# data[].attributes.body
How would you counsel someone to use impetigo treatment

# data[].attributes.body
3 characteristics of protozoa?

# data[].attributes.body
What are the types of parasitism?

# data[].attributes.body
Main definitions of parasitology?

# data[].attributes.body
What are the characteristics of arthropods?

# data[].attributes.body
Outline how to assign E/Z isomerism. (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
What type of antibiotic is used for impetigo?

# data[].attributes.body
What is the primary function of a bacterial flagella

A. ﻿﻿﻿To facilitate bacterial reproduction

B. ﻿﻿﻿To aid in bacterial adhesion to surfaces

C. To enable bacterial motility

D. ﻿﻿﻿To protect bacteria from post responses

# data[].attributes.body
Outline how to assign R/S isomerism. (4 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
What is the difference between bullous and non bullous impetigo?

# data[].attributes.body
Why do cancers come back?

# data[].attributes.body
Why type of bacteria can cause AOM?

strep pneumonia (+)

Haemophilius influenzae (+)

Moraxella Catarrhlis (-)

staphylococcus aureus

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What is the most common cause of death in children?

# data[].attributes.body
What is the conversion of a trophozoite to a cyst form and the transformation back to a trophozoite known as?

# data[].attributes.body
What can be done to increase the acid-stability of the penicillin? (1 mark)

# data[].attributes.body
What are some ways that we can solve the drug problems with penicillin G? (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
What are 2 problems with penicillin G? (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
What are 2 of the essential structural features for activity in penicillin? (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
What are the current applications of sulphonamides? (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
What structural changes can be done to increase water solubility of the sulfonamide? (1 mark) 

# data[].attributes.body
What type of binding interactions would be present in the amine attached to a sulfonamide that would not be present in an amide attached to a sulfonamide? (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
Name 3 of the structural features that allow sulfonamides to be effective antibiotics. (3 marks) 

# data[].attributes.body
How is Tetrahydrofolate formed? (2 marks

# data[].attributes.body
What is the structural difference between gram positive and gram-negative bacteria? (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
Why are multi drug regimens normally used for chemotherapy treatment ?

# data[].attributes.body
What are the risk factors associated with childhood cancers?

# data[].attributes.body
What is the primary mode of action of antibiotics against bacteria

A. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

B. Inhibition if protein synthesis

C. Disruption of Cell membrane integrity

D. Inhibition of DNA replication

# data[].attributes.body
How are threadworms transmitted?

# data[].attributes.body
What is the equation for determining pKa and Log P using Log D values?

# data[].attributes.body
Explain why penicillin and many other antibiotics in liquid forms must be stored in the fridge. (3 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
What does not cause meningitis?

a. nesseria meningitidis

b. streptococcus agalactiae

c. haemophilus influenzae

d. listeria monocytogenes

e. moraxella cattarhalis

# data[].attributes.body
What are the issues with a drug being too lipophilic?

# data[].attributes.body
Why is phenobarbital acidic?

# data[].attributes.body
How is the lipophilicity an important property of a drug?

# data[].attributes.body
How do ions and small organic molecules cross cell membranes?

# data[].attributes.body
What enzyme do azoles inhibit?

# data[].attributes.body
What structural features would promote a drug to be soluble in aq solution?

# data[].attributes.body
Is it safe to prescribe amoxicillin and ampicillin for glandular fever?

# data[].attributes.body
What is the primary function of a bacterial flagella

A. ﻿﻿﻿To facilitate bacterial reproduction

B. ﻿﻿﻿To aid in bacterial adhesion to surfaces

C. ﻿﻿﻿To enable bacterial motility

D. ﻿﻿﻿To protect bacteria from post responses

# data[].attributes.body
What is the rule of thumb when altering a drug molecule to impact hydrophobic character?

# data[].attributes.body
What is pertussis?

# data[].attributes.body
What is the difference in electron density and charge distribution between polar and non polar groups?

# data[].attributes.body
How do we determine log P and pka for an acidic drug?

# data[].attributes.body
Name the medication needed to treat onychomycosis.

# data[].attributes.body
Which one of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria

A. They are unicellular organisms

B. They lack nucleus

C. They can undergo photosynthesis

D. They are typically smaller then eukaryotic cells

# data[].attributes.body
Write an equation for the hydrolysis of aspirin. (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
How do we calculate the % ionised for a basic drug?

