# data[].attributes.body
- Avoids recognition of Displaced Peoples
- Created out of political necessity
- Not satisfactory reparations, b/c no satisfaction, or restitution
- Should have a formal reparation bill

# data[].attributes.body
Reparations:
-In 2010, the Mexican Congress approved a reparations fund for victims of human rights abuses; the fund was approved for only 4 trials of human rights abuses
-In 2019, it was revealed that a victim of human rights abuses did not receive reparations he was promised
-The government should eliminate obstacles that delay prompt and sufficient reparations to victims

# data[].attributes.body
-Russia bombed 600 hospitals in Syria-> proposed that money from some of the seized Russian assets will go to Syria

# data[].attributes.body
- The UN and partners launched a more than $5 billion funding appeal for Afghanistan
- UN High Commissioner for Refugees Filippo Grandi called for $623 million, to support refugees and host communities in five neighboring countries
- The UN has put an appeal for funds for $4.4 billion , Biden denied it and took the money

# data[].attributes.location_name
Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

# data[].attributes.headline
Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

# data[].attributes.subject
Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

# data[].attributes.body
Democratic Republic of Congo asked for 11 billion dollars in war reparations from Uganda.
It took 23 years for the UN's highest court to demand Uganda to pay $325 million in reparations to the DRC.
-225 million for the loss of life and the displacement of 500,000 people
-40 million for damage of property
-60 million for damage of natural resources

# data[].attributes.body
List of proposed remedies includes (still not acted on): allowing the safe and dignified return of forcibly displaced persons, ensuring respect for their full citizenship, safeguarding their human rights, and granting protection against discrimination, persecution, or other related acts.

Rohingya refugees in the UK and US are suing facebook for 150bn British pounds as a result of Facebook amplifying hate speech that allowed the genocide to happen.

Recently the ICJ asserted jurisdiction in the Myanmar genocide case. This allows for the case to penalize Myanmar for the genocide to continue.

# data[].attributes.body
- Most of the people emigrating from Mexico are migrants

- Employment opportunities, healthcare, education, and family reunification are the pull factors

-Crime, drug trafficking, poverty, and climate hazards are the push factors

- 97% of Mexican immigrants go to the US

- Mexican men make up the majority of migrants

- Mexicans make up the largest amount of immigrants in the United States, making up 24% of foreign born residents

- $148 million sent in remittances

-there have been surges in Mexican immigration to the United States, but it is fairly consistent

# data[].attributes.body
- Most of the people emigrating from Mexico are migrants
- Employment opportunities are the pull factor
- 97% of Mexican immigrants go to the US
- Mexican men make up the majority of migrants
- Mexicans make up the largest amount of immigrants in the United States
- $148 million sent in remittances

# data[].attributes.body
Migrants:
Why?
Natural disasters, poverty, and political
turmoil, insecurity
When?
2010, 2016, 2021
Different causes among them:
- Natural disasters
- Insecurity

# data[].attributes.body
- Over 6 million Afghans have been driven out of their homes by forced migration by the Taliban
- Taliban took over in August of 2021
- About 2.7 million Afghans went across borders
- Most Afghan asylum seekers would be considered IDPs because they moved within their country and the vast majority went to Pakistan and Iran
- 80% of Afghan asylum seekers are women and children
- People are fleeing because of a change in governmental authority, poverty, natural disasters, and the pandemic

# data[].attributes.body
Main issue is civil wars that lasts for decades

People displaced by crisis: 200,000-300,000 (According to International Rescue Committee)

The most popular destination is Mexico in 2021

The second and third popular destination are US and UK in 2021

Limited Reparations done:
“In 2016, El Salvador’s Supreme Court struck down an amnesty law approved in 1993. The law had made it impossible to prosecute those involved in massacres, such as what occurred in El Mozote, as well as other gross human rights violations and war crimes.  Julio César Larrama, from the Attorney General’s Office, said this not only opened up the chance for prosecutions of military and non-state officials for war crimes, but it also showed the need to better training on handling such cases.”
https://www.ohchr.org/en/stories/2020/04/justice-delayed-not-denied-transitional-justice-el-salvador

# data[].attributes.body
Some migrate from Ecuador in search of work and employment due to the unemployment rate rapidly increasing in Ecuador from the Covid-19 pandemic.

Ecuadorians mostly migrate to Canada, The US and Venezuela.

# data[].attributes.location_name
Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

# data[].attributes.body
2.5 million refugees + 1.7 million migrants
Refugees:
-safety/security
-conflict between government forces and armed groups
-food insecurity (15 million in DRC are food insecure)
-disease
--Zambia
--Angola
--Burundi
--Tanzania

Migrants:
-economic opportunity
-disease
--Republic of Congo
--Rwanda
--Uganda

# data[].attributes.body
-Syrian refugees are fleeing due to the ongoing civil war
-They started migrating mostly since 2011
-Over 13 million Syrians have been displaced
-Most (at least 6.7 mil) refugees have migrated to Turkey
-Huge amounts of children are being displaced

# data[].attributes.body
- Primarily refugees
- Ethnic persecution against Rohingya people
- Since military dictatorship, 1978
- 980k refugees left
- Primary target Bangladesh

# data[].attributes.body
- Primarily economic/general migration, not refugees
- Migrate due to a widespread unemployment/economic downturn that's been exacerbated by COVID
- Long term, but increased since 2018
- >62k migrants left in first half of 2021
- Mostly migrate to US

# data[].attributes.body
70,527 recognized refugees
Migrant Population: 387,513.00

# data[].attributes.body
- Hosted 63.4% of Syrian Refugees, and many migrants from the Iraq
- Many refugees pass through, fleeing from armed conflict, ethnic intolerance, religious fundamentalism, and political tensions.
- Turkish Govt. is pressuring them to move because of inflation and account deficit.
- They leave as migrants and go to Denmark, Germany and Sweden.

# data[].attributes.body
- 2.3 million displaced refugees
- third largest refugee crisis (after Syria and Afghanistan)
- reasons: armed conflicts, economic decline, hunger, diseases
- majority flees to neighbouring countries ( e.g. Uganda, Sudan, Kenya, Ethiopia)
- no reparations enforced yet
- proposed reparation programmes based on non-discrimination, victim-centredness and gender-sensitivity
- international community should support the establishment of reparation programmes and empower victims and communities to engage with such