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The language and vocabulary are even more complex, and the stories are longer and more literary. Readers process a great deal of dialogue and reflect it through appropriate word stress and phrasing in oral reading. In fiction, they will find that plots and character are more elaborated but are still simple and straightforward.

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connect words that have similar features
sight word games
phonogram patterns
letter clusters
beginnings
endings
words with the same rime-
words with contractions
ending that are in one's own oral vocabulary (running, painting)

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Interactive Learning Sites for Education

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Interactive Learning Sites for Education

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Starfall Education: Kids Games, Movies, Books & Music for K-5 and above

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At Starfall, children have fun while they learn - specializing in reading, phonics & math - educational games, movies, books, songs, and more for children K-5 and above.

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Online Reading Sight Words | Education.com

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Award winning educational materials like worksheets, games, lesson plans and activities designed to help kids succeed. Start for free now!

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Instantly access over 40,000 of the best books & videos for kids on Epic

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Fluency: Instructional Guidelines and Student Activities

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After you model how to read the text, you must have the students reread it. By doing this, the students are engaging in repeated reading. Usually, having students read a text four times is sufficient to improve fluency. Remember, however, that instructional time is limited, and it is the actual time that students are actively engaged in reading that produces reading gains.

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With so many great children's poems out there, it's hard to pick favorites! But we accepted the challenge, asking for suggestions from the WeAreTeachers HELPLINE group on Facebook and gathering recommendations from our staff. Here are a some poems that will help start a good poetry discussion in your classroom. Most of these are excerpts; look for the links to the full poems under each image.
Just a heads up, WeAreTeachers may collect a share of sales from the links on this page. We only recommend items our team loves!
1. "Casey at the Bat" by Ernest Lawrence Thayer

Get the full poem.

2. "Tan" by Malathi Michelle Iyengar

Get the full poem and others like it in this book.

3. "The Corn-Stalk Fiddle" by Paul Laurence Dunbar

Get the full poem.

4. "Since Hanna Moved Away," by Judith Viorst

Get the full poem.

5. "Drum Dream Girl" by Margarita Engle

Get the full poem.

6. "My Chinatown" by Kam Mak

Get the full poem and others in this book.

7. "Friends" by Abbie Farwell Brown

Get the full poem.

8. "Reading" by Jacqueline Woodson

Learn more about this poem and Jacqueline Woodson.

9. "The Tyger" by William Blake

Get the full poem.

10. "Knoxville, Tennessee" by Nikki Giovanni

Get the full poem.

11. "Maggie and Milly and Molly and May" by e.e. cummings

Get the full poem here.

12. "How to Paint a Donkey" by Naomi Shihab Nye

Get the full poem.

13. "The Purple Cow" by Gelett Burgess

Get the full poem.

14. "Val" by Gwendolyn Brooks

Get this poem and learn more about this collection of poetry in the book Bronzeville Boys and Girls.

15. "The Dream of Shoji" by Kimiko Hahn

Get the full poem.

16. "Poor Old Lady" by Anonymous

Get the full poem.

17. "After the Winter" by Claude McKay

Get the full poem.

18. "Rathers" by Mary Hunter Austin

Get the full poem.

19. "Homework! Oh, Homework!" by Jack Prelutsky

Get the full poem.

20. "The Eloquent Young Elephant" by Sheree Fitch

Get the full poem.

21. "Where the Sidewalk Ends" by Shel Silverstein

Get the full poem.

22. "Moon Festival" by Marilyn Singer

Get the full poem and others in this book.

23. "Unexpected Holiday" by Alma Flor Ada

Learn more about Alma Flor Ada and her poems here.

24. "The Quarrel" by Maxine Kumin

Get the full poem.

25. "Ode to My Shoes" by Francisco X. Alarcón

Get the full poem.

26. "The Parakeets" by Alberto Blanco

Get the full poem.

27. "Paul Revere's Ride" by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Get the full poem.

28. "The Rainbow" by Christina Rossetti

Get the full poem.

