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Creation of earth   (4.5 billion years ago)

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Creation of earth   (4.5 billion years ago)

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The sun was surrounded by a cloud of dust and rocks, and when the rocks collided with each other, it formed the earth. Gradually, this formation was massive enough to attract more rocks with the force of gravity, thus becoming the earth. The moon is said to have formed similarly, with a large chunk of rock smashing into the earth and resulting in a cloud of debris that became the moon.

Science/

characteristics of life

Growth,

Growth is where a living being or nonliving being turns from one thing to another. Growth can turn things bigger and better over a period of time.

Explanation: As the earth formed it was not as big as it is today but gradually after a few huge asteroids collided with the earth it started to get bigger and better over time. The temperature also went down from hell to normal after a few million years.

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The beginning of life cannot be surely confirmed, but the oldest confirmed fossils are single-celled microorganisms, which date back 3.5 billion years. There are a lot of different possibilities for the formation of life. It may have begun in warm alkaline vents on the seabed, in open water, or on land. The first organisms' formation and nature are still mysteries.

Science/ characteristics of life

All Living Things are made of Cell

Cells are the smallest building blocks of life.

Cells are either single-celled or multicellular organisms

Single-celled organisms or that does all the functions needed to live.

Example:  bacteria or yeast

Explanation: As the earth started growing, all living organisms were unicellular organisms meaning to be single-celled organisms, while multicellular organisms are organisms with more than one cell. As cells are living organisms, it helps justify how this characteristic of life (Cell) is suitable for this particular event as all living things are made of cells.

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Living things reacted to sunlight (3.5 billion years ago)

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Living things reacted to sunlight (3.5 billion years ago)

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The process of photosynthesis has been around for millions of years, but about 30 million years ago, some plants found a better way to do it. C4 photosynthesis was found to be far more efficient, with C4 plants being able to withstand harsh conditions. C4 is basically when plants use a better way to metabolize their food

Science/ characteristics of life

Life responds to stimuli

The process begins with the detection of the stimulus (from the environment) and ends with a change in the state or activity of the cell or organism.

Explanation: "Life responds to stimuli" basic term is life responding to the environment and while the sun is a part of the environment it helps us understand how this characteristic of life suits this particular event in earth's history.

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Beginning of tectonic plates (3 billion years ago)

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Beginning of tectonic plates (3 billion years ago)

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The process of plate tectonics began and thus resulted in the formation of the first continent, nicknamed "Ur." Cooler parts of the Earth's crust were pulled downward into the warmer upper mantle, damaging and weakening the surrounding crust. The process happened, again and again, the authors say, until the weak areas formed plate boundaries.

Science/characteristics of life

Adapting to Environment (Evolution)

Environment - The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives. This includes the weather, climate, and geography, but not other living things.

Habitat - Same as environment, but with living things.

Explanation: As tectonic plates constantly move the environment is also constantly changing. For example, when Pangea started separating into 7 different continents the environment changed and huge animals started getting smaller.

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The Earth froze for the second time in 200 million years, with ice stretching from the poles to the equator. The only good thing to come out of this snowball period is the evolution of complex animals it triggered. The first complex organisms were weird, tube- and frond-shaped things called the Ediacarans.

Homeostasis

Any process that living things use to actively maintain fairly stable conditions necessary for survival

It is an organism’s way to maintain internal balance.

Explanation: With microorganisms living on the earth at the time of the ice age, they went through the process of homeostasis as well as all organisms do. As the earth started getting colder the microorganism changed from their normal state as the temperature changed and either adapted or died due to the decrease in temperatures all around the globe.

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Multicellular Life (600 million years ago)

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Multicellular Life (600 million years ago)

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Cells started teaming up to form larger organisms with mouths, limbs, and sense organs.  Multicellularity evolved in different organisms independently, with plants managing to do it before animals. At first, there is one mother cell which later on divides into two daughter cells, and continues to do so.

Science/ characteristics of life

Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction:

Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that creates
offsprings that are genetically identical to the parent which
Requires only 1 parent.

Sexual Reproduction:

Sexual reproduction is the creation of new organisms by the combination of genetic information of two individuals of different sex.

Explanation: As the first unicellular organism turned into the first multicellular organism it reproduced meaning turns into two identical replicas from one mother to two daughter cells and does the same process over and over again. This helps explain why using reproduction for this certain event makes sense.

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Cambrian Explosion (541 million years ago)

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Cambrian Explosion (541 million years ago)

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In the Cambrian Explosion, almost every group of modern animals appeared within tens of millions of years. This "explosion" caused better fossilization due to the hard shells many animals now have. Then, about 489 million years ago, each animal group expanded in the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event.

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First fish on land (375 million years ago)

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First fish on land (375 million years ago)

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With plants already developing on land, animals also started to move out of the water. Insects were first, soon followed by big, backboned animals like Tiktaalik, a fish that looked like a salamander. These fish would soon adapt and develop four limbs, giving rise to amphibians, mammals, and reptiles. The timing of these fish was exceptional, as the Late Devonian Extinction wiped out a lot of marine animals.

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All the landmasses on earth came together to form one supercontinent called Pangea, and it was surrounded by the ocean Panthalassa, which spanned the whole of earth. The landmasses began to separate after 175 million years.

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Dinosaurs and the first mammals were flourishing at the same time. The early mammals were small and shrew-like, and the reason behind their warm-bloodedness could be due to their nocturnal nature.

Science/ characteristics of life

Metabolism

Metabolism is the process by which living things change food and drinks into energy. They do so by in some way of exercise.

Explanation: The earliest dinosaurs and pterosaurs had high metabolism rates and were warm-blooded animals.