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Introduction to the photosynthesis experiment

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Introduction to the photosynthesis experiment

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Photosynthesis is the process done by plants to make sugars from sunlight. This is the simple equation for photosynthesis
6CO₂ + 6H₂O Light --> C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ + H₂O.
Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts, the light reactions occur in the thylakoids with carbon dioxide, water, and light. From the products of the light reactions, the dark reactions or the, Calvin cycle, occurs in the stroma making oxygen, water, and sugars like glucose.
This experiment tests the rate of photosynthesis through the use of chads from spinach.  In order to test how fast photosynthesis is in different types of environments, one would have to create a baseline constant to compare to all the other experiments. In this specific experiment the baseline which is the control variable  had one gram of CO ₂ and the experimental which is the constant had 2 grams of CO ₂. The independent variables are the leaf chads, the amount of CO ₂ water and the height of the lamp light. The dependent variable is the rate of photosynthesis.
The leaf chads are placed in a syringe, filled with CO ₂ water, where the oxygen is sucked out through a "vacuum", and then are placed inside of a cup of CO ₂ water which is placed under a light. The rate can then be measured through time as the leaf chads move from the bottom of the cup to the top because of the oxygen being created by photosynthesis. If there is a high concentration of CO ₂ then the rate of photosynthesis will increase because there is a higher concentration of the main reactant that begins photosynthesis.

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I reject my hypothesis because the rate of photosynthesis with double the CO ₂ water decreased -66% from the baseline. The reaction rate must have been slow because instead of the CO ₂ making the rate increase it made the solution more basic in pH which might have denatured the enzymes and slowed the photosynthesis rate. The ET ₅₀ average for the baseline was much faster as well at, 4 minutes and 36 seconds compared to the experiment's ET ₅₀ at 7 minutes and 7 seconds. This proves that the    CO ₂ effected the leaf chads quite quickly and made the rate of photosynthesis slower. One error that could have occurred is if someone were to crush the chads in the syringe and damage the membranes of the cells. Using to much soap in the CO ₂ water could also damage the membranes in the cells of the leaf chads. One thing that could be improved are the syringes, because while we where doing the experiment the leaf chads kept falling out of the tip of the syringe, causing us to lose them and having to punch out more and go through the vacuuming process again. If there is a higher concentration of CO ₂ then the rate of photosynthesis will decrease because the pH will be basic and denature the enzymes.