obelisks. The motifs in question have been used too intensely to be an ornament from place to place. It is thought that this composition expresses a story, a narrative or a message. Bull, wild boar, fox, snake, wild duck and vulture are the most common motifs in animal motifs. It is described as a cult center, not a settlement.

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According to archaeological data, the history of the settlement in the region dates back to the Neolithic Age. There are various explanations for the origin of the name of the settlement. The first is that it comes from Silen (Silene) in Greek mythology. It is also an accepted explanation that 'Silenos' derives from the word boiling, bubbling and running water.

During the Roman and Byzantine periods, it was an important religious center as it was located on the way to Jerusalem. Ak Monastery ("Hagios Khariton Monastery", "Deyr-i Platon"), one of the oldest and largest monasteries in the world, is here and has served uninterruptedly for about 800 years. Ak Monastery was also visited by the Mevlevi dervishes living in Konya and a small mosque was built in its garden. It is the settlement where the Karamanli Orthodox lived before the population exchange.

As it was in the Seljuk period, it never lost its importance in the Ottoman period as it was on the historical Silk and Spice roads. In Ottoman sources, it became the center of Sille township and later township of Sudirhemi township. According to the records dated 1907, while Muslims and non-Muslims lived together in 13 neighborhoods of Sille, only Muslims lived in Karataş and Ak neighborhoods, and only Christian communities lived in Church-i Kebir neighborhood. Before the Republic, its population reached 18,000. Until the 1924 population exchange, the settlement was inhabited by a Christian majority. Hungarian traveler Bela Horvarth wrote in the notes she took during her trip to Anatolia in 1913 that 60 churches were still standing in Sille in those years.

Many small churches carved into soft volcanic rocks, Ottoman tombstones and the Archangelos Michael church, which have survived to the present day, can be visited in the village. The church was built by Helena (Ayia Eleni), the mother of the first Christian Byzantine emperor Constantine, in the name of Michael Archangelos in 327 AD.

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The cave is situated at 82 m (269 ft) above main sea level on the eastern bank of Erçek Creek, which has eroded its riverbed to a deeper level.[4] It is an active or semi-active speleogenesis cave system that has been forming since the rocks were laid down in the Neogene period, between 7.0 and 2.5 million years ago. The karst cave was formed horizontally inside carboniferous limestone.[5] The cave consists of four distinct rock layers, which show that the region underwent four different geomorphological periods. An east-west directed fault was also instrumental in the formation of the cave in addition to the dissolution of limestone by carbonic acid.[3]
The total length of the east–west directed cave is 3,350 m (11,000 ft). It consists of a main gallery and two auxiliary galleries, one stretching towards north and the other southwards.[4] The cave has three entrances, two of them being from previous periods, and one is still active. Situated beside Erçek Creek, the hydrological active entrance is inaccessible to humans because it is narrow and wet. The cave is entered through a large mouth located at a higher level.[3] A 875 m (2,900 ft)-long portion of the cave is open to public.[1][2][6]

https://youtu.be/aKSoeY_0hcw

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The Kornati National Park is often mentioned as "nautical paradise" in tourist publications.The Kornati National Park covers the bigger part of the Kornati waters. Because of their exceptional landscape beauty, interesting geomorphology, highly jagged and indented coast as well as because of rich communities of the submarine eco-system, the islands were made a national park in 1980. If you want to visit the Kornati by boat, there is a whole range of boat type and capacity on offer. Daily tours of the Kornati National Park are organised by ship owners and operators registered for the transport of passengers by boat and who have a contract with the Kornati National Park for such activities in the Park.

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The Sea organ (Croatia: Morske orgulje) is an architectural sound art object located in Zadar,Croatia  and an experimental musical instrument, which plays music by way of sea waves and tubes located underneath a set of large marble steps.
Chaotic reconstruction work was undertaken to repair the devastation Zadar suffered in the Second world war. The frantic reconstruction turned much of the sea front into an unbroken, monotonous concrete wall.

The device was made by the architect Nikola Bašićas part of the project to redesign the new city coast (Nova rive) and the site was opened to the public on 15 April 2005.[1] The waves interact with the organ and create somewhat random but harmonic sounds.

