# data[].attributes.location_name
Presidio Terrace, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Red - Historical/once historical

Pink - Building in current use

Blue - Current and future projects

Yellow - Misc/Land Marks

Purple - Housing

# data[].attributes.location_name
QGXW+V4 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
YMCA

# data[].attributes.location_name
2 Funston Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Old Hospital that is currently under renovation to become a new school.

# data[].attributes.body
Project center for the Bay School of San Francisco that is used for primarily design classes.

# data[].attributes.location_name
RG2V+8P Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.location_name
768 Portola St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
This is a turf sports complex consisting of 1 baseball field, 1 soccer field, and 1 soft ball field. These fields are used for both practice and games by University Highschool and The Bay School of San Francisco. Field E is the Smaller field west of the parking lot.

# data[].attributes.location_name
QGRR+RJ Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Inspiration Point is a beautiful point in the Presidio to visit for an amazing view.

# data[].attributes.location_name
210 Lincoln Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
210 Lincoln Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
210 Lincoln Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Senior Lot

# data[].attributes.location_name
205 Lincoln Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
205 Lincoln Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
205 Lincoln Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Food Trucks

# data[].attributes.location_name
215 Graham St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
215 Graham St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
215 Graham St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Transit Center

# data[].attributes.location_name
653 Mason St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
OUTDOORS TOGETHER

Here at Sports Basement, our efforts towards achieving true diversity and inclusion won't end when the headlines change - it's something we will keep pushing towards every single day. We are working tirelessly to continually improve our internal processes, our public-facing programs and offerings, and our impact on the outdoor industry in general. Click below to read about some of the changes & plans that we’ve put in place already, from our Resource Grant to our work to increase Diversity and Inclusion in our internal hiring and promotion practices.

# data[].attributes.location_name
42 Moraga Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
42 Moraga Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
42 Moraga Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Presidio Inn.

Link to more in depth history: https://www.historichotels.org/us/hotels-resorts/inn-at-the-presidio/history.php

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VIEW TIMELINE

Launch Video

History of the Presidio (Part 1)

Discover some 400 years of history that surrounds The Lodge at the Presidio. A former military barracks, it was once part the most important U.S. Army base in the western United States. See Part 2 and Part 3 here.

A U.S. National Landmark, the Inn at the Presidio is part of a much larger historical complex known as the "Presidio of San Francisco." By the late 19th century, the Presidio of San Francisco had emerged as a very strategic military base in the western United States. Due to the federal government's increased national interest with the Pacific, the Presidio became a critically important defense installation guarding the maritime approaches into San Francisco Bay. It also evolved into an important staging ground for troops destined to head overseas, starting with the Filipino theater in the Spanish American War. To address the rising importance of the Presidio, the War Department instructed its commanding officer at the time-Brigadier General Nelson A. Miles-to expand its facilities exponentially. Miles started the process by developing an intricate road system throughout the complex, followed by new ring of enclosed concreate fortifications facing the bay. A new series of brick barracks then appeared that were meant to house the rising number of soldiers stationed at the base. Known as the "Montgomery Street Barracks," those buildings would form the basis for the Presidio's "Main Post." The Letterman Army Hospital opened around the same time, too, which quickly became the biggest medical facility that the U.S. Army would operate in the 20th century. There was even a special railroad line that ferried servicemen and women straight to downtown San Francisco. Thus, the Presidio of San Francisco was one of the five largest military bases in the whole country at the end of the 1890s.

Construction work continued well into the first two decades of the following century. Among the most prominent structures developed at the time included the massive artillery post known as "Fort Winfield Scott," which debuted in 1912. Like many other buildings raised at the Presidio in the early 1900s, Fort Winfield Scott displayed the design principles of Colonial Revival-style architecture. This was a markedly different approach from previous construction projects that sought to replicate the base's Spanish heritage. Yet, one much smaller building appeared nearly ten years earlier that acted as the prototype of the base's use of Colonial Revival architecture. In 1903, military engineers led by architect James Campbell started building a new dormitory-like living space for unmarried army officers within the Main Post. Taking several months and some $45,000 dollars to complete, the building embraced the neoclassical elements that defined Colonial Revival aesthetics. The new building was meant to replace another wood-frame structure called "The Corral," which had burnt down four years prior. As such, the Colonial Revival-style architecture used to create the barracks served as the example that many more buildings would follow at the Presidio. This new structure went unnamed for some time, though, until General John J. Pershing assumed command over the installation in 1913. Pershing would rise to become one the nation's greatest heroes, defeating the Mexican bandit Pancho Villa and leading the American Expeditionary Force in World War I. The building was subsequently named "Pershing Hall" in his honor.

The Presidio of San Francisco continued to act as the central base for the U.S. Army on the West Coast for the rest of the 20th century. The Army specifically continued to rely on the Presidio to funnel countless soldiers to many areas scattered across the Pacific in World War II, the Korean War, and Vietnam. It even briefly served as the headquarters for both the Fourth and Sixth U.S. Armies, which presided over the entire national defense apparatus of the western United States at various points in time. But with the end of the Cold War in the late 1980s, Congress decided to close the Presidio along with many other military installations. The Presidio of San Francisco formally ceased operating in 1994 and was turned over the National Park Service (NPS). To help the organization run the massive facility as a park, Congress created a non-profit called the "Presidio Trust." The entity assumed control of nearly 80% of the Presidio, with just the coastline under the direct purview of the NPS. It subsequently began renovating most of the structures inside the Presidio and even leased a few of the spaces to private groups. The hope was that the new tenants would provide a much-needed source of income that would help preserve the Presidio. Over time, tourists from around the world fell in love with the site and traveled to it in the thousands. To accommodate the influx, the Presidio Trust decided to open a luxurious vacation retreat on the grounds. In 2011, it began transforming Pershing Hall into a wonderful boutique hotel named the "Inn at the Presidio." The business then debuted to great acclaim roughly a year later. Now a member of Historic Hotels of America, this fantastic destination is among the most exciting places to visit in San Francisco today.

About the Architecture

In 1903, architect James Campbell constructed Pershing Hall as a dormitory-like living space for unmarried army officers. It cost the military some $45,000 to complete and mainly followed the conventional blueprints endorsed by the Office of the Quartermaster General. Those plans embraced a cruciform layout that featured a cross-axial rectangle bisected by a pavilion. It also called for the building to stand three stories tall and roughly measure 34 feet by 142 feet. The building's main rectangular structure contained decorative elements that included a classical cornice detailed with several prominent modillions and dentils. Thick, red brick walls constituted the primary building material, but a combination of brick and ashlar created as the foundation. Campbell and his team also installed a sandstone belt course between the second and third stories, which made the final floor appear as if it resembled a separate attic. A hipped roof also topped Pershing Hall, while a transverse gable roof sat above the pavilion. Mounted with asphalt shingles, the main hipped roof was home to seven chimneys. Furthermore, according to the U.S. Department of the Interior:

"The front elevation has a projecting entrance pavilion and two-level verandas to either side with wooden Tuscan columns and molded handrails with turned balusters. The bottom story of the central pavilion is open, forming an entrance porch of brick piers topped by flat stone capitals with curved silhouettes suggesting a simplified section of classical molding."

