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Gender roles have always influenced how people behave , think, and interact. Traditionally, men were seen as the “leaders” and the “providers” of the house, while women stayed home as house wife’s expected to care for their family. However, in Modern society is challenging these expectations by recognizing that identity and ability are not defined as gender.

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Understanding gender roles is important because it helps identify inequality and stereotypes. For example, people who can act beyond traditional gender norms, gains confidence, access to opportunities, and contribute fully to society. Women in leadership and men taking caregiving roles show the benefits of flexibility in gender roles.

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Gender roles also intersect with culture, media and education. Media representation of “ideal masculinity” or “ideal femininity” continue to shape these expectations, while education environments may unconsciously guide women and men towards to different subjects. Recognizing these influences and allows society to critically assess biases and promote more inclusive practices that empower everyone, regardless of gender.

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Despite progress, challenges remain. Wage, gaps , underrepresentation , of women in leadership, and societal pressures on men to avoid caregiving roles illustrates that gender norms still have a tangible impact. Understanding gender roles, is not just theoretical but it is essential for creating equity, diversity, and social cohesion.

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How do gender roles shape the opportunities people have today? And what can we do as a society to promote equality?

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1. Bem, S. L. (1981). Gender schema theory: A cognitive account of sex typing. Psychological Review, 88(4), 354–364. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.88.4.354

2. Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (2012). Social role theory. In P. A. M. Van Lange, A. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (pp. 458–476). Sage Publications.

3. Connell, R. W. (2005). Masculinities (2nd ed.). University of California Press.

4. Hooks, B. (2000). Feminism is for everybody: Passionate politics. South End Press.

5. OpenStax. (2021). Introduction to Sociology 3e: Chapter 12—Gender and Gender Inequality. https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-3e/pages/12-2-gender-and-gender-inequality