The Sea Organ has drawn tourists and locals alike. White marble steps leading down to the water were built later. Concealed under these steps, which both protect and invite, is a system of polyethylene tubes and a resonating cavity.

In 2006, the Sea Organ was awarded with the prize ex-aequo of the fourth edition of the European Prize for Urban Public Space.

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Located on the coast of the Adriatic in Croatia's popular Istria region is the historic city of Pula. It's well worth including on your travel itinerary. In addition to its lovely seaside setting, including a number of fine beaches, Pula is well known for its well-preserved Roman architecture, and makes for an excellent day trip for those staying in other parts of the country. Though inhabited by humans for tens of thousands of years, it was the Romans over 2,000 years ago who left their mark. Of the numerous examples of Roman buildings that remain, none are as impressive or as big as the Pula Arena (Pulska Arena). Ordered built around the 1st century by Emperor Vespasian, it's one of the largest surviving Roman amphitheaters, rivaled only by its famous cousin, the Colosseum in Rome.

Designed to host crowds of up to 20,000 people, it was used predominantly for entertainment such as gladiator fighting and jousting. Thanks to careful reconstruction, this impressive structure to this day can still host audiences of up to 5,000 visitors during its regular summer schedule of concerts and festivals. A number of other Pula Roman ruins are also worth seeing. Of these, the best is the Roman Forum, a well-preserved ancient square that for centuries has been at the center of town life. Here, you'll also find the Temple of Augustus (Augustov Hram), a finely preserved columned structure, which boasts a collection of Roman sculptures.

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Dubrovnik, Croatia's most glamorous tourist destination and a UNESCO World Heritage site, centers on the magnificent Old Town area, contained within sturdy medieval defensive walls. Any first-time sightseeing tour of the city should begin with a walk around these sturdy old ramparts (the complete circuit measures two kilometers), which incorporate fortresses, towers, and cannons along the way.

Split, Croatia's second biggest city after Zagreb, was established within the ancient Roman walls of the huge Diocletian's Palace (Dioklecijanova palaca). Situated overlooking the Adriatic Sea, it was built by Roman Emperor Diocletian, who retired here in AD 305.

Croatia's most visited inland attraction, Plitvice Lakes National Park (Nacionalni park Plitvicka jezera) encompasses steep forested hillsides surrounding 16 emerald-blue lakes connected by a succession of thundering waterfalls. A network of footpaths and wooden bridges crisscrosses the park (the country's first national park), and the entrance ticket includes boat rides across the lakes.

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Historic cities and unspoilt nature are some of Croatia's top attractions. The vibrant capital city of Zagreb is home to some of the country's best museums, galleries, restaurants, and shopping. On the Adriatic, Croatia's blissful islands are a haven for yachters and those wanting to simply relax and enjoy the Mediterranean sunshine. Dubrovnik, Croatia's most glamorous tourist destination and a UNESCO World Heritage site, centers on the magnificent Old Town area, contained within sturdy medieval defensive walls. Split, Croatia's second biggest city after Zagreb, was established within the ancient Roman walls of the huge Diocletian's Palace. Situated overlooking the Adriatic Sea, it was built by Roman Emperor Diocletian. Many tourists visit Croatia to explore the blissful Dalmatian islands, of which the most fashionable is Hvar. Here, the trendy city of Hvar is home to some of the country's top hotels and best seafood restaurants. Croatia's most visited inland attraction, Plitvice Lakes National Park encompasses steep forested hillsides surrounding 16 emerald-blue lakes connected by a succession of thundering waterfalls. Located on the coast of the Adriatic in Croatia's popular Istria region, the historic city of Pula is well worth including on your travel itinerary. In addition to its lovely seaside setting, including a number of fine beaches, Pula is well known for its well-preserved Roman architecture, and makes for an excellent day trip for those staying in other parts of the country.

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In Portugal, the Algarve is one of the most visited areas by tourists in summer. The most appealing places for tourists are the beaches and some of them have already been considered the most beautiful in the world, and in its cliffs there are caves that can be visited by various aquatic means. One of the other focuses of preference to the Algarve are the various types of water parks, along with the sand museum for its grandiose and realistic statues.

By Nicole, Margarida M and Daniela