The pavilion itself acted as the front entrance to Pershing Hall and anchored the entire design. Its most iconic structural element was the large third-story window that sat in the center, surmounted by a semi-circular fanlight. This beautiful fanlight specifically resided in the middle of the pavilion's pedimented gable end. Campbell used carved rock to construct both the keystone voussoirs and that defined the pavilion. Three additional entrances scattered throughout the façade possessed doors with wood paneling and transoms. The architectural team also included stone-jacked arches to surround the first and second story windows, while those located on the third story rested just below the cornice. Each and every window had stone lug sills and double-hung sash.

Like most of the buildings erected at the Presidio in the early 20th century, Pershing Hall featured a brilliant blend of Colonial Revival architecture. In fact, the structure's appearance served as the prototype for many future facilities built throughout the base. Also known as "Georgian Revival," Colonial Revival architecture today is perhaps the most widely used building form in the entire United States. It reached its zenith at the height of the Gilded Age, where countless Americans turned to the aesthetic to celebrate what they feared was America's disappearing past. The movement came about in the aftermath of the Centennial International Exhibition of 1876, in which people from across the country traveled to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to commemorate the American Revolution. Many of the exhibitors chose to display cultural representations of 18th-century America, encouraging millions of people across the country to preserve the nation's history. Architects were among those inspired, who looked to revitalize the design principles of colonial English and Dutch homes. This gradually gave way to a larger embrace of Georgian and Federal-style architecture, which focused exclusively on the country's formative years. As such, structures built in the style of Colonial Revival architecture featured such components as pilasters, brickwork, and modest, double-hung windows. Symmetrical designs defined Colonial Revival-style façades, anchored by a central, pedimented front door and simplistic portico. Gable roofs typically topped the buildings, although hipped and gambrel forms were used, as well. This building form remained immensely popular for years until largely petering out in late-20th century. Nevertheless, architects today still rely upon Colonial Revival architecture, using the form to construct all kinds of residential buildings and commercial complexes.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Inn at the Presidio is an California heritage site in San Francisco preserving the area as a wildlife and historic resource.

# data[].attributes.location_name
130 Fisher Loop, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
This Chapel is now used primarily for weddings and services.

# data[].attributes.location_name
QGXR+2C Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Museum open on Saturdays containing a lot of Presidio History

One of San Francisco’s oldest buildings, the modern-day Officers’ Club was part of the original Spanish Presidio constructed in the late eighteenth century. Adobe walls dating to the 1790’s were incorporated into the front wings of the building when it was first rebuilt by the army around 1847. The structure was used from the beginning of the American military’s occupation of the Presidio; early additions also included a wooden pavilion-like assembly room (the Moraga room today) completed in 1885. During the 1930’s, funding from the Works Progress Administration led to the remodeling of the building to include Mission Revival style elements. In the process, substantial remnants of the historic adobe walls were enclosed in lath and plaster and still compose much of the front portion of the building.

https://www.nps.gov/prsf/learn/historyculture/officers-club.htm#:~:text=One%20of%20San%20Francisco's%20oldest,by%20the%20army%20around%201847.

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The Mission Revival style tower was added to the Officers' Club in the early 1970s.

Today's Officers' Club contains many styles, building materials, and historical epochs. The building boasts a complex mixture of adobe, concrete, wood-frame, and steel frame components. More recent renovations continue the use of rustic Spanish-tile gable roofs, heavy rough timber lintels and beams, and decorative iron work that characterize early Spanish colonial architecture. The result is one of the Presidio's most historic and aesthetically pleasing buildings.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Officers' Club - Presidio of San Francisco (U.S. National Park Service)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Today's Officers' Club contains many styles, building materials, and historical epochs. The building boasts a complex mixture of adobe, concrete, wood-frame, and steel frame components. More recent renovations continue the use of rustic Spanish-tile gable roofs, heavy rough timber lintels and beams, and decorative iron work that characterize early Spanish colonial architecture.

# data[].attributes.location_name
56 Presidio Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
56 Presidio Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
56 Presidio Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Neighborhood Homes

# data[].attributes.location_name
36 Lincoln Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
A building used by the Bay School of San Francisco for humanities classes, college counseling, admissions, and academic advising

# data[].attributes.location_name
RG2V+F9 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Padlet Headquarters

# data[].attributes.location_name
5 Funston Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
5 Funston Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
5 Funston Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Rentable buildings for offices and some preschools.

# data[].attributes.location_name
RG3J+QJ Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Planet Granet

# data[].attributes.location_name
421 Washington Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Cemetery Overlook. Beautiful place to visit during sun rise and sunset as a view of the bridge and to honor soldiers who lost their lives for our country.

# data[].attributes.location_name
93 Moraga Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
A beautiful 12 lane bowling center featuring an outstanding bar and grill located in the heart of the Presidio National Park. Come by yourself or bring 200 of your friends and have a party.

Presidio Bowl features 12 lanes of bowling with Qubica automatic scoring, bumpers for children on all of our lanes (kids 8 years and younger only please).

We offer a full menu in our grill and over 45 different beers, ciders, seltzers and 19 different wines in our bar.

We can host any kind of event you can imagine. Kid’s parties, corporate outings, anniversaries, wedding rehearsal parties, or just an evening out.

Excerpt From Presidio Bowl Website: https://www.presidiobowl.com/

# data[].attributes.location_name
387 Moraga Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Cow Hollow School.

This a local pre-school that used to be located in the building behind the YMCA. They have recently moved in order to have more students and you may see them sometimes walking around the preschool.

# data[].attributes.location_name
12 Mesa St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
San Francisco Film Center. This area is used by Bay School students for the Shakespear Immersive.

# data[].attributes.location_name
RG2V+5C Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
RG2V+5C Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
RG2V+5C Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
The Green Space: This is a collection of benches and a yard that is used by dog owners and the Bay School for community oriented events.

# data[].attributes.location_name
1152 Gorgas Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
1152 Gorgas Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
1152 Gorgas Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
The Letterman Gym: This is a gym in the Presidio used as the home court for many Bay School Sports such as Basket Ball and Volley Ball.

# data[].attributes.location_name
1 Letterman Dr Building C, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
1 Letterman Dr Building C, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
1 Letterman Dr Building C, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Starbucks:

# data[].attributes.location_name
65 Funston Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
65 Funston Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
65 Funston Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Old Location for the Cow Hollow Preschool. However they no longer use the facility because they moved.

# data[].attributes.body
This building is on the water and is used for analyzing tides and currents in the Bay.

https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/stationhome.html?id=9414290&units=metric

# data[].attributes.location_name
RG5J+P2 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
RG5J+P2 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
RG5J+P2 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
The Crissy Field Pier is used by many for both its views of the bay and Golden Gate Bridge and Fishing. It is usually crowed with tourists and local fisherman.

