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Gaia is known as the goddess of the Earth. She is also the mother goddess, the ancestor of most other deities.

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Gaia has control over the weather and lands, and can draw on the spiritual energy of all living beings on Earth

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Gaia is the mother of all creation, including many strong children, the giants, and the 100-headed monster Typhon. She is also known as the all-mother, who nourishes everything. 

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Gaia nourishes plants and young children.

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Gaia is also said to be the giver of dreams and is often depicted as present at the birth of Zeus. In some legends, she is Zeus' enemy because she is the mother of the giants and Typhon.

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Gaia was the first overseer at the Oracle of Delphi and may have warned others of prophecies she received.

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Gaia has great mystical powers that are undefined in nature. She can draw on the spiritual energy of all living beings on Earth because they share part of her life essence.

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It is undeniable that Gaia is a vital god in the pantheon (she is literally Earth, after all) and she is one of the most depicted of the primordial deities.

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Gaia is the literal personification of the planet itself, unlike other Earth goddesses in Greek mythology. Her name comes from the Greek word for "Earth", Gi.

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Gaia helped inspire the Gaia hypothesis. Developed initially in 1972, the Gaia Hypothesis suggests that living organisms interact with surrounding inorganic matter to form a self-regulating system to maintain the condition of life on Earth.

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The hypothesis is called to question by evolutionary biologists that note that it largely disregards the theory of natural selection, since life would have developed by cooperation rather than competition.

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Besides being the creator of the other primordial deities, the mighty Titans, and many other entities, Gaia is also believed to be the origin of prophecy in Greek mythology.

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Gaia is considered the supreme goddess by both mortals and immortals, and is said to have emerged from the void of Chaos, one of the first beings to do so. Gaia would also bring forth other Protogenoi, the ten Ourea, the Mountains, Pontus, the Sea, and Ouranos, the Sky.

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There were four "firstborn" deities, Chaos, Gaia, Tartarus, and Eros. Ouranos would become the first supreme deity and partner with Gaia, with the Earth giving birth to the three Cyclopes, the three Hecatonchires, and the 12 Titans. With Pontus, Gaia would also give birth to several sea deities, including Ceto, Eurybia, Nereus, Phorcys, and Thaumas.

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Things didn’t go well with Uranus. Gaia didn’t get the picturesque life she envisioned when she wed her son and future king. Not only would he regularly force himself onto her, he also acted as a terrible father and an indulgent ruler.

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fearful that he might be overthrown, Ouranos would imprison the Cyclopes and Hecatonchires within Tartarus, the hell pit found deep within the bowels of Gaia.

This imprisonment caused Gaia both physical and mental pain

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Ouranos was not fearful of the Titans, and so Gaia plotted with her 12 children. Cronus would take up an adamantine sickle, and while his brothers held Ouranos still, Cronus would castrate his father.

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As the blood of the Sky god fell onto Gaia, Gaia would give birth to the Gigantes, the Erinyes, and the Meliae.

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The direct aftermath of the attack led to Uranus’ blood unintentionally creating other life. From what scattered across the wide-pathed Earth created the Erinyes (the Furies), the Gigantes (the Giants), and the Meliai (ash tree nymphs). When Cronus threw his father’s genitals into the sea, the goddess Aphrodite sprang forth from the blood-mingled seafoam.

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Cronus would become the new dominant god, and yet he was no more secure in his position, so he kept the Cyclopes and the Hecatonchires imprisoned, oblivious to Gaia's wishes. Gaia would make a prophecy that Cronus himself would overthrown by his child.

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Consequently, five newborns were snatched from their mother and consumed by their father. The cycle continued until Rhea sought out Gaia’s advice on the matter leading up to the birth of their sixth child, to which she was told to instead give Cronus a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes and to have the child be raised in a secret place.

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Once he was finally born, the youngest son of Cronus was named Zeus. Zeus was spirited away by Gaia immediately after his birth to be raised by his nymph aunts, the Meliai

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After many years, Zeus eventually infiltrated Cronus’ inner circle and freed his older siblings from the gut of their aged father. If it were not for Gaia’s wisdom bestowed on her favorite daughter, Cronus would not have likely been overthrown, and the Greek pantheon today would look much different.

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Zeus would lead a rebellion against the Titans, and overthrow them during Titanomachy.

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The Titanomachy is a 10-year period of war following Zeus’ poisoning of Cronus to free his divine brothers and sisters. The battles that took place were said to be so impassioned and Earth-shaking that Chaos itself stirred. That says a lot, considering Chaos is an ever-sleeping void. During the war between these two generations of gods, Gaia remained largely neutral amongst her descendants.

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Gaia was initially pleased when Zeus freed her children, the Cyclopes and Hecatonchires, from Tartarus, but then was displeased when Zeus locked up many of the Titans in their place.

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Gaia would then incite her 100 Gigantes sons into rebellion.

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Upset over the Olympians slaying the Giants, Gaia had a rendezvous with Tartarus and bore the father-of-all-monsters, Typhon. Again, Zeus easily overcame this challenger sent by Gaia and struck him down to Tartarus with his all-mighty thunderbolt.

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After this, Gaia takes a step back from meddling in the affairs of the reigning gods and takes the back-burner in other stories within Greek mythology.

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Gaia was widely worshipped in Greece for she was the ancestor to most of the most important deities, and she was also the first goddess associated with the vitally important Oracles.

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As a shining star in Greek mythology, the Earth goddess Gaia is cast in a series of antagonistic roles early on: she leads a coup, (sort of) saves a baby, and initiates two separate wars. Outside of these events, she is credited with creating and maintaining life as Mother Earth and keeping the world in balance.