29. "Halfway Down" by A.A. Milne

Get the full poem.

30. "Caged Bird" by Maya Angelou

Get the full poem.

31. "The Spider and the Fly" by Mary Howitt

Get the full poem in this book.

32. "Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frost

Get the full poem.

33. "Wallet Size" by Nikki Grimes

Learn more about this poem.

34. "Adventures of Isabel" by Ogden Nash

Get the full poem.

35. "Jabberwocky" by Lewis Carroll

Get the full poem.

36. "Mrs. Mitchell's Underwear" by Dennis Lee

Get this poem and more great ones.

37. "The Delight Song of Tsoai-talee" by N. Scott Momaday

Get the full poem.

38. "The Swing" by Robert Louis Stevenson

Get the full poem.

39. "Autumn" by Alexander Posey

Get the full poem.

40. "Invictus" by William Ernest Henley

Get the full poem.

41. "Marshlands" by Emily Pauline Johnson

Get the full poem.

42. "Amelia's First Ski Run" by Nora Marks Dauenhauer

Get the full poem.

43. "I, Too" by Langston Hughes

Get the full poem.

44. "The Red Wheelbarrow" by William Carlos Williams

Get the full poem.

45. "Coquí" by Carmen Bernier-Grand

Learn more about Carmen's poetry here.

46. "The Dentist and the Crocodile" by Roald Dahl

Get the full poem.

47. "Dino Thought" by Jane Yolen

Learn more about Jane Yolen's poetry right here.

48. "Bee! I'm Expecting You!" by Emily Dickinson

Learn more about this poem.

49. "To Catch a Fish" by Eloise Greenfield

Get the full poem.

50. "Ode to Teachers" by Pat Mora

Get the full poem.
What's your favorite poem to use in class? Come share in our WeAreTeachers HELPLINE group on Facebook. Plus, our must-share poems for middle school and high school.

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58 Must-Share Poems for Elementary School

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With so many great children's poems out there, it's hard to pick favorites! But we accepted the challenge, asking for suggestions from the WeAreTeachers HELPLINE group on Facebook and gathering recommendations from our staff. Here are a some poems that will help start a good poetry discussion in your classroom.

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Most texts have two to fine lines of print on each page. Readers smoothly and automatically move left to right across words and lines of print, sweeping back to the left margin for each new line and reading the print on both left and right pages. Reading becomes smooth, allowing for some expression, and the eyes take over the process of matching the spoken word to the printed word. Readers move away from needing to point, and they begin to read in phrases.

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more than one sentence pattern repeated in the same book.
Some sentences with clauses or phrases
Some sentences that are questions
Sentences with adjectives and prepostional phrases
Some sentences with dialogue

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dialogue and dialogue with pronouns-

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Online Sight Words and Pronouns | Education.com

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Award winning educational materials like worksheets, games, lesson plans and activities designed to help kids succeed. Start for free now!

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With so many great children's poems out there, it's hard to pick favorites! But we accepted the challenge, asking for suggestions from the WeAreTeachers HELPLINE group on Facebook and gathering recommendations from our staff. Here are a some poems that will help start a good poetry discussion in your classroom. Most of these are excerpts; look for the links to the full poems under each image.
Just a heads up, WeAreTeachers may collect a share of sales from the links on this page. We only recommend items our team loves!
1. "Casey at the Bat" by Ernest Lawrence Thayer

Get the full poem.

2. "Tan" by Malathi Michelle Iyengar

Get the full poem and others like it in this book.

3. "The Corn-Stalk Fiddle" by Paul Laurence Dunbar

Get the full poem.

4. "Since Hanna Moved Away," by Judith Viorst

Get the full poem.

5. "Drum Dream Girl" by Margarita Engle

Get the full poem.

6. "My Chinatown" by Kam Mak

Get the full poem and others in this book.

7. "Friends" by Abbie Farwell Brown

Get the full poem.

8. "Reading" by Jacqueline Woodson

Learn more about this poem and Jacqueline Woodson.

9. "The Tyger" by William Blake

Get the full poem.