# data[].attributes.location_name
RG6F+68 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Fort Point has stood guard at the narrows of the Golden Gate for over 150 years.

The Fort has been called "the pride of the Pacific," "the Gibraltar of the West Coast," and "one of the most perfect models of masonry in America." When construction began during the height of the California Gold Rush, Fort Point was planned as the most formidable deterrence America could offer to a naval attack on California. Although its guns never fired a shot in anger, the "Fort at Fort Point" as it was originally named has witnessed Civil War, obsolescence, earthquake, bridge construction, reuse for World War II, and preservation as a National Historic Site.

Active during the Civil War

Fort Point was built between 1853 and 1861 by the U.S. Army Engineers as part of a defense system of forts planned for the protection of San Francisco Bay. Designed at the height of the Gold Rush, the Fort and its companion fortifications would protect the Bay's important commercial and military installations against foreign attack. The Fort was built in the Army's traditional "Third System" style of military architecture (a standard adopted in the 1820s), and would be the only fortification of this impressive design constructed west of the Mississippi River. This fact bears testimony to the importance the military gave San Francisco and the gold fields during the 1850s.

Although Fort Point never saw battle, the fort was brought to completion, armed, and garrisoned through the Civil War. It was ever ready to protect against a Confederate attack from sea that never came. The building has tremendous significance due to its military history, architecture, and association with maritime history. To learn more about Fort Point before, during and after the Civil War, please visit Fort Point, 1846-1876.

Army's use of Fort Point during the 20th Century

In the years after the Civil War, Fort Point became underutilized and was used intermittently as an army barracks. The pre-Civil War cannons, so valuable when they were originally installed, became obsolete and were eventually removed. During World War I, the Army remodeled Fort Point for use as a detention barracks, though the building was never ultimately used for that purpose. During the 1920s, the property was used by the Presidio for housing unmarried officers and different military trade schools. During World War II, Fort Point was once again used for military purposes. Soldiers stationed at Fort Point dutifully guarded the entrance of the Golden Gate from submarine attack.

The Golden Gate Bridge and Preservation Plans

In the late 1930s, plans for the construction of the Golden Gate Bridge also involved plans for the demolition of Fort Point. Fortunately, Chief Engineer Joseph Strauss recognized the architectural value of the Fort and created a special arch which allowed the construction of the bridge to occur safely over Fort Point. After World War II, the movement to preserve Fort Point for its historic and architectural value began to grow. Over the next 20 years, support for the preservation movement waxed and waned. In 1959, a group of retired military officers and civilian engineers created the Fort Point Museum Association and lobbied for its creation as a National Historic Site. On October 16, 1970, Fort Point became a National Historic Site.

Taken From Presidio Website: https://www.nps.gov/fopo/learn/historyculture/index.htm

# data[].attributes.location_name
12 25th Ave, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
12 25th Ave, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
12 25th Ave, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Baker Beach Entrance

# data[].attributes.location_name
California Coastal Trl, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Baker Beach. Visit during the winter for massive swell and good body surfing(if you are daring enough).

# data[].attributes.location_name
QGR8+98 Parking lot, Gibson Rd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
QGR8+98 Parking lot, Gibson Rd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
QGR8+98 Parking lot, Gibson Rd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Baker Beach Parking Lot

# data[].attributes.location_name
QGV8+5M Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
QGV8+5M Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
QGV8+5M Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Baker Beach Parking lot.

# data[].attributes.location_name
Ecology Trail, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
Ecology Trail, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
Ecology Trail, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Ecology Trail. A Beautiful trail that ends near Inspiration Point or Moscone.

# data[].attributes.location_name
856 MacArthur Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
856 MacArthur Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
856 MacArthur Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Neighbor hood is being moved to next to portola garages.

# data[].attributes.location_name
763-762 Rodriguez St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Morton Field is ontop of a hollow and will be moved to where Quary Rd currently is.

# data[].attributes.body
Shell mound of the Ahlone people.

# data[].attributes.location_name
Sports Basement Parking Lot, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
Sports Basement Parking Lot, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
Sports Basement Parking Lot, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Sports Basement Parking Lot. This lot is currently for sports basements but there are future plans to move it to the west and north sides of Sports basements so the outpost of the tunnel tops can be expanded.

# data[].attributes.location_name
RG2Q+WR Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
RG2Q+WR Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
RG2Q+WR Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Second shell pile of the Ahlone people. The is where the water used to come up to but was filled in for a runway when the military took over the presidio.

# data[].attributes.location_name
QGXV+R3 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
Future Project for Historical Immersion 

# data[].attributes.subject
Future Project for Historical Immersion 

# data[].attributes.body
Currently a field but there are future plans to turn it into a immersive historical experience about when the spanish were in the presidio. They are still working on funding for this project.

# data[].attributes.location_name
1207 Ralston Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Old Army Barracks from when the US Military control the Presidio. They want to eventually restore these building however currently they aren't trying to change any of it. This is because of 3 things.

1. This project would cost an extremely large amount of money

2. The layout of the buildings are hard to work with

1. they are made up of many long hall ways that can only really be used for barracks

2. They don't have water a good source of water or electricity and connecting every building is a lot of difficult work

3. The cost: The presidio still needs to work on projects that will bring in a lot of revenue and want to be able to work on this freely without needing to do it for money.

# data[].attributes.body
New Buildings made to look old. Still in construction and don't currently have plans for the place.

# data[].attributes.location_name
1511 Pershing Dr, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
1511 Pershing Dr, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
1511 Pershing Dr, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Baker Beach Appartments. Currently used as some of the only 1-2 bed room housing. They working to make these homes more sustainable through the use of solar power.

# data[].attributes.location_name
QGWQ+G2 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
QGWQ+G2 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
QGWQ+G2 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Infantry Terrace Tenis Courts. This complex is comprised of 2 tenis courts sitting at the bottom of a valley. It is surrounded by houses on 2 sides and is used for Bay's Tenis Practices.

# data[].attributes.location_name
QGQQ+WX Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
QGQQ+WX Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
QGQQ+WX Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Presidio Golf Course Putting Greens. Free to the Public

# data[].attributes.location_name
QGQQ+P6 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
QGQQ+P6 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
QGQQ+P6 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Presidio Golf Course Driving Range. To get balls walk to the pro shop and purchase a ticket.

# data[].attributes.location_name
300 Finley Rd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.headline
300 Finley Rd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.subject
300 Finley Rd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Presidio Golf Pro Shop

# data[].attributes.body
Iron Wood Cafe. This is a restaurant located inside of the Presidio Golf Course Main building. (They have the best breakfast burrito in the city.)

