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The dorsal refers to the back of the body.

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The ventral refers to the front of the body

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Superior means above or toward the head

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Directional Anatomy Terms: An Overview | Albert Blog & Resources

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Explore directional anatomy terms in our latest post! Dive in to learn about the axis and planes of the body, proximal vs. distal, and more!

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Inferior means below or away from the head.

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Medial means closer to the midline of the body

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Lateral means farther from the midline of the body.

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Distal means farther from the point of attachment of a limb.

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Proximal means closer to the point of attachment.

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Prone describes a person lying face down.

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Supine describes a person lying face up.

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Anatomical Position is the standard reference posture for describing all other anatomical terms: body upright, feet flat, and palms facing forward.

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Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts.

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Divides the body into equal left and right halves.

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Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts.

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Flexion is bending movement that decreases the angle between bones.

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Extension is the movement of a joint that increases the angle between two body parts.

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Pronation is the rotation of the forearm so the palm faces backward or downward.

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Supination is the rotation that faces the palm forward or upward.

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Elevation is moving a body part upward.

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Depression is the opposite movement, moving a body part downward.

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Internal Rotation is the rotation of a limb toward the midline.

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External rotation is the rotation away from the midline.

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Plantar Flexion is bending the foot downward (pointing the toes).

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Dorsiflexion is bending the foot upward toward the shin.

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Circumduction is a circular, cone-shaped movement of a limb that combines several movements.

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Opposite/like terms are beside each other!

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Opposite/like terms are beside each other!