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Abrasion- Top layer of skin wears away, exposing numerous blood capillaries.

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Initial Care: Wash your hands. This helps avoid infection. Stop the bleeding. Clean the wound. Apply an antibiotic or petroleum jelly. Cover the wound. Change the dressing. Get a tetanus shot. Watch for signs of infection.

Post Care: Cover a wound that bled with a thin layer of topical antibiotic ointment, like Bacitracin, or a sterile moisture barrier ointment, like Aquaphor. Cover it with a clean bandage or gauze. Gently clean the wound and change the ointment and bandage once per day.

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Lacerations- Occurs when a blunt force is delivered over a sharp bone or a bone that is poorly padded, giving a wound the appearance of a jagged-edge cavity.

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Initial Care: Stop the Bleeding. Apply direct pressure on the area. Clean and Protect. Clean the area with warm water and gentle soap. Call a Doctor. Follow Up. Stop the Bleeding. Clean and Protect. Get Medical Help. Follow Up.

Post Care: Do not get your wound wet until your healthcare provider says it is okay. Change your bandages when they get wet, dirty, or after washing. Apply antibiotic ointment as directed. Check your wound every day for signs of infection, such as swelling, redness, or pus.

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Initial Care: Gently wash it with soap and water to remove the crust. Do not scrub or soak the wound. Do not use rubbing alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, or iodine, which can harm the tissue and slow wound healing. Air-dry the incision or pat it dry with a clean, fresh towel before reapplying the dressing.

Post Care: Apply an antibiotic cream or ointment, such as Aquaphor or Vaseline, to your incision site, and keep it covered with appropriate bandaging to prevent dirt, bacteria, and other irritants from entering the wound. A moist environment helps the cells to replicate and properly bond together to close up the incision faster.

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Puncture Wounds- A wound made by a pointed object such as a nail, knife, or sharp tooth.

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Initial Care: Wash your hands. This helps prevent infection. Stop the bleeding. Apply gentle pressure with a clean bandage or cloth. Clean the wound. Rinse the wound with clear water for 5 to 10 minutes. Apply an antibiotic. Cover the wound. Change the dressing. Watch for signs of infection.

Post Care: After the first 24 to 48 hours, wash the wound with clean water 2 times a day. Don't use hydrogen peroxide or alcohol, which can slow healing. You may cover the wound with a thin layer of petroleum jelly, such as Vaseline, and a non-stick bandage. Apply more petroleum jelly and replace the bandage as needed.

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Avulsion Wounds- Skin is torn from the body.

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Initial Care: Clean the wound surface. Fold tissue into normal position. Control bleeding. Dress the wound. Get medical help and send to hospital.

Post Care: Keep the wound clean and dry for the first 24 to 48 hours, or as your healthcare provider advises. If there is a dressing or bandage, change it when it gets wet or dirty. Otherwise, leave it on for the first 24 hours, then change it once a day or as often as the healthcare provider says. If stitches or staples were used, check the wound every day. After taking off the dressing, wash the area gently with soap and water. Clean as close to the stitches as you can. Don't wash or rub the stitches directly.

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Universal precautions needed when caring for a wound

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Universal precautions needed when caring for a wound

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Wear disposable gloves and other protective barriers while examining all patients and while handling needles, scalpels, and other sharp instruments.

Washing hands and other skin surfaces that are contaminated with blood or body fluids immediately after a procedure or examination.

Changing gloves between patients and never reusing gloves.

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How to recognize an infection in a wound

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How to recognize an infection in a wound

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1. Redness, warmth around the wound

2. Edges look like they are opening

3. Yellow, yellow-green, or foul-smelling drainage from a wound

4. More pain, swelling, or redness in or near a wound

5. A change in the color or size of a wound

6. Red streaks in the skin around the wound

7. Fever