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- There were at least 100,000 men in each army. Some of the greatest Greek heroes like Achilles and Odysseus became famous by fighting in the Trojan war.

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The Trojan war actually started because of the abduction or elopement of Helen, the wife of Menelaus of Sparta. She was kidnapped by the son of the Trojan King, Paris. Menelaus then sent his brother Agamemnon to lead an expedition against Troy. The ensuing war lasted 10 years.

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Achilles was the son of Peleus, king of the Myrmidons. According to Greek myth Achilles's mother dipped his heel into the River Styx when he was just a baby. This made him invulnerable except for his heel. Achilles was the strongest warrior during the Trojan war.  According to post-Homeric myths, the Greeks would not have won the Trojan war without Achilles. According to Greek legend Paris was the one who killed Achilles with a bow, avenging his brother Hector. Paris was not a very renound archer and received the help of the Archery god Apollo, to guide his arrow into Achilles's heel, the only spot where he was vulnerable.

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We choose this topic because we learned about Greek/Roman history, and remembered the Trojan War. Because we didn't go over it in class we decided to put in our own work to research it.

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10 years after Helen is taken, the Spartans along with there allies landed in Troy and after an initial battle, Menelaus offers to fight Paris to settle the war on peaceful terms, whoever killed the other would get Helen. Menelaus being the better fighter beat Paris, but according to myth, before being struck down Aphrodite saved him by turning him into mist and transporting him back behind the walls of Troy. Because neither died, the siege on Troy continued.

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An image of Hector stabbing Patroclus outside of Trojan walls

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The angry Menelaus sends his army out on Troy, but Achilles, his best fighter, refuses to fight. So instead he sends Achilles friend Patroclus to lead the Myrmidons. Patroclus decides to wear Achilles armor to motivate his troops by making them think he were Achilles. But this then made him a target for Trojan soldiers and was later killed by Hector, who was Troys best fighter, during the fight .

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Once Achilles found out about the death of Patroclus,  he vowed to get revenge on Hector as well a Troy. Achilles rejoined the battle and pushed back the Trojan army within its walls. Hector was the last one remaining outside of the walls, where he and Achilles dueled. Achilles beat Hector, killing him, and dragged his body back to Spartas camp

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According to Greek myth, the idea of the Trojan horse was Odysseus's.  Odysseus had asked Epeius, a master carpenter, to build the Trojan horse. The Greeks having pretended to have retreated,  left behind a man to tell the Trojans that it was an offering to Athena that would make Troy unbreachable. The Trojan horse was taken inside Troy. Later that night the Greeks inside of the Trojan horse opened the gates of Troy and let in the rest of the Greek army. After Troy had been massacred and ransacked by the Greek army, Paris surrendered and Helen was returned to Sparta.

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The Trojan war is the earliest recorded myth (which was based off of certain facts of the time) that was written down, it set the stage for future pieces to be written such as the Odyssey. It benefited literature greatly as it sparked interest in the writing down of stories.

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The editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. (2022). Trojan War. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Trojan-War

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The editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. (2022). Achilles. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Achilles-Greek-mythology

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Cartwright, M. (2018). Trojan War. World Histroy Enyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/Trojan_War/

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MacDonald, L. (n.d.). The Trojan war timline. Sutori. https://www.sutori.com/en/story/the-trojan-war-timeline--N46GA1hx8sBfu8HJcBA4eVaM

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An image of Paris putting Helen on his ship to head back to Troy