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In the picture above, evolution is shown in many ways. Natural selection is shown when the species goes from needing to use both hands and feet to transitioning to only needing its feet to walk. You can also see mutations throughout this evolution because there are many distinct traits that change through each stage such as change in body hair or height. The picture shows new genetics being introduced throughout the evolution as well, which represents the gene flow. The development of more prominent breast and eye catching features, such as changing from brown hair to blonde hair, represents the process of sexual selection. Shown in the photo, apes are evolving into humans, but somehow we still have apes today. This means at some point in time the two distinct species became two populations of their own. These various concepts contribute to the theory of evolution by showing us changes in gene pool and environmental factors to benefit these populations and contribute to their overall survival.

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The Armillaria, also known as the honey fungus, is a genus. This type of fungi is harmful and infectious fungus. In this article it infects plants like strawberries and privet. Trichoderma fungi can be used to fight against the Amarillaria fungi.

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From the table above, we see or use monocot plants everyday. Monocots can be seen everywhere when you walk outside, like in parks, lawns, and gardens. Some common monocot plants are; grass, flowers such as daffodils and orchids, onion, garlic, and corn. We also see or use dicot plants on a daily basis. Dicot plants can be seen in the same places you find monocot plants. Some common dicot plants are; beans, tomatoes, flowers such as roses and daisies, and maple leaves.

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In the video above, the narrator starts off by discussing scientific facts about the invertebrate phyla, Cnadarian. Some of the facts included were that fossil records date back 580 million years and that there are 10,000 species. The narrator then discusses the three types of Cnardarians; penetrant type, which stings you like a jellyfish, volvent type, which lassos, and the glutinant type, which secretes. He continues further into the video discussing the structure of a Cnidarian. Cnidarians are diploblastic, which contain two layers, the ectoderm and the endoderm with a gelatinous layer called the mesoglea in between. Cnadarians also have no organs or organ systems. The narrator continues to talk about how they have radial symmetry, meaning, they have a top and bottom and are symmetrical around the center. Then the narrator discusses how Cnadarianas have two different forms, called polymorphism. These two forms are called polyps and medusas. Finally, he ends the video discussing how cnidarians only have one opening, meaning the mouth is the anus. He also talks about the reproduction of Cnadarians and how they reproduce sexually and asexually.

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Phylum Cnidaria Part 1: Introduction and Broad Characteristics

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This article on the Cleveland Clinic website educates individuals on what homeostasis is, how it works, and the importance of it. In the beginning, the article states that homeostasis is a state of balance that your body systems need to maintain in order to survive. Homeostatic processes are ran by a particular part of your brain called the hypothalamus. The article continues, stating that there are two ways homeostasis occurs. The first is called negative feedback, meaning your body systems try to reverse the unwanted change in your body. Some examples of negative feedback would be blood pressure, body temperature, fluid balance, and oxygen levels. The second way homeostasis occurs is called positive feedback. This is when processes continue to intensify and get stronger, until the cause of the problem has been removed. Examples of positive feedback would be labor and delivery, blood clotting, and inflammation. Next, the article talks about the importance of homeostasis and how we cannot survive without it. The article also focuses on how all diseases and medical conditions are a result of a disruption in homeostasis. The article ends by discussing how each body system, nervous, skeletal, respiratory, endocrine, and muscular, maintains homeostasis.

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Homeostasis is how your body maintains internal balance so its internal systems can run as effectively as possible.

What is homeostasis?

Homeostasis is how your body regulates your internal systems so they function correctly. Your body works best when its internal environment - including things like temperature or oxygen levels - is just right.

The term homeostasis comes from two ancient Greek words meaning "equal" and "holding still." In other words, homeostasis means reaching and maintaining a state of balance. In this context, balance isn't about keeping you from toppling over. It's about having the right balance of everything you need.

Balance is key because too much of even the most essential things can be harmful. For example, everyone knows that water and oxygen are good things, and you need them to survive. But drinking too much water too quickly can cause hyponatremia. And breathing pure oxygen for too long can cause oxygen toxicity. Both of those conditions can be deadly.

How does homeostasis work?

Homeostatic processes are automatic, and a specific part of your brain, the hypothalamus, runs them. There are two main ways that homeostasis happens:

Negative feedback

Positive feedback

Negative feedback homeostasis

Negative in this context doesn't mean bad. It means your body senses a change and tries to counteract or reverse the unwanted change. Most homeostatic processes in your body rely on negative feedback.

Examples of negative feedback homeostasis include:

Blood pressure. Your blood pressure keeps blood flowing up toward your head against the pull of gravity.

Body temperature. If you're too hot, your body makes you sweat to cool you down. If you're cold, your body makes you shiver to generate heat. These are examples of thermal (temperature) homeostasis.

Fluid balance. If you drink too much water, you'll soon feel the urge to pee to get rid of the extra fluid.

Oxygen levels. Your heart and breathing rates increase and decrease depending on how active you are. That's an example of respiratory and circulatory homeostasis.

Positive feedback homeostasis

Positive feedback homeostasis means the processes add to themselves and get stronger. That will keep on happening until the initial cause is gone.

Examples of positive feedback homeostasis include:

Labor and delivery. When labor starts, your cervix starts to stretch, which triggers nerve signals that go to your brain. Your brain releases the hormone oxytocin, which causes uterus contractions. The more your cervix stretches, the more oxytocin your brain releases and the stronger the contractions get. That stops once delivery is complete and your cervix returns to its normal size.

Hemostasis (blood clotting). When you have a wound that bleeds, clotting factors in your blood activate to seal the wound. They also call for reinforcements, summoning even more clotting factors. They'll keep on calling for more clotting factors until the bleeding stops.

Immune responses and inflammation. When you have an infection or injury, your immune system causes inflammation at that site. Inflammation is your body's way of shining a spotlight on a specific place so immune cells know exactly where to go. And immune cells at the scene will keep inflammation going as long as they need more help.

Why is homeostasis important?

You can't survive without homeostasis and the processes that drive it. And every disease or medical condition involves a disruption of homeostasis.

When you get hurt or sick, your body adjusts its homeostatic processes so you can recover. That's why you get a fever with infections or your blood clots when you have a bleeding wound.

Chronic conditions happen when something goes wrong and your homeostatic processes can't adjust enough to make up for it. For example, high blood pressure (hypertension) happens when your body can't keep the pressure within a healthy range. Osteoporosis happens when your bones lose calcium faster than your body can replace it.

Some diseases happen because homeostatic processes malfunction and make things worse. Examples include:

Allergic reactions. Allergies happen when your immune system reacts to something that it thinks is a threat. Mild allergies may just be unpleasant. But if the reaction is too strong, that homeostatic process can be dangerous. For example, a bee sting causes brief pain and mild swelling for most people. But a sting can cause deadly anaphylaxis for someone with an allergy.

Autoimmune diseases. These happen when your immune system malfunctions and mistakenly attacks part of your own body. The reaction itself would likely be normal and healthy if the target were an infection or injury instead of your own healthy tissues.

Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or sepsis. Immune system reactions naturally strengthen with time and will stop once the initial cause is gone. But those processes can rapidly become dangerous if your immune system reacts too strongly early on. That's why CRS and sepsis can become deadly so quickly.

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Homeostasis is a state of balance, and your body regulates its own systems to reach and maintain it. It's key to how all your body systems work.

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In this article by Katheryne T. Leigh-Osroosh, she discusses what epilepsy is and how individuals build a career with it. While reading this article I learned that epilepsy affects 3.4 million American citizens. Epilepsy can deeply impact an individuals brain by causing memory impairments, difficulty in communicating with others, and mood changes, depending on the location of the seizure in the brain. This neurological disorder can occur at any time and can span from low in severity to high in severity. Being diagnosed with epilepsy not only affects your psyche, social life, and personal goals but also your career development. During the study of participants in their workplace, we learned that most individuals do not advocate for their right to be accommodated to. This is heartbreaking, to know that the majority of these people go to work everyday and don't speak up for themselves because of a stigma that has been put on epilepsy. Luckily, there are career counselors now that are able to recognize the impact that epilepsy has on individuals career development. These career counselors are able to advocate for employees with epilepsy. They are also able to challenge the workplace policies in order to provide the necessary accommodations for their employees.

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The terrestrial biome that I chose is the boreal forest, also known as the taiga. The boreal forest is known to be the world's largest land biome, with more surface freshwater than any other biome. They are located in the northern hemisphere and have cold, harsh winters with snow that can last for six to eight months. The harsh environment makes for shorter growing seasons and nutrient poor soil, resulting in a low diversity of plant species. Due to this, boreal forests are made up of coniferous tree species like pine, spruce, and fir. These trees, once mature, create a dense canopy that lets little amounts of sunlight through to the understory. Boreal forests are also home to about 85 mammal species, such as bears, moose, deer, wolves, caribou, elk, snowshoe hares, lemmings, and beavers. In the rivers, ponds, and lakes that exist in boreal forests, live fish species that are able to survive the long, freezing winters. These fish species include minnows, stickleback, and different types of trout.

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In the video above about biodiversity, the narrator first explains how each plant, animal, and fungi species work together in an ecosystem. These organisms help to maintain balance and support life on this planet. The narrator then defines biodiversity as the variety of all living organisms and their interactions. He continues, stating that, without biodiversity, life on earth would not be sustainable. The narrator then explains the importance of biodiversity to sustain life is categorized into three types. The first is called genetic diversity, which is the amount of genes or traits expressed in a species. No two individuals are alike. The next is called species diversity, which means the different types of species in one area. The last is ecological diversity, which means the different types of habitats and ecosystems in a particular region. The narrator ends the video by discussing the importance of biodiversity. He explains how each species have a specific role in the ecosystem and how biodiversity needs to be conserved.

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What Is Biodiversity? - Definition, Types And Importance - Biological diversity - Learning Junction