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One Muslim leader became the strongest monarch in the world in 1500s.

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A devout Muslim Suleyman l oversaw one of the largest empires in history-and one of the longest lasting.

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The lands Persia, Byzantium, and Egypt along with the parts of eastern Europe, was included by the empire

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After the last caliphs was murdered in 661AD, a family named Umayyads gained power.

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The Umayyads passed the title of caliph it was usually father to son.

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The Umayyads passed the title of caliph it was usually father to son.

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Their actiona lost them both respect and control of their empire.

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Opposing group competed for power in the Muslim empire, and a major split developed in Islam in the late 600s.

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Asia, Africa, and Europe was Islams three continents-rival dynasties that attacked or challenged one another.

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Abbasids, who were descendants of Muhammad's uncle, took control of the empire.

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The largest empire of this time was the Ottoman Empire , but the empire faced strong enemies in Persia and India.

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The Abbaids ruled is during a prosperous golden age in Muslim history, but the caliphs were isolated from people.

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They built a huge army that relied on mainly Turkish mercenaries, or hired soldiers.

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The Umayyads transformed Muslim Spain into a center of power, learning, and culture between 756 and 1031.

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when Abd al-Rahman is assumed the power in 912, rebel Arab leaders has been challenging the authority of the Umayyad dynasty.

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The Cordoba became celebrated as a center for learning because it was a huge library and it can contain about 400000 books.

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The Mughals were nomads from Central Asia who invaded India.

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Muslim ruler of al-Andalus was faced many challenges. Al-Andaalus split into many small Muslim kingdom after 1031. however after Abd al-Rahman III is death in 961, the civil war erupted

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Babur, a Mughal leader, laid the foundation of the Mughal Empire, then soon stretched across almost the entire subcontinent.

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Another Mughal leader, Akbar, led Muslim India to a spectacular golden age, he also doubled Barbur's conquests and stabilized the empire by establishing a loyal governing class and an effective modern government.

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Soon, the empire became most famous for it's beautiful splendor and wealth

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Safavids used their wealth to build fabulous palaces, mosques, schools, hospitals, roads and bridges, they made their new capital of Esfahn into one of the most magnificent cities in the world.