# data[].attributes.location_name
104 Montgomery St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
The Walt Disney Family Museum is a museum located in San Francisco, California, dedicated to preserving and celebrating the life and legacy of Walt Disney. Here is a brief summary of the Walt Disney Family Museum:

Mission:

The museum's mission is to illuminate the remarkable story of Walt Disney, a pioneer in the entertainment industry, and to inspire visitors with his creativity, innovation, and perseverance.

Exhibits:

The museum features a wide range of exhibits that chronicle Walt Disney's life, from his early days as an animator and entrepreneur to the creation of iconic characters such as Mickey Mouse and the establishment of Disneyland. Exhibits include original artwork, personal artifacts, and interactive displays.

Chronological Journey:

Visitors can follow a chronological journey through Walt Disney's life, exploring his successes, challenges, and the evolution of his creative endeavors. The exhibits cover his contributions to animation, film, theme parks, and more.

Multimedia Presentations:

The museum incorporates multimedia presentations, including audio recordings, films, and interactive displays, to provide a comprehensive and engaging experience. These elements help bring Walt Disney's story to life for visitors of all ages.

Legacy and Impact:

The museum emphasizes Walt Disney's impact on the entertainment industry and his enduring legacy. It explores the continued influence of Disney's creations and innovations on popular culture worldwide.

Location and Design:

Situated in a historic building in the Presidio of San Francisco, the museum itself is a blend of modern design and historical architecture. It provides a scenic and educational setting for visitors to explore the life and contributions of Walt Disney.

Overall, the Walt Disney Family Museum serves as a tribute to one of the most influential figures in entertainment history, offering an insightful and immersive experience for those interested in the magic and creativity behind the Disney legacy.

# data[].attributes.location_name
752a Rodriguez St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Location where new Housing will be moved.

# data[].attributes.location_name
1076 Gorgas Ave, San Francisco, CA 94123, USA

# data[].attributes.body
Physical Therapy Available to Bay Students

These are some of the things that it might include.

A physical therapy place, often referred to as a physical therapy clinic or center, is a healthcare facility where licensed physical therapists provide rehabilitation services to individuals with various musculoskeletal and movement-related conditions. The primary goal of a physical therapy place is to help patients regain or enhance their physical function, improve mobility, and manage pain through therapeutic interventions.

Here are key aspects commonly associated with a physical therapy place:

1. Professional Staff:

Physical Therapists (PTs): Licensed healthcare professionals with specialized training in assessing and treating musculoskeletal and movement disorders. PTs develop personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient's needs.

Physical Therapy Assistants (PTAs): Support PTs in implementing treatment plans and guiding patients through exercises and therapeutic activities.

2. Assessment and Evaluation:

PTs conduct comprehensive assessments to evaluate a patient's strength, flexibility, balance, posture, and overall movement patterns.

They consider the patient's medical history and any specific injuries or conditions that may affect their physical function.

3. Treatment Modalities:

Exercise Therapy: Prescribed therapeutic exercises to improve strength, flexibility, and endurance.

Manual Therapy: Hands-on techniques such as massage, joint mobilization, and manipulation to improve joint mobility and reduce pain.

Modalities: Use of various physical agents like heat, cold, ultrasound, and electrical stimulation to aid in pain management and tissue healing.

4. Patient Education:

PTs educate patients about their condition, the importance of exercises, and strategies for preventing future injuries.

They may provide guidance on ergonomics, posture, and home exercises to reinforce progress made during therapy.

5. Rehabilitation Focus:

Post-Surgery Rehabilitation: Physical therapy is often crucial in the recovery process after orthopedic surgeries, helping patients regain strength and function.

Injury Rehabilitation: Treatment for sports injuries, workplace injuries, or accidents to facilitate a safe and effective recovery.

6. Collaboration with Other Healthcare Professionals:

Physical therapists may collaborate with physicians, orthopedic surgeons, and other healthcare providers to ensure a comprehensive approach to patient care.

7. Facility Setup:

The physical therapy place typically includes treatment rooms, exercise areas, and equipment suited for various rehabilitation exercises.

8. Progress Monitoring:

Regular assessments and adjustments to treatment plans are made to track progress and optimize outcomes.

9. Insurance Coverage:

Many physical therapy services are covered by health insurance plans, but coverage may vary. The physical therapy place often works with insurance providers to facilitate billing and reimbursement.

Overall, physical therapy places play a crucial role in helping individuals recover from injuries, surgeries, or chronic conditions, promoting overall physical well-being and improving the quality of life.

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QGWV+XV Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

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1201 Ralston Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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World Economic Forum, Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution

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World Economic Forum, Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution

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World Economic Forum, Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution

The World Economic Forum (WEF) Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution is an initiative by the World Economic Forum that aims to address the challenges and opportunities posed by emerging technologies associated with the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). The Fourth Industrial Revolution is characterized by the integration of digital, physical, and biological technologies, leading to transformative changes in various aspects of society.

Key points about the World Economic Forum Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution:

1. Purpose:

The Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution serves as a hub for global collaboration between governments, businesses, academia, and civil society to navigate the impact of emerging technologies.

2. Location:

The WEF Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution has multiple locations around the world. Each center is established in collaboration with a host country or region.

3. Areas of Focus:

The center focuses on several key areas, including artificial intelligence, blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), data policy, autonomous vehicles, precision medicine, and other emerging technologies.

4. Multistakeholder Collaboration:

One of the key principles is to facilitate public-private cooperation and collaboration between different stakeholders to ensure that the development and deployment of technologies align with societal values and global priorities.

5. Policy Development:

The center works on developing and piloting policy frameworks and governance protocols that can guide the ethical and responsible adoption of new technologies.

6. Projects and Initiatives:

The center engages in various projects and initiatives, often in collaboration with governments, industry leaders, and experts. These projects aim to address challenges and leverage opportunities associated with emerging technologies.

7. Global Impact:

The WEF Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution seeks to have a global impact by fostering dialogue, shaping policies, and creating a shared understanding of the implications of technological advancements.

8. Annual Meeting:

The work of the Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution is often highlighted and discussed at the World Economic Forum's Annual Meeting in Davos, Switzerland, where global leaders convene to discuss pressing issues.

It's important to note that the information provided here is based on my knowledge as of January 2022, and there may have been further developments or changes since then. For the latest and most accurate information, it is recommended to check the official World Economic Forum website or other official sources.

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1398 Battery Dynamite Rd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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Over the objection of the army, Congress appropriated $400,000 for the purchase of "pneumatic dynamite guns" in 1888. In non-technical terms, these were guns that fired charges of dynamite by means of compressed air. Subsequently, the army set up two experimental dynamite batteries of three guns each, one at Sandy Hook, New Jersey, and the other at Fort Scott.

The guns at "Battery Dynamite" could fire a variety of charges--from a 50 pound dynamite shell for up to 5000 yards (2.8 miles) to a 500 pound shell for up to 2000 yards (1.1 miles). Test-firings were conducted in December 1895; however, the army never adopted the weapons because of advances in conventional artillery. Consequentially, the dynamite guns were declared obsolete and scrapped by 1901.

