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PARTS OF GILLS

1. Gill Filaments- Used for exchange such as Oxygen and carbon dioxide.
- The gill filaments in fish have functions like lungs in people: it's the organ responsible for absorbing oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The gills also regulate levels of mineral ions and the pH of the blood, as well as being the primary site of nitrogenous waste excretion, in the form of ammonia.

2. Gill arch- Used for support and for passing blood to the gill and filaments.
- branchial arch, also called Visceral Arch, or Gill Arch, one of the bony or cartilaginous curved bars on either side of the pharynx (throat) that support the gills of fishes and amphibians; also, a corresponding rudimentary ridge in the embryo of higher vertebrates, which in some species may form real but transitory

3. Gill Rakers- Used for straining food from the water.
- While gill rakers have no role in gas exchange, the predominant function of gills, they do perform an equally important function for filter-feeding fish – food acquisition. These bony projections serve as a sieve to trap food particles

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1, Operculum which is a bony structure that covers the gills and aids in respiration (breathing).

2, Lateral line which like the name implies, is a line that follows the length of the fish. This sensory structure helps the fish detect movement or vibrations in the water. This assists in hunting, escaping, and moving in unison.

3, The dorsal fin, which is a fin on the backside (dorsal side) of the fish, which stabilizes and aids in turning. If you've ever seen the movie Jaws, the dorsal fin is the fin that pops out of the water as the shark approaches and you hear ominous music.

4, The adipose fin, which is seen in various families of fish (including salmon). It is located between the dorsal fin and the tail. Scientists once believed it was to store fat (adipose), hence the name. Now many scientists believe it helps with swim efficiency.

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The liver is a large, clearly defined organ

kidneys are paired organs located in the body cavity either side of the backbone
Heart-The heart of a fish is a two-chambered heart. It has one Auricle and one ventricle. Blood from all the parts of the body is sent to auricle, auricle pumps that blood to ventricle and ventricle pumps that blood to gills for the purpose of oxygenation

intestine is primarily an organ for absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream

Muscle blocks on one side contract while those opposite relax, thus flexing the entire body alternately from side to side.

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4. Adipose fin, which is seen in various families of fish (including salmon). It is located between the dorsal fin and the tail. Scientists once believed it was to store fat (adipose), hence the name. Now many scientists believe it helps with swim efficiency.
The next fin on our tour is the tail.
5. Caudal fin (cauda is Latin for tail), and the fish uses it to propel itself.
6. Anal fin (which is located near the anus, hence the name). This fin helps keep the fish stable.
7. The pelvic fins are located closer to the front of the fish than the anal fin. These are paired fins that help keep the fish stable.

8. Paired pectoral fins are towards the front, near the gills, and help stabilize and steer the fish.

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Spine - Spine. A fish's backbone is also known as its spine. It provides support for the ribs, tail, and body systems.

Spinal Cord - A fish's spinal cord transmits motor messages to its peripheral nerves, and sends sensory messages back to the brain.

Brain - Fish do not have an amygdala and hippocampus that is anatomically homologous to those of humans, but they have analogous brain areas whose function is to control and learn from emotional responses.

Gills - Fish gills have an elaborate structure–function relationship with the environment and are usually the main gas-exchange organ where oxygen is taken up into the body and carbon dioxide is removed via diffusion, creating useable ATP energy through aerobic metabolic pathways.

Swim bladder - The swim bladder is located in the body cavity and is derived from an outpocketing of the digestive tube. It contains gas (usually oxygen) and functions as a hydrostatic, or ballast, organ, enabling the fish to maintain its depth without floating upward or sinking.