10. "Knoxville, Tennessee" by Nikki Giovanni

Get the full poem.

11. "Maggie and Milly and Molly and May" by e.e. cummings

Get the full poem here.

12. "How to Paint a Donkey" by Naomi Shihab Nye

Get the full poem.

13. "The Purple Cow" by Gelett Burgess

Get the full poem.

14. "Val" by Gwendolyn Brooks

Get this poem and learn more about this collection of poetry in the book Bronzeville Boys and Girls.

15. "The Dream of Shoji" by Kimiko Hahn

Get the full poem.

16. "Poor Old Lady" by Anonymous

Get the full poem.

17. "After the Winter" by Claude McKay

Get the full poem.

18. "Rathers" by Mary Hunter Austin

Get the full poem.

19. "Homework! Oh, Homework!" by Jack Prelutsky

Get the full poem.

20. "The Eloquent Young Elephant" by Sheree Fitch

Get the full poem.

21. "Where the Sidewalk Ends" by Shel Silverstein

Get the full poem.

22. "Moon Festival" by Marilyn Singer

Get the full poem and others in this book.

23. "Unexpected Holiday" by Alma Flor Ada

Learn more about Alma Flor Ada and her poems here.

24. "The Quarrel" by Maxine Kumin

Get the full poem.

25. "Ode to My Shoes" by Francisco X. Alarcón

Get the full poem.

26. "The Parakeets" by Alberto Blanco

Get the full poem.

27. "Paul Revere's Ride" by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Get the full poem.

28. "The Rainbow" by Christina Rossetti

Get the full poem.

29. "Halfway Down" by A.A. Milne

Get the full poem.

30. "Caged Bird" by Maya Angelou

Get the full poem.

31. "The Spider and the Fly" by Mary Howitt

Get the full poem in this book.

32. "Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frost

Get the full poem.

33. "Wallet Size" by Nikki Grimes

Learn more about this poem.

34. "Adventures of Isabel" by Ogden Nash

Get the full poem.

35. "Jabberwocky" by Lewis Carroll

Get the full poem.

36. "Mrs. Mitchell's Underwear" by Dennis Lee

Get this poem and more great ones.

37. "The Delight Song of Tsoai-talee" by N. Scott Momaday

Get the full poem.

38. "The Swing" by Robert Louis Stevenson

Get the full poem.

39. "Autumn" by Alexander Posey

Get the full poem.

40. "Invictus" by William Ernest Henley

Get the full poem.

41. "Marshlands" by Emily Pauline Johnson

Get the full poem.

42. "Amelia's First Ski Run" by Nora Marks Dauenhauer

Get the full poem.

43. "I, Too" by Langston Hughes

Get the full poem.

44. "The Red Wheelbarrow" by William Carlos Williams

Get the full poem.

45. "Coquí" by Carmen Bernier-Grand

Learn more about Carmen's poetry here.

46. "The Dentist and the Crocodile" by Roald Dahl

Get the full poem.

47. "Dino Thought" by Jane Yolen

Learn more about Jane Yolen's poetry right here.

48. "Bee! I'm Expecting You!" by Emily Dickinson

Learn more about this poem.

49. "To Catch a Fish" by Eloise Greenfield

Get the full poem.

50. "Ode to Teachers" by Pat Mora

Get the full poem.
What's your favorite poem to use in class? Come share in our WeAreTeachers HELPLINE group on Facebook. Plus, our must-share poems for middle school and high school.

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58 Must-Share Poems for Elementary School

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With so many great children's poems out there, it's hard to pick favorites! But we accepted the challenge, asking for suggestions from the WeAreTeachers HELPLINE group on Facebook and gathering recommendations from our staff. Here are a some poems that will help start a good poetry discussion in your classroom.

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Readers process easy chapter books including some series books, with more sophisticated characters and few illustrations, as well as short informational and fiction books. They adjust their reading to process a range of genres including realistic fiction, several special types of fiction, traditional literature, fantasy, and informational text. Readers understand that books can have chapters with multiple episodes related to a single plot. They learn some new content through reading and are required to bring more prior knowledge to the process, but the content is usually accessible through the text and illustrations. They begin to recognize themes across texts, and they understand some abstract ideas.