The battery complex underwent was put to a variety of uses after its disarmament. The power plant built for the air compressors that propelled the projectiles was used to supply power to Fort Scott. During World Wars I and II, the complex served as the harbor defense command post and was used by Army Engineers for communications and storage until the army garrison was deactivated in 1994

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RG2V+4V Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

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Cannon Outside of the Project Center. Doveloped by the French and used in WW1 for counter battery firing purposes the "Grande Puissance Filloux" fired a 95 pound projectile a maximum range of 17,700 Yards(Approximately 10 miles). This gun was extensively used by the Coast Artillery during WW2.

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211 Lincoln Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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Interactive map of the Tunnel Tops: https://presidio.gov/explore/park-attractions/presidio-tunnel-tops-interactive-map

Presidio Tunnel Tops is the front door to the Presidio — where national park adventures begin!

Made by the community, for the community, it offers unforgettable Golden Gate Bridge views, the Presidio Visitor Center, the Outpost playground and Field Station curiosity lab, trails and public lawns, Presidio Pop Up food celebrating diverse cultures, and some of the best places to picnic in the Presidio.

It’s built on and around the Presidio Parkway tunnels (hence Tunnel Tops!), making it easy and fun to walk from the center of the Presidio to the park’s beautiful waterfront at Crissy Field.

Presidio Tunnel Tops is free to all and open every day. It’s one of the very best things to do in San Francisco with family and friends.

Excerpt from Presidio Trust Website : https://presidio.gov/explore/attractions/presidio-tunnel-tops

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San Francisco Bay Trail, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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A hotspot for gatherings, find picnic tables, barbeque grills, grassy areas for kids to play, and bridge and bay views at this picnic area.

Tables here are first come, first served, so plan to arrive early on weekends and holidays. Grills come with each set of tables, and restrooms are nearby.

In every direction, you’ll find an amazing view, from the Golden Gate Bridge, to Alcatraz, to the San Francisco skyline. And West Bluff is an ideal base camp for a day at Crissy Field, just a short walk from Crissy Field beach and other popular Presidio destinations.

Excerpt from Presidio Trust Website: https://presidio.gov/explore/attractions/crissy-field-west-bluff-picnic-area

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A hotspot for gatherings, find picnic tables, barbeque grills, grassy areas for kids to play, and bridge and bay views at this picnic area.

Tables here are first come, first served, so plan to arrive early on weekends and holidays. Grills come with each set of tables, and restrooms are nearby.

In every direction, you'll find an amazing view, from the Golden Gate Bridge, to Alcatraz, to the San Francisco skyline. And West Bluff is an ideal base camp for a day at Crissy Field, just a short walk from Crissy Field beach and other popular Presidio destinations.

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Crissy Field West Bluff Picnic Area | Picnic at the Presidio | The Presidio (San Francisco)

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Crissy Field West Bluff Picnic Area is picnic site in San Francisco at the Presidio with barbeque grills, Golden Gate Bridge views, and convenient Crissy Field parking.

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1236 Ramsel Ct, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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Neighbor Hood on Hoffman St consisting of old military housing that is now rented out.

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220 French Ct, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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375-377 Thomas Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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Because of many past years of constant power outages and close calls with falling trees the Presidio Trust has decided to to take action to both restore the forest to native plants and remove trees that could possibly be at risk of falling. They are at risk because the area was originally sand so trees have a harder time binding to the ground and staying stable. Also this forest and many like it in the Presidio are made of Eucalyptus which are invasive and were planted by the Army for Wood. They soon learned that unfortunately the wood wasn't good for building and their weak root systems caused them to fall easily.

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Building C, 1 Letterman Dr, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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Established in 1898, Letterman General Hospital was the U.S. Army's oldest named general hospital. First constructed to care for sick and wounded soldiers during the Spanish American War, it later became the largest Army hospital in the country. A new hospital building was constructed in the 1960s. It is now used as a film center and office buildings.

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Montgomery St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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The historical heart of the Presidio, the Main Post marks the site of the original Spanish presidio established in 1776. This site served as a Spanish military base for 45 years, was under Mexican control for 25 years and, starting in 1846, was an important U.S. Army post for over 140 years.

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99 Sheridan Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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The Presidio Theater was built by the Works Progress Administration (WPA) in the Spanish colonial architectural style. The theatre was an entertainment hub for the military and their families for nearly six decades, screening movies and hosting live events and radio broadcasts. It has seen then been renovated and reopened putting on plays and shows.

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RG2R+G2 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

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Located in the building at 122 Riley Avenue, the Diane Disney Miller Exhibition Hall has housed all of the museum’s rotating, major exhibitions since November 2012. It was dedicated and renamed in March 2014 in memory of the museum’s founder and Walt Disney’s daughter, Diane Disney Miller.

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Fisher Loop, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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Built in 1949, the Golden Gate Club was the enlisted men’s service club and the site of historic treaty signings. Located in the Main Post Region, today it is one of the Presidio’s most popular celebration and corporate conference venues. If you’re looking for wedding venues with accommodation, the Main Post is also home to historic hotels and extensive on-site dining and wedding catering options.

Floor-to-ceiling windows give guests stunning Golden Gate Bridge views. The vista from this historic wedding venue and corporate event venue also includes San Francisco Bay, Alcatraz Island, and the Presidio forest.

The Golden Gate Club’s original Mission architecture and stunning landscape provide the perfect setting for creating new memories. It offers several event rooms of various sizes, along with a courtyard and balcony that functions as an outdoor event venue. These spaces can be arranged to suit any occasion.

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414-418 Washington Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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East Washington Neighborhood. Rentable buildings.

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1321 Hitchcock St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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The Fort Scott organic community garden is one of the truly hidden gems of the Presidio. There are no signs, and finding it required that I stop and ask not one, but two park workers.

It is worth the effort.

The community garden, the first of many such gardens being opened across the Presidio - and reserved for residents of the park - is open to the public for visits and picnics.

Located down a dirt road, the garden has more than 35 plots and is home to an array of birds (including an abundance of hummingbirds) and wildlife, notably the gray fox, coyote, striped skunk and raccoon. The garden is overflowing with vibrant flowers, hearty stalks of corn and artichokes, kale, strawberry plants and delicate winding sugar snap pea vines. There is a large compost pile, and several picnic benches and tables (including a pint-sized table for kids). There is also an adjacent playground.

The community garden at Fort Scott began to take shape in 1997, when landscape architects for the National Park Service used aerial photos to find areas that had been used as gardens by Army families. Over the years, volunteers uncovered the basalt rock walls that are in place today. The garden was officially opened in 1998.

On my recent visit, I had the garden all to myself. I marveled at the lushness of what was planted, and relished being in the midst of nature in the heart of San Francisco. It was a perfect place to sit and read, and will be a great place to return to for family picnics.

