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Eduardo Alejandro López Jaime A01285562

Ulises Nuñez Bautista A01736379

Leonardo Pequeño A01178029

Sergio Ortiz Malpica A01284951

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In 2018, it was revealed that Cambridge Analytica, a political consulting firm, had harvested personal data from millions of Facebook users without their consent to create voter profiles and target personalized political advertisements during the 2016 United States elections.

Cambridge Analytica obtained this data through a third-party application called "This Is Your Digital Life," which was a personality quiz app created by a researcher named Aleksandr Kogan. The app collected not only the data of the users who took the quiz but also the data of their Facebook friends, resulting in the unauthorized access to the personal information of millions of individuals.

Rights violated:

1. Right to Privacy.

2. Right to Free and Fair Elections.

3. Right to Data Protection.

Overall, the Cambridge Analytica scandal demonstrated the significant risks posed to social rights by the unauthorized collection and misuse of personal data by companies and political organizations. It underscored the importance of robust data protection laws and mechanisms to safeguard individuals' privacy and ensure the integrity of democratic processes.

Bibliography:

Amnistía Internacional. (2021, 11 octubre). “El gran hackeo”: Cambridge Analytica es sólo la punta del iceberg. https://www.amnesty.org/es/latest/news/2019/07/the-great-hack-facebook-cambridge-analytica/

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“El gran hackeo”: Cambridge Analytica es sólo la punta del iceberg

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El documental de Netflix “El gran hackeo” cuenta la historia de uno de los mayores escándalos de violación de la privacidad de nuestros tiempos, pero el problema real es el modelo empresarial de los gigantes tecnológicos como Facebook y Google.

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In Martinique and Guadeloupe, two French territories found in the Caribbean, water that citizens have been drinking since the past 40 years has been contaminated due to the high usage of a pesticide known as chlordecone. This has sparked enragement from the French community, which has recently led to an official complaint filed to the government of France from the Council of Europe’s European Committee of Social Rights (ECSR) and the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH).

France: FIDH refers the case to the European Committee of Social Rights to finally guarantee the rights of the outermost regions of France. (n.d.). International Federation for Human Rights. https://www.fidh.org/en/region/europe-central-asia/france/france-fidh-refers-the-case-to-the-european-committee-of-social

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In Standing Rock, indigenous communities in the United States demonstrated because there were plans to construct an oil pipeline that would pass underneath Lake Oahe, in the Missouri River, which would destroy the sacred sites of these indigenous communities, as well as contaminate the water and destroy the environment. The pipeline would cross the traditional and ancestral lands of the tribe, which were part of the Fort Laramie treaty. We consider this to be a violation of property rights, as it firstly does not respect the treaty that was made in 1851 and also violates the property rights of these indigenous peoples.

Reference:

Gestion_Ambiental. (s. f.). De Little Bighorn a Standing Rock: la guerra y la paz en Estados Unidos. Ambiente En América Latina - Claes. https://ambiental.net/2016/12/de-little-bighorn-a-standing-rock-la-guerra-y-la-paz-en-estados-unidos/#:~:text=La%20poblaci%C3%B3n%20de%20Standing%20Rock,agua%20y%20destruir%C3%ADan%20su%20ambiente.

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Tamaulipas, the last State to legalize equal marriage.

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Tamaulipas, the last State to legalize equal marriage.

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In 2022, Tamaulipas was the last state in the Mexican Republic to legalize same-sex marriage, with Mexico City being the first state to approve it in 2010. We believe this strengthens the right to marriage and to a family within social rights, as all of Mexico approves same-sex marriage, giving everyone the opportunity to form a family and to marry.

Reference:

Martinez, S. M. (2022, 28 octubre). El matrimonio igualitario ya es legal en todo México tras su aprobación en el estado de Tamaulipas. Euronews. https://es.euronews.com/2022/10/28/el-matrimonio-igualitario-ya-es-legal-en-todo-mexico-tras-su-aprobacion-en-el-estado-de-ta

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In the Rana Plaza disaster in Bangladesh in 2013, a building housing garment factories collapsed, killing over 1,100 people and leaving thousands injured. It was found that working conditions in the factories were hazardous and exploitative, with long hours, low wages, and lack of safety measures. This incident highlighted labor rights violations and the need to improve conditions in the garment industry worldwide.

In the Rana Plaza incident, several social rights were violated, including:

Rights violated:

1. Right to Safe Working Conditions

2. Right to Fair Wages

3. Right to Health

4. Right to Employment Security

Overall, the Rana Plaza incident underscored the urgent need to protect and uphold social rights, including the rights to safe working conditions, fair wages, health, and employment security, in the garment industry and beyond.

Bibliography:

https://cleanclothes.org/campaigns/past/rana-plaza

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What did we do?

Immediately after the collapse we helped realize the creation of the Accord on Fire and Building Safety in Bangladesh in May 2013 and campaigned for brands to sign on. It was subsequently signed by over 200 companies. The Rana Plaza Arrangement was created afterwards to coordinate compensation for the affected families.

No amount of money can make up for the loss of a loved one or the resulting physical and emotional scars inflicted on those who survived such a tragedy. But what is also true is that the survivors and victims' families should be compensated for the financial and medical losses they sustained as a direct result of the disaster.

With our partners in Bangladesh we identified at least 29 global brands that had recent or current orders with at least one of the five garment factories in the Rana Plaza building, including Benetton (Italy), Bonmarche (UK), Cato Fashions (USA), The Children's Place (USA), El Corte Ingles (Spain), Joe Fresh (Loblaws, Canada), Kik (Germany), Mango (Spain), Matalan (UK), Primark (UK/Ireland) and Texman (Denmark).

Each of these brands was a complicit participant in the creation of an environment that ultimately led to the deaths and maiming of thousands of individuals. Calculations based on International Labour Organisation convention 121 showed that the families of those affected by the Rana Plaza collapse are owed $30 million in compensation.

We campaigned hard to convince all brands in who sourced from Rana Plaza, and essentially all brands in Bangladesh should contribute according to their ability to pay, the size of their relationship with Bangladesh and their relationship with Rana Plaza.

We campaigned for over two years to make brands take their responsibility and pay into the trust fund or increase their contribution if their first payment was insufficient.

We collected over 1 million signatures to make Benetton pay up an appropriate amount. There was irrefutable evidence exposing their direct link to Rana Plaza - photographs of the Benetton labels in the building rubble, and documentation of order forms from the New Wave Factory in the Rana Plaza building.

Following initial denials from the company in regard to their link to Rana Plaza, they later publicly acknowledged that New Wave Style was a supplier for Benetton. The fact that brands like Benetton kept dragging their feet only prolonged the suffering of the workers impacted by Rana Plaza. Some brands linked to the disaster even never paid up.

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The collapse of the Rana Plaza factory building in Bangladesh was the worst ever industrial incident to hit the garment industry. It was followed by a struggle for justice for the Rana Plaza workers and safe factories for all.

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Is the founder of Wiki Leaks, Julian founded WikiLeaks to defend human rights, published the American army manual that deals with prisoners in 2007, published a list of different people in England who belong to the extreme right, published a video of the US military killing Iraqi civilians and journalists.

He published more videos and documents of all kinds from many governments on his page, this made the United States government want to extradite him, but he sought asylum in Ecuador.

In this case we can see that the right to asylum is being implemented, since Assange requested asylum from the Ecuadorian embassy and it was granted. Also in 2022, the president of Mexico offered Julian asylum.

Padinger, G. (2024, 21 febrero). Cronología del caso Julian Assange: ¿qué hizo y de qué acusan al fundador de WikiLeaks? CNN. https://cnnespanol.cnn.com/2024/02/20/cronologia-julian-assange-que-hizo-acusan-wikileaks-orix/

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In 2017, Equifax, one of the leading credit reporting agencies, experienced a data breach that exposed personal and financial information of approximately 147 million individuals. The company faced criticism for its poor handling of the security breach and its lack of adequate protection of user data.

The breach was attributed to a vulnerability in Equifax's website software, which allowed hackers to gain unauthorized access to the company's databases and steal vast amounts of sensitive data.

Equifax faced widespread criticism for its slow response to the breach, with reports indicating that the company knew about the vulnerability months before the breach was discovered but failed to take adequate measures to address it.

Rights Violated:

1. Right to Privacy.

2. Right to Data Protection.

3. Right to Financial Security.

Overall, the Equifax data breach was a significant violation of individuals' rights to privacy, data protection, financial security, and information security. It underscored the importance of robust data protection regulations, proactive security measures, and effective response mechanisms to prevent and mitigate the impact of data breaches on individuals' rights and well-being.

Bibliography:

Las 5 filtraciones de datos más importantes de los últimos 10 años. (2023, 10 agosto). Welivesecurity. Recuperado 21 de marzo de 2024, de https://www.welivesecurity.com/es/seguridad-digital/5-filtraciones-de-datos-ultimos-10-anos/

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The mision of Oxfam is to make visible, evident and modify the power structures that limits the equal access for all the people to have their rights and opportunities.

They fight this inequality through programs, campaigns, investigations and emergency interventions.

Reference

Sobrino, A. (s. f.). Conócenos | Oxfam México. https://www.oxfammexico.org/conocenos/

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The easiest categories to find were those in which human rights were denied or violated, while the most difficult were those where rights were not infringed upon, and policies were implemented to safeguard social rights. Only a few notes explicitly mentioned human rights. Precisely, 1, while in others, they were not mentioned as “human rights” but were referred to as such. We consider that the reason for not mentioning them is that human rights are a complex issue, which must be approached with caution, and stating that human rights are being violated or denied is a very strong statement. The Nordic countries tend to be the ones with the best compliance with human rights. We believe that for Mexico, some initiatives that could be taken to safeguard and protect social rights could include stricter and more efficient data protection laws as well as freedom of expression.