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Improve your students' reading comprehension with ReadWorks. Access thousands of high-quality, free K-12 articles, and create online assignments with them for your students.

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Save your bookmarks and favorite websites online with Symbaloo! The best way to store, manage, and organize your bookmarks on the web. Create a free account to share your favorites with friends, colleagues or students. With over 10 million users, Symbaloo is a trusted edtech tool of teachers and educators worldwide!

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How to find the main idea and supporting details - reading skills for beginners

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Main Idea Song, Main Idea Details Song by Melissa (Supporting Details) | Award Winning Educational

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'The Ultimate Main Idea Song' on ViewPure

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Help introduce main idea to students with this short song.

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'Noun Song from Grammaropolis - "Noun Town"' on ViewPure

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Classroom accounts available at https://edu.grammaropolis.com! Songs, books, games, quizzes, and individual student tracking. \nSong composed & performed by Doctor Noize (doctornoize.com) with lyrics by Doctor Noize & the Mayor of Grammaropolis.\n\nLyrics:\n\nVERSE 1\n\nNouns!

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'John Lequizamo - "Quotes" Music Video (The Electric Company)' on ViewPure

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Check out this clip from Season 2! John Leguizamo\'s Quotation rap is awesome!\n\nClick here for more music videos from The Electric Company! http://bit.ly/TEC_MV\n\nThe Electric Company features animation, music, comedy and celebrities to show how the power of words can solve problems, especially those caused by a naughty group of neighborhood Pranksters!

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'Commas & Quotes - He Said / She Said (The Electric Company)' on ViewPure

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Billy and Kate get in big trouble with mom!\n\nThe Electric Company features animation, music, comedy and celebrities to show how the power of words can solve problems, especially those caused by a naughty group of neighborhood Pranksters!

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This is a fun, hands-on literacy center activity that will provide your students with practice identifying beginning sounds.

Keep reading to get your copy of the free printable that includes pictures for all letters A-Z.

Supplies to Make the Beginning Sounds Paint Sticks
Materials

Paint sticks {one per child in your small group}

Adhesive backed Velcro {available at any craft store}

Pictures of beginning sounds for each letter {see below}

Laminating film

Scissors

How to Make the Paint Stick Activity

Start by collecting paint sticks, one for each child in your small group. Attach the soft side of the adhesive Velcro on each paint stick from top to bottom as shown in the picture at the top. Next, laminate the pictures and cut out. Attach a piece of hard adhesive Velcro to the back of each picture.

How to Use the Paint Stick Activity

Give each student in your small group one paint stick. You can attach the letters to the top before they begin playing or allow them to choose.

Then, the students search for pictures that start with the beginning sound at the top of their paint stick and attach those pictures to their stick. When they are finished they can switch sticks to keep playing.

Click on the picture below to download the beginning sound pictures for letters A-Z

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This is a fun, hands-on literacy center activity that will provide your students with practice identifying beginning sounds. Keep reading to get your copy of the free printable that includes pictures for all letters A-Z.

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Holiday time is here, and things are sure to be nutty around our house-and everyone else's-for the next few weeks.

Although I know it's going to be hard to sneak in a little bit of learning each day while we're busy decorating, making gifts, wrapping, and eating sweets (which we do a lot of over here!), I do have a little something up my sleeve. I threw our magnetic letters on the fridge this week just to squeeze in a little word-learning when we're able.
This Quick Trick has been used by millions of homes all around the world, but I'm sharing just a few of the next steps for moms and dads out there.
It's one thing to put some letters up on your fridge.

It's another to actually use the letters to teach your kids a teeny trick or two after breakfast one day.

Here's the skinny on how you can really use magnetic letters with your kids for early literacy learning.

Magnetic Letters: Our magnetic letters are on and off of the fridge every few weeks. Usually at first I put all of the letters in one big clump, hoping that someone will stop by on their way to the breakfast table to create a word or two.

Sometimes it works, and sometimes it doesn't.

Sometimes somebody will put the letters in alphabetical order (woo- hoo!) and sometimes a mystery kid will sneak into our kitchen and spell 'butt' or 'poo' or 'bootie' (certainly not one of my kids and it's usually blamed on Brady. . . ).

Sometimes someone will stop to spell his or her name, create a little message, and make this mama smile big.

But if no one notices the letters for a few days, I'll build a few words myself, some varying-in-difficulty CVC words (consonant-vowel-consonant) with a CVCC here and there, and when my kiddos are in the mood, maybe they'll play around with them.

just a few words on our fridge, 'real' words and nonsense words
Here are a few other little, teeny ways that little ones can learn a bit o' something while you're working on dinner and the kids are hangin' around the kitchen, playing with the magnetic letters:
ABC Challenge: Put the letters in alphabetical order but then pull every five or so letters out of the mix. Place the 'lost' letters under the alphabet and ask your little one to help the lost letters make their way back to their alphabet family.

Find Me A . . . : For the early letter-learners, simply asking, Can you use your strong eyes and smart brain to find me a letter 'O' or 'M'? is all you need to do to get them focused. Always give a choice between two letters because we want to set our kiddos up for success; if we ask, Can you find the 'L'? and they can't, they'll be less likely to want to play our little learning games down the road.

Sense and Nonsense: Create several 'real' words that are easy to read, and add in a few non-sense words that follow the same word family pattern- cat, bat, rat, zat, wat. Once your little one can 'read' the ones he can recognize, he'll giggle like crazy when he reads a silly nonsense word.

Make Many: The simple act of adding an 's' to a word is incredibly empowering for emerging readers. With just one letter, they can read-and create-a whole new word! So throw a few easy-to-read nouns up on the fridge (dog, cat, pet, hat, etc.) and show your kiddo how to make one into many!

Family Names: I've said it many times before, but it's true-names are some of the first words that little guys can read. So starting with Mom and Dad, make your way through the whole family, challenging your kiddos to build their names first, then Mom and Dad, then their siblings' and pets' names. If they're not ready for the whole name, you build the name and then take away the first letter. Mix it up with three other letters and ask if they can find the letter that begins that person's name. It's a start-but it helps!

We are (Word) Families: Word families are a great starting point for emerging readers because in just a few minutes, a little guy can 'own' a whole word family! Start by putting 'at- at the top of the fridge, and then put some consonants close by (c, b, h, m, r, s).

Demonstrate how just by adding one little letter to the beginning of 'at', your kiddo can now read six new words! Challenge him to 'surprise' you with a new word by switching that important first letter, and every few days add a new word family to the fridge.

Spell it, Baby: For an older kiddo who's already conquering the Spelling List, ask her to spell a word from that week's list on the fridge, just like the good ole days when she was teeny and could only find A, B, and C. You'll be surprised how interested she might be in demonstrating her expertise!

Prefix/ Suffix FUN: Really, prefixes can be fun. Put 're' on the fridge and then add 'write' to make 'rewrite'. Then leave 're' on and add 'view' or 'do'. Talk about each word and its meaning and then explain that two little letters placed in front of these words means 'to do again' and then talk about what 'rewrite', 'redo', and 'review' mean. Play around with different prefixes (pre-, un-, mis-) and suffixes (-y, -less, -ful).

click here to download: making and breaking words
This does not need to be anything major, crazy-confusing, or stressful. These are just a few fun- fast! -ways of throwing in a little bit of deliberate word learning with those magnetic letter friends of ours when we have a minute or two.

Want a handy little sheet about the basics of word-building? Here's the making and breaking words which I still find super helpful. Or head over to a previous Letter-Lid Word-Building pos t.