Taken from SF Gate Article: https://www.sfgate.com/homeandgarden/article/fort-scott-community-garden-in-s-f-presidio-2335424.php

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1216 Ralston Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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924 Mason St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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In 1921, the U.S. Army established the Crissy Field Air Service Coast Defense Station the only military airfield on the west coast specifically built as a coast defense air station. The Crissy Field pilots of the 91st Observation Squadron provided assistance to the on-the-ground Coast Artillery soldiers by flying overhead, spotting and ensuring the batteries’ fire and target practice. The army constructed several airplane hangars, large buildings that offered protected storage space for the planes as well as an assembly area for airplane maintenance. Even though the army chose Crissy Field for its excellent strategic location, the site posed many flying challenges: the notorious San Francisco wind and fog made take-off and landings treacherous and the landing field itself, unsurfaced until the late 1930s, was flooded and muddy during the winter rains and dusty in the summer.

Taken From Presidio Website: https://www.nps.gov/prsf/learn/historyculture/crissy-field-historic-airplane-hangars.htm#:~:text=The%20army%20constructed%20hangar%20buildings,16%20planes%20at%20a%20time.

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RG4F+C8 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

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Battery Crosby, Fort Scott, The Presidio, San Francisco

1900-1943

Built to protect underwater minefields laid outside the Golden Gate, Battery Crosby was completed and armed in 1900. Armed with two 6-inch guns mounted on disappearing carriages, the battery’s artillery had a range of eight miles and could fire at the rate of two rounds per minute. In 1943, as the emphasis on the air defense increased and the threat from Japanese submarines subsided, the War Department closed the battery and its guns were scrapped.

Taken From: https://www.terrain.org/2014/nonfiction/guarding-the-gate/#:~:text=1900%2D1943,of%20two%20rounds%20per%20minute.

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It is exhilarating to stand on Lime Point in the Marin Headlands or atop the serpentine cliffs of the Presidio and feel the energy and expansive significance of the scene. Several years ago, as a photographer, I became drawn to the sites of the old coastal defense batteries protecting the entrance to San Francisco Bay. The beauty and natural dynamism of these sites give an immediate charge.

Because of the strategic value of San Francisco Bay, the U.S. military made great efforts to secure coastal lands surrounding the Golden Gate. This work began directly after the Gold Rush and continued into the late 1970s. For 25 miles on each side of the entrance to the Bay, on the most visually and tactically commanding headlands, the military placed big guns, mine casemates, and eventually missiles with nuclear warheads. They were housed on and within solidly engineered forms that remain today.

The story and widening pattern of these coastal defense batteries reflect the political, economic, technological, and psychological realities of the emerging American empire. Beginning around 1883, as the U.S. shifted from defensive to offensive player on the world stage, a new round of homeland defense came to the Pacific Coast in the form of large guns placed at further and further distances north and south of the Golden Gate-guns scaled to match those on enemy battleships. The new defensive batteries were meant to free up the U.S. battleships (many made in the Bay Area shipyards) to roam the Pacific and beyond.

In 1951, the West Peak of Mount Tamalpais-perhaps the most prominent and revered mountain in the Bay Area-was cut 31 feet in elevation to make way for a new Air Force-Army air defense command center: Mill Valley Air Force Station. This peak offers a commanding view of the Bay and is easily accessible by road. At the initial surge of the Cold War, few objected to the disfigurement of the mountain in the name of national defense.

Thirty years later, with the advent of intercontinental ballistic missiles, the coastal defense system became obsolete, though much of the land remained under military ownership until transferred to the National Park Service as part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area-or abandoned altogether. The Air Force and the Army vacated the Mount Tamalpais site in 1982, leaving a toxic legacy with no responsibility for cleanup. The cement slabs, sewage facility, tangled fences, and seeping chemicals remain, a strange mix of urban ruin and ancient temple, it would seem.

Perhaps the final embodied symbols for the ongoing transformation of these former military sites are the hang gliders at Fort Funston, located several miles south of the Golden Gate. This is the home of Battery Davis, where in 1937 two 16-inch guns with a range of 25 miles were placed, forming a matching set with the guns at Battery Townsley at Fort Cronkite in the Marin Headlands. Fort Funston features 200-foot-high sandy bluffs, and is now one of the premier hang gliding sites in the country.

The architectural forms of the batteries reflect a modernist elegance based on a singular function: to protect and control an arc of the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay within a 30-mile radius centered at Point Lobos. After these land-based coastal defenses were replaced by more advanced technology, the guns were dismantled. For the most part, only the rugged, streamlined encasements have persevered. The finely engineered structures are alarming in their stark beauty. They play well with the hard light streaming through blue skies as well the muted light of coastal fog. Always they stimulate an expanded view of place and appear as stages for new performances ready to begin.

Galleries | In a Battered LightBy Scott Hess

All images in this gallery copyright Scott Hess; images may not be copied or otherwise used without express written consent of the artist. Descriptions below courtesy National Park Service and Wikipedia. Click image to view in larger size or to begin slideshow:

Battery Spencer at Lime Point, Marin Headlands
1897-1942

For half a century, Battery Spencer was one of the most strategically important sites guarding the Golden Gate. It was a reinforced concrete Endicott-period 12-inch gun battery located on Fort Baker at Lime Point in Marin County, California. Battery construction began in 1893. This battery has a commanding view of the Golden Gate Bridge.

Battery Dynamite and Harbor Defense (H Station) Command Post
1895-1904 and 1941-1946

Battery Dynamite was originally built as an experimental concrete coastal gun emplacement, with three 15-inch M1886 pneumatic dynamite guns mounted on Barbette carriages. The H Station Command Post was built during World War II on the site of Battery Dynamite, entering service in January 1944. The upper story contained two concrete-and-steel pillbox observation stations, one for the Army and one for the Navy. The lower floor held 16 rooms used for Army and Navy command functions.

Battery Crosby, Fort Scott, The Presidio, San Francisco
1900-1943

Built to protect underwater minefields laid outside the Golden Gate, Battery Crosby was completed and armed in 1900. Armed with two 6-inch guns mounted on disappearing carriages, the battery's artillery had a range of eight miles and could fire at the rate of two rounds per minute. In 1943, as the emphasis on the air defense increased and the threat from Japanese submarines subsided, the War Department closed the battery and its guns were scrapped.

Battery Wagner, Marin Headlands
1901-1917

Originally built as an Endicott-period concrete coastal gun battery with two 5-inch M1897 guns mounted on M1896 Balanced Pillar carriages, Battery Wagner is located just west of Battery Spencer, overlooking the Golden Gate from the east. There are no powder or shell hoists so the ammunition was carried by soldiers up the steps from below as complete cartridges. There are two ten-foot by 16-foot rooms, one for the guard detail and one for the battery commanding officer. Electrical power came from Battery Spencer for lighting only. In 1910, a fire control (siting) station for the battery was constructed 110 feet behind and above the battery.

