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The period between 1871 and the outbreak of the Great War There was great rivalry between France and Germany following the outcome of the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871).

There were also disagreements between the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Russia over political dominance in the Balkans

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Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, and his wife were assassinated

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Between 1860 and 1913, major industrial progress took place in Europe, led by the UK, France and Germany. This led to the development of new weapons and the construction of specialised means of transport for warfare.

This made European nations suspicious of their adversaries, which led them to invest even more money in defending their colonies and preparing for war

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Between 1860 and 1913, major industrial progress took place in Europe, led by the UK, France and Germany. This led to the development of new weapons and the construction of specialised means of transport for warfare.

This made European nations suspicious of their adversaries, which led them to invest even more money in defending their colonies and preparing for war

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Nationalist ideologies took hold in Europe during the 19th century. Each government sought to exalt feelings of belonging to a community.

The nation was to be fought for, even to the point of giving one's life if necessary. Thus, each country encouraged the defence of its own interests and disdain for the traits that were peculiar to other nations.

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THE DIPLOMACY OF THE COMPETITION BETWEEN NATIONS

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THE DIPLOMACY OF THE COMPETITION BETWEEN NATIONS

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Mistrust between countries divided the world into friends and rivals. On the initiative of Otto von Bismarck, the chancellor of unified Germany, the Triple Alliance of 1882 was created, consisting of Germany, the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Italy.

Its aim was to diminish the power of France and to decree its common defence against Russia.