If we're excited about words, our kids will become excited about words and will (hopefully!) become eager learners. All of the reading research on the topic of word learning says basically the same thing:

Effective teachers display an attitude of excitement and interest in words and language. Teachers who are curious and passionate about words inadvertently share their enthusiasm with students, and it becomes contagious (Bromley, "Nine Things Every Teacher Should Know About Words and Vocabulary Instruction," Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy. April 2007).

We are our children's first teachers, so let's get excited about word learning and put some love into our simple fridge magnets!
fyi: affiliate links are used in this post, which means that if you purchase something from one of the links, we over here at teachmama.com get a teeny, tiny percentage

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quick trick: magnetic letters (how to use them with your kids!) - teach mama

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Holiday time is here, and things are sure to be nutty around our house-and everyone else's-for the next few weeks. Although I know it's going to be hard to sneak in a little bit of learning each day while we're busy decorating, making gifts, wrapping, and eating sweets (which we do a lot of over here!), I do have a little something up my sleeve.

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As children get a firm grasp on letter sounds they will be able to manipulate those sounds to create new ones. My daughter has been playing with letter sounds for a while ( I think she is desperate to catch up to her big brother) and rhyming is one of her favorite things to do. All of her time rhyming has definitely helped her be able to isolate and substitute sounds and I wondered if she was ready for some word families. She was. I chose the word families that we used in this activity ( all, ap, at, it ) because she can sound them out without help. I wanted her to be able to build the words without me, because you are using masking tape you can easily switch up the word families as your child develops.

Gather your materials. You will need some masking tape, some letter magnets ( try to find ones that are fully magnetic instead of having little magnets glued on the back to be safe) , a cookie sheet, and a marker. The older brother overseeing the activity is completely optional.

Add a few strips of masking tape on your cookie sheet.Write the word families you want to work on with your child. You can do a few or stick to just one. Here is a list of the 37 most common word families.

Take a few moments to have your child sound out the word families for you to make sure that this activity will be challenging but not impossible. When we give children challenges they grow but if we give them impossible tasks we end up discouraging them and sending them the message that learning is too hard for them.

Add a bunch of letter magnets ( I had 3 packs available) and help your child do the first modeling sounding out the word family and then adding the first sound and sounding out the word again. Then let them at it.

She started adding the magnets then sounding them out with her brother overseeing under strict instructions "To let her do it herself." Sometimes she'd add one that didn't make sense, he'd shake his head , and she'd just remove it and try with another letter. After a few letters he declared he wasn't needed and left. I left words that she sounded out but might not know the definition of like pall. Even though should couldn't tell me what a pall was she was sounding out the words correctly so I decided to leave it be. When kids are a little older I would ask is that a real word? Then ask them to look it up to find out.

I am so happy I caught this picture. After she made a word it was so amazing to her she turned to me saying " Mama I did it again!" as if the other times were just flukes. I LOVE moments like this when kids take ownership of their abilities. She KNEW she could do it at that moment and continued to build the rest of the words.

We will do this again soon with a few of these word families and mix in one or two new ones. Remember kids love repetition, it feels good to know what to expect and it gives them a chance to master something.

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Word Building With Letter Magnets & Word Families - No Time For Flash Cards

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As children get a firm grasp on letter sounds they will be able to manipulate those sounds to create new ones. My daughter has been playing with letter sounds for a while ( I think she is desperate to catch up to her big brother) and rhyming is one of her favorite things to do.

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building words

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Building words

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Monitoring and self correcting
Students at this level will need to be able to give close attention to visual features of words, use voice-print match to self-monitor and self-correct over three to eight lines of print.
New- They should self-correct close to the point of error.
They should continue to use pictures as a resource to self-monitor and self-correct.

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Make predictions based on information in pictures that closely match the text. Use personal experience to make predictions. Use background knowledge to understand setting close to children's experiences.

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Understand how the events, content, and ideas in a text are related to the title. Understand that a story can be like real life or can be something that could not be true in real life (fantasy)

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more than one sentence pattern repeated in the same book. 
Some sentences with clauses or phrases
Some sentences that are questions
Sentences with adjectives and prepositional phrases
Some sentences with dialogue