Battery Godfrey, The Presidio, San Francisco
1895-1943

Completed in 1895, this Endicott-era battery was armed with three 12-inch guns mounted on Barbette carriages. The first 12-inch artillery platform in the nation was constructed and tested at this battery. Battery Godfrey was built to match or outshoot the guns of contemporary battleships at ranges of up to ten miles. These guns could fire one 1,070-pound shell per minute. In 1943, the War Department ordered the salvaging of this battery along with 12 others considered obsolete.

Battery Chamberlin, Baker Beach, The Presidio, San Francisco
1904-1948

This Endicott-era battery was built on Baker Beach in 1904 and was fitted with four 6-inch rifled guns mounted on disappearing carriages intended to protect wartime underwater minefields laid outside the Golden Gate. These guns had a maximum range of 7.5 miles and crews were trained to fire two rounds per minute. The original guns were removed in 1917 for use in World War I. The battery received two 6-inch guns on simple Barbette carriages in 1920. During World War II, the Sixth Coast Artillery (Harbor Defense) Regiment, Battery "D", manned the two guns at Battery Chamberlin, living onsite until the end of the war. The battery was covered with camouflage netting to hide it from air attack. These guns were removed in 1948 . In 1977, the National Park Service received the 6-Inch Rifle Gun Number Nine and disappearing carriage, the same type as those installed in 1904. This is one of the few disappearing guns in the world that still operate, moving from loading to firing position.

Battery Townsley, Fort Cronkite, Marin Headlands
1938-1948

Considered the zenith of military technology when it was built in 1938, Battery Townsley was a casemated battery that held two 16-inch caliber guns, each capable of shooting a 2,100-pound, armor-piercing projectile 25 miles out to sea. The guns and their associated ammunition magazines, power rooms, and crew quarters were covered by dozens of feet of concrete and earth to protect them from air and naval attack. This battery was the result of intricate long-term planning. As early as 1915, the Army was eager to construct the 16-inch gun batteries at San Francisco, and by 1928, the decision had been made to install two batteries near the city, one on either side of the Golden Gate straits. By 1940, Battery Townsley was completed and its two guns installed.

Battery Townsley was a high-security operation. Civilians living in San Francisco knew that there were batteries nearby but their exact locations were not revealed. A battery of this design had never been fired before, so the soldiers underwent several months of practice before firing the guns for the first time. The men were subjected to endless rounds of training, often under difficult situations: in rain, in total darkness, and with officers blocking the usual route to the emplacements. This rigorous training ensured that the soldiers could operate their guns at a moment's notice if ever under enemy attack. By summer of 1940, Battery Townsley was ready for testing with live ammunition. The Army estimated that the projectile's farthest range would be 30 miles out to sea, about five miles beyond than the Farallon Islands. On a non-foggy day in July 1940, a test shot was fired. The whole mountain shook with the power of gun, which fired even farther than anticipated. Battery Townsley, together with Battery Davis at Fort Funston on the Pacific shore south of the Golden Gate, became the prototypes for the Army's future coastal defenses. The War Department planned to construct at least 25 additional 16-inch gun batteries along both the nation's eastern and western seaboards before it became evident that air power would trump these efforts.

Battery Davis and Nike Missile Site SF-59L, Fort Funston, Seven Miles South of San Francisco
1940-1948

Battery Davis was the southern match for Battery Townsley in the Marin Headlands. The battery was originally constructed as a pre-World War II reinforced concrete coastal gun battery with two 16-inch guns mounted on Barbette carriages. Both guns were Navy-manufactured and were originally designated for the battlecruiser U.S.S. Saratoga. The Washington Treaty of 1922 halted construction of the battlecruiser and the gun tubes were repurposed for coastal defense. This was a single-level battery with the two casemented guns separated by earth-covered concrete magazines. The central traverse housed the two casemated guns, two magazines, storerooms, and a power room. A separate plotting-switchboard room was located approximately 700 feet northeast of gun emplacement #1. Twenty-five 1.5-ton, hand-powered hoists were used to convey shells from the magazines to the gun-loading platforms. An internal power plant provided electrical power for the battery. Electric motors were used to elevate and traverse the guns into firing position. Electric motor-powered rammers loaded the shells into the guns.

Nike Missile Site SF-88, Fort Barry, Marin Headlands
1954-1974

SF-88 is one of 16 Nike missile launch sites deployed around the San Francisco Bay Area. Commissioned in 1954, and located in the Marin Headlands, the site was intended to protect the population and military installations of the San Francisco Bay Area during the Cold War, specifically from attack by Soviet bomber aircraft. The site was originally armed with Nike Ajax missiles, and modifications were made to the site in 1958 to allow it to also be armed with Nike Hercules missiles. In 1974, SF-88 was closed though not dismantled. It is now part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area.

Mill Valley Air Force Station, West Peak, Mount Tamalpais, Marin County
1951-1980 (USAF) and 1980-2005 (FAA)

Mill Valley Air Force Station played a significant role in the U.S. air defense system during the the Cold War. In the 1950s and 1960s, the threat of Soviet nuclear weapons with ever-more advanced delivery systems prompted the construction of early warning radar stations throughout the U.S. This facility on the West Peak of Mount Tamalpais was among the first of the early warning stations, providing guidance for the entire coastal defense system, including 16 Nike missile sites placed around the San Francisco Bay Area and the F-16 fighter jets based at Hamilton Field. Learn more about Mill Valley AFS by watching Gary Yost's powerful, 20-minute film, The Invisible Peak.

Scott Hess is a commercial and arts photographer with both architectural and landscape sensibilities. Based in Sonoma County, his work is found in a wide variety of books and periodicals and he exhibits in galleries and other public spaces, as well as contributing to arts and activist groups such as Burning Man, Bioneers, and the San Francisco Arts Commission. Learn more at ScottHessPhoto.com.

Header photo, gun at Crosby Battery, by Scott Hess.

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Guarding the Gate: The Harbor Defenses of San Francisco

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t is exhilarating to stand on Lime Point in the Marin Headlands or atop the serpentine cliffs of the Presidio and feel the energy and expansive significance of the scene. Several years ago, as a photographer, I became drawn to the sites of the old coastal defense batteries protecting the entrance to San Francisco Bay.

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San Francisco Bay Trail, San Francisco, CA 94123, USA

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Popular with families, joggers, and kite surfers, this stretch of San Francisco Bay shoreline is known for iconic views of the Golden Gate Bridge.

Crissy Field East Beach is where the locals come to play. This scenic spot where kids frolic in the sand offers ample recreation opportunities, as well as amenities like picnic tables, restrooms, and grills. Crissy beach is also one of the world’s best kite surfing spots.

Taken From: https://presidio.gov/explore/attractions/crissy-field-east-beach

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Great for dipping your toes in the waves, fantastic for people-watching, and perennially packed with locals enjoying leisure time, Crissy Field East Beach crackles with a community vibe. On the weekends, it's an epic family destination.

