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Pre-Colonial Prior 1500s: Indigenous Learning Theories

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Pre-Colonial Prior 1500s: Indigenous Learning Theories

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1500s-1600s: Early Childhood in the Renaissance - Landon Wirtanen

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1500s-1600s: Early Childhood in the Renaissance - Landon Wirtanen

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Not all children were able to receive a formal education as it was primarily only available to the wealthy. Even then it was only really meant for men and boys. Occasionally, some girls might receive a little instruction from either their parents or maybe even a tutor. If your family was not particularly wealthy, you might only receive an occupational education. This means that if you were to become an apprentice to a shoemaker, you would probably not be taught how to read or write. However, you would need to be taught if you were apprenticed to a printer.

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Cover of John Amos Comenius's published Orbis Pictus (The Visible World in Pictures)

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1658: John Amos Comenius publishes 'Orbis Pictus'- by Dr. Katie

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1658: John Amos Comenius publishes 'Orbis Pictus'- by Dr. Katie

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In 1658, John Amos Comenius published Orbis Pictus (The Visible World in Pictures), which is known as the first picture book made for teaching children. This book uses both words and illustrations to help children connect language with the world around them, making learning easier and more interesting. Instead of memorizing facts, Comenius believed children should learn through their senses and everyday experiences. Orbis Pictus demonstrated that education should begin early in life and be accessible to all children, marking a significant milestone in the history of early childhood education.

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John Amos Comenius Publishes 'Orbis Pictus'

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1693: John Locke's 'Some Thoughts Concerning Education'

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1693: John Locke's 'Some Thoughts Concerning Education'

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1762: Jean-Jacques Rousseau's 'Emile'- Katelyn Carrillo

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1762: Jean-Jacques Rousseau's 'Emile'- Katelyn Carrillo

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In 1762, Jean-Jacques Rousseau wrote a book called "Émile, On Education". In it, he explained how kids should be taught in a way that helps them grow into independent and good people. He believed that learning should match a child’s natural growth instead of being all about strict rules and memorizing facts. Rousseau thought kids learn better through hands-on experiences and exploring the world around them.

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1840: Friedrich Froebel Opens the First Kindergarten- Lila Cabezut

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1840: Friedrich Froebel Opens the First Kindergarten- Lila Cabezut

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In 1837 Friedrich Froebel founded the first Kindergarten in Brandenburg, Germany initially calling it the "Play and Activity Institute" before renaming it Kindergarten in 1840 for his theory children should be nurtured like "plants in a garden" . Before then, no system existed for children under seven nor was it recognized that those children of that age could learn social and intellectual skills. Froebel challenged others concepts in education, believing more in hands on learning and learning through play, such as blocks. Froebel believed that playing with blocks gives fundamental expression to a child’s soul. Today there is still the school named Froebel School in Keilhau, Germany that still follows his ways today.

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Julia A.

Founded in Wisconsin by Margarethe Schurz, student of Friedrich Frobel. This made an impact of american education,introducing early childhood education practices, promoting child centered learning and the importance of it. This helped shaped early childhood programs around the world. They were primarily private and focused on German speaking communities and eventually expanded to English speaking children. These schools focused on creativity, learning and hands on learning.

https://www.redleafpress.org/assets/clientdocs/social_media/IsEverybodyReadyForKindergarten.pdf

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1896: John Dewey's Laboratory School -Briana D.

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1896: John Dewey's Laboratory School -Briana D.

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The Dewey Laboratory School was created in 1896 by John Dewey. The purpose of the school was to learn about the progression in education by conducting practice experiments that taught children by actually doing things. Due to faculty issues the school shut down in 1904. Even though the schools shut down after 7 years, it is still known as one of the most famous experimental schools.

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1890 : the kindergarten lessons we never learned. -Marcy Whitebook

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1890 : the kindergarten lessons we never learned. -Marcy Whitebook

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in 1890, education had begun to become more public, mostly in urban areas. this had increased children's ability to gain knowledge without having to be wealthy. all this was happening during the "progressive era" where it was a time focused on social reforms. this progressive era helped immigrant children learn proper social values and to fit in with the other children. this was also a time where they had started "play learning" being interactive with the kids.

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1907: Maria Montessori Opens Casa dei Bambini: Kenadee

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1907: Maria Montessori Opens Casa dei Bambini: Kenadee

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On the 6th of January 1907, the first Montessori environment, the Casa dei Bamnini, was opened in San Lorenzo, Rome, Italy, by Maria Montessori. During this time in Rome, education was not prioritized for poor children. Rome was poverty-ridden, with a stark and visible contrast between the wealthy and the poor. Underprivileged children’s education was often forgotten about. Maria Montessori observed this firsthand and opened Casa dei Bambini. Through Montessori's observations and work with children, she discovered that they had an effortless ability to learn, and children taught themselves. This formed her lifelong pursuit of the educational approach that we now use all over the world today and continues to positively impact and support children's lifelong learning.

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1962: Civil Rights Movement and Educational Equity

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1962: Civil Rights Movement and Educational Equity

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Melanie Edwards

Even though the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court ruling was processed, the push for desegregation in schools continued to face backlash. The legal part of it was still in the processes for being 100% solid, however, people did not enforce the desegregation. The case also was overturned by the Court declaring the "separate but equal" was unconstitutional, this led to unequal resources to colored students. The goal in the education system at this time was to create equal educational opportunities to every student no matter race or age. After years of systematic discrimination, legal challenges and legislative actions began to force desegregation in schools.

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1965: Head Start Program Established- Athena G.

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1965: Head Start Program Established- Athena G.

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Head start was started by president Lyndon B. Johnson as a “war on poverty” program. It recognized that every child has a right to learn and develop before entering elementary school, and provided health, social welfare, and job training for family members. It targeted children from disadvantaged backgrounds to allow for more opportunity for young people.

Present day, it provides free early childhood learning, health care, and family services for children aged 0-5.

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20th Century-1980's Constructivist Learning Theory Deysi de Saavedra

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20th Century-1980's Constructivist Learning Theory Deysi de Saavedra

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It posits that students actively construct their own understanding and knowledge through experience rather than passively receiving information.

Knowledge is built by students learning to be active and engage with prior knowledge and contextual learning that contributes personally and socially, motivating students for effective and deeper learning.

The role of a teacher and the student is to guide constructively and facilitate them with a primary source.

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Mid 20th Century to 50's/60's: Cognitivist learning theory 

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Mid 20th Century to 50's/60's: Cognitivist learning theory 

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1989: UN Convention on the Rights of the Child

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1989: UN Convention on the Rights of the Child

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1991: Reggio Emilia Approach Gains International Recognition- By Laraine Olanna

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1991: Reggio Emilia Approach Gains International Recognition- By Laraine Olanna

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The Reggio Emilia approach focuses on wondering with the children about what they feel, think, and experience. There is 3-5 beliefs that children have 100 languages. This approach is very art-based, play and unconstructed playtime. Parents are the first teachers. Children set the tone, and there is lots of movement.

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2000 -Present: Contemporary Indigenous Learning Theories

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2000 -Present: Contemporary Indigenous Learning Theories

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Amara Ransom

The No Child Left Behind Act focuses on equality for every child. Over time, NCLB prescriptie requirements became unworkable. It shines light on where students are making progress. The No Child Left Behind Act supports every child, regardless of their race, income, or disability. This law was lost and then revised in 2007.

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2015-Present ESSA (Every Student Succeed Act)

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2015-Present ESSA (Every Student Succeed Act)

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Raegan Hillestad

The Every Child Succeeds Act was signed into law by President Barack Obama. It ensured information was provided for educators, families, and communities. There was a previous law called the No Child Left Behind Act that was replaced and updated with this new signing in 2015. ESSA essentially reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. The importance of the Act was to make sure that all children could receive fair and equitable high-quality education.

ESSA. (2015). Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). https://www.everystudentsucceedsact.org/

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2020-Present: COVID-19 Impact and Digital Learning - Ashlyn Ganey

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2020-Present: COVID-19 Impact and Digital Learning - Ashlyn Ganey

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COVID-19 affected children's learning because it brought new challenges that a lot of people hadn't ever had to deal with. It brought new experiences and troubles to not only learning, but teaching. Everybody had to adapt to a new way of doing school.

Two polls were taken in the research on digital learning awareness and perception based off of before and after COVID-19. The was a poll based off of gender. The majority voted that they had an increase of awareness of online learning because of COVID-19. In another poll, the females said learning was easier, while the males said it was more challenging. The overall majority said that digital learning improved flexibility in time and space, but it was time consuming, slow paced, had unfamiliar learning methods, and a some lacked motivation.

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2020s: Focus on Equity and Anti-Bias Education

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2020s: Focus on Equity and Anti-Bias Education