# data[].attributes.body
How do we calculate the % ionised for an acidic drug?

# data[].attributes.body
How do we calculate logD for an acidic drug?

# data[].attributes.body
What is the equation to work out D?

# data[].attributes.body
What is otits externa?

# data[].attributes.body
What is Ka or pKa?

# data[].attributes.body
What are the causes of a sore throat?

A - Viral

B - Bacterial

C - Viral and bacterial

# data[].attributes.body
What are the other 4 factors that an increased log P will also increase?

# data[].attributes.body
What is the relationship between the log P values and the solubility in the organic layer?

# data[].attributes.body
A patient present with red swollen tonsils and throat redness, do they have viral or bacterial tonsillitis?

# data[].attributes.body
What is not a bacterial infection?

a. impetigo

b. chicken pox

c. tonsilitis

d. meningitis

e. pertussis

# data[].attributes.body
What is Clog P?

# data[].attributes.body
What is a virion? (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
What defines a thixotropic system?

# data[].attributes.body
How can the lipophilicity of a drug be modelled?

# data[].attributes.body
What can occur if the compound is too polar?

# data[].attributes.body
What are the factors which affect drug absorption?

# data[].attributes.body
What is not gram(+)?

a. staphylococcus

b. bacillus

c. actinomyces

d. klebsiella

e. clostridium

# data[].attributes.body
What is absorption?

# data[].attributes.body
How are drugs absorbed into cells?

# data[].attributes.body
Define a nucleophile. (1 mark)

# data[].attributes.body
Define an electrophile. (1 mark)

# data[].attributes.body
Can fungal infections be diagnosed by ELISA?

# data[].attributes.body
What is the composition of blood plasma?

# data[].attributes.body
Which of the following statements is incorrect concerning ALL?

a. ALL is the most common form of childhood cancer

b. ALL is more common in children then adults

c. ALL causes an overproduction of mature lymphoid cells

d. Patients of ALL are at increased risk of infection

e. symptoms of ALL include; malaise, bruising, anaemia

# data[].attributes.body
What are the stages of treating ALL?

a) consolidation, maintenance, remission

b) remission, maintenance, consolidation

c) remission, consolidation, maintenance

d) maintenance, consolidation, remission

# data[].attributes.body
What happens in the log phase of bacterial growth in batch culture?

# data[].attributes.body
What does the latin term ‘tinea’ mean?

# data[].attributes.body
Describe the relationship between the strength of an base and its pKa. (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
What are routes of entry of a bacteria? (4 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
Describe the relationship between the strength of an acid and its pKa. (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
What medical device is used to diagnose middle ear infections?

# data[].attributes.body
Explain why a phenol group is more acidic than a secondary alcohol group. (3 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
Describe the difference between acidic and basic groups. (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
Outline the differences between enzymes and receptors. (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
What structure is formed during binary fission?

# data[].attributes.body
what is the mechanism of action for echinocandins

# data[].attributes.body
What is not a feature that affects microbial growth?

a. temperature

b. carbon dioxide

c. pressure

d. nutrients

e. pH

# data[].attributes.body
What happens when a dilatant system is sheared? therefore what is impossible with them?

# data[].attributes.body
What is not a feature of a flagella?

a. allows movement

b. can be single or numerous

c. long protein filament with a solid core

d. can be in different location

e. whirl around from an anchored point

# data[].attributes.body
How many days does otitis media take to clear up?

A - 1-2 days

B - 3-5 days

C - 6-8 days

D - 9-14 days

# data[].attributes.body
Which one of the following is not a characteristic of virus

A. They contain both DNA and RNA

B. They cannot replicate outside of a host cell

C. They lack cellular structure

D. They can mutate rapidly

# data[].attributes.body
Define shearing stress.

# data[].attributes.body
What are the presentations of AOM in young children?

# data[].attributes.body
Which of the following are fungal pathogens that are known to cause disease in humans?

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Listeria monocytogenes

Clostridium perfringens

# data[].attributes.body
What medication should a patient use if they are allergic to penicillin, for acute otitis media?

A - Amoxicillin

B - Erythromycin

C - Piriton

D - L-Dopa

# data[].attributes.body
What kind of microbes can multiply in refrigerated foods?

# data[].attributes.body
What pathogens cause viral otitis media?

# data[].attributes.body
Which vaccines are delivered to children between the ages of 0-5 years and can you give their doses?

# data[].attributes.body
Where might pseudoplastic flow be appropriate for use? Why are its properties suited to this?

# data[].attributes.body
What’s the function of the tribecular meshwork

# data[].attributes.body
State and explain one way in which an animal virus enters?

# data[].attributes.body
What is the test that is used to measure the differences in how the eardrum reacts to ear pressure?

# data[].attributes.body
List the risk factors that can increase the risk of AOM?