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Crissy Field East Beach | Golden Gate Beach | The Presidio (San Francisco)

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Crissy Field East Beach in the Presidio is a picnic spot near the Bay Trail SF that offers amazing views of San Francisco landmarks like the Golden Gate Bridge and Alcatraz.

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The stables at the Presidio were built in 1914 after the 9th Cavalry was garrisoned here in 1903. The original stables were located in what would become known as Crissy Field. They were moved to their present location when the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition was built on the bay front.

In the later years, Buffalo Soldier cavalry regiments on their rotations to and from the Philippines used these stables for short periods.

A Buffalo Soldier exhibit (a small section shown below) was created in Building 661 for middle school students in 2000. It included hands-on items, like a replica McClellan saddle that can be mounted, a buffalo hide that can be worn, and audio segments to tell of the life of the Buffalo Soldier. Because Building 661 houses horses for the Park Police mounted patrol and is not open to the public, the exhibit was moved to the temporary Presidio visitors center in Building 105 on Montgomery Street in 2012. Visitors can now experience the exhibit at Fort Point National Historic Site Friday through Sunday from 10 am to 5 pm.

Taken From: https://www.nps.gov/prsf/learn/historyculture/the-stables.htm#:~:text=The%20stables%20at%20the%20Presidio,built%20on%20the%20bay%20front.

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The Stables - Presidio of San Francisco (U.S. National Park Service)

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The stables at the Presidio were built in 1914 after the 9th Cavalry was garrisoned here in 1903. The original stables were located in what would become known as Crissy Field. They were moved to their present location when the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition was built on the bay front.

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49-15 Moraga Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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The lab demonstrates leadership in the field of archaeology through partnerships which develop innovative approaches to research, education, and preservation that enhance the understanding of our shared cultural heritage.

The lab’s goals are:

Create a compelling destination at the site of El Presidio de San Francisco that instills visitors with the imaginative tools necessary to explore a broader range of the American experience.

Encourage a sense of collective ownership of the past and this park, by involving diverse members of the public in all our programs and enabling them to make their own connections to this place.

Preserve the integrity of the archaeological sites, features, and artifacts, which form the foundation of our programs, ensuring that authentic experiences are available to future generations.

https://presidio.gov/about/history/archaeology

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The Presidio’s Ordoñez gun was originally mounted in a Spanish coastal fort at Subic Bay in the Philippines. Undamaged during the Spanish American War, the gun was captured by Filipino nationalists, who were known as “Insurrectos” by the occupying Americans.

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5378 Sherman Rd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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Historical rentable houses

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379 Thomas Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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1475 Central Magazine Rd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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Located above the Pacific Ocean at the Presidio’s highest point, Rob Hill offers an unforgettable national park camping experience.

Generations of people have slept under the stars at the Presidio’s Rob Hill, one of just two campgrounds in San Francisco.

Open for public tent camping from April 1 to October 31, Rob Hill offers four group campsites that each can welcome up to 30 people. Sites must be reserved in advance through Recreation.gov. In addition to providing easy access to Presidio trails and views, each campsite comes with amenities like picnic tables and grills, as well as access to indoor restrooms.

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Generations of people have slept under the stars at the Presidio's Rob Hill, one of just two campgrounds in San Francisco.

Open for public tent camping from April 1 to October 31, Rob Hill offers four group campsites that each can welcome up to 30 people. Sites must be reserved in advance through Recreation.gov. In addition to providing easy access to Presidio trails and views, each campsite comes with amenities like picnic tables and grills, as well as access to indoor restrooms.

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Rob Hill Campground | San Francisco Camping | The Presidio (San Francisco)

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Perched high above Baker Beach, Rob Hill Campground in the Presidio consists of four group campsites offering unforgettable San Francisco camping in a national park site.

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QGWC+FR Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

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It's hard to believe you're in San Francisco when standing at Immigrant Point, gazing out at the Pacific Ocean and the Marin Headlands.

Immigrant Point Overlook features a lovely stone plaza with benches – the perfect place to rest after hiking or biking on one of the trails that converge nearby. Pack a lunch and snag a table in the gorgeous picnic area just across Washington Boulevard.

As glorious as the views are during the day, plan to be here to watch the sun go down – fog permitting. You won’t regret it.

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Immigrant Point Overlook features a lovely stone plaza with benches - the perfect place to rest after hiking or biking on one of the trails that converge nearby. Pack a lunch and snag a table in the gorgeous picnic area just across Washington Boulevard.

As glorious as the views are during the day, plan to be here to watch the sun go down - fog permitting. You won't regret it.

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Immigrant Point Overlook | Presidio National Park | The Presidio (San Francisco)

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Immigrant Point Overlook is a scenic vista point in the Presidio with views toward the Pacific Ocean and Marin Headlands. Its small picnic area is a perfect spot to watch the sunset.

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1750 Lincoln Blvd, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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Shoreline Hwy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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The Golden Gate Bridge is an iconic structure connecting the city of San Francisco to Marin County, California. It spans almost two miles across the Golden Gate, the narrow strait where San Francisco Bay opens to meet the Pacific Ocean. The dream of connecting San Francisco to its northern neighbors became a reality when construction commenced in 1933. Given a chance for steady employment amid the Great Depression, construction crews braved treacherous conditions as the roadway and towers took shape over open water. The Golden Gate Bridge, which opened to the public in 1937, has endured as a picture-perfect landmark and an engineering marvel.

https://www.history.com/topics/landmarks/golden-gate-bridge

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The Golden Gate Bridge is an iconic structure connecting the city of San Francisco to Marin County, California. It spans almost two miles across the Golden Gate, the narrow strait where San Francisco Bay opens to meet the Pacific Ocean. The dream of connecting San Francisco to its northern neighbors became a reality when construction commenced in 1933. Given a chance for steady employment amid the Great Depression, construction crews braved treacherous conditions as the roadway and towers took shape over open water. The Golden Gate Bridge, which opened to the public in 1937, has endured as a picture-perfect landmark and an engineering marvel.

Joseph Strauss

Following decades of public calls to connect the burgeoning metropolis of San Francisco to its neighbors across the mile-wide Golden Gate, city engineer Michael O'Shaughnessy in 1919 was charged with finding someone capable of constructing a bridge at a reasonable cost.

The job went to a Chicago-based engineer named Joseph Strauss, a drawbridge builder who believed he could complete the grand-scale project for a modest $25 to $30 million. After submitting his sketches for a cantilever-suspension hybrid span in June 1921, Strauss set about convincing the communities on the northern end of the strait that the bridge would be to their benefit.

The project gained momentum in May 1923 when the state legislature passed the Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District Act of California for the purpose of planning, designing and financing construction. By August 1925, the people of Marin, Sonoma, Del Norte and parts of Napa and Mendocino counties had agreed to join the district and offer their homes and businesses as collateral for securing funds.

International Orange

Despite the economic promises touted by its supporters, the project met fierