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The structure of fats or lipids is a triglyceride, which is composed of 3 Fatty acids and 1 glycerol. During digestion these lipids are broken down into fatty acids, which can be used for fatty acid oxidation.

Fats can be monounsaturated, polyunsaturated or saturated. This is determined by the number of double bonds in the fatty acid chain. Saturated fatty acids lack double bonds whereas unsaturated fatty acids have at least one double bond between carbon atoms, causing kinks in the chain.

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Fat
30% of total energy intake ~ Less than 70g in a day

Saturated Fat
Less than 10% of total energy intake ~ Less than 25g in a day

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Fats are the most concentrated form of energy for the human body (37 kJ/g). This is double that of the kJ in carbohydrates and proteins.

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Fat is one of the main three sources of energy in the body and is the most energy-dense containing two times more kJ than protein and carbohydrates.

Fat is digested and stored as fatty acids in the body's fat tissue which is then released when energy is required. Fat also serves as a medium for transporting fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamins A, D, E, and K.

Another function of fat is that it provides protection and cushioning for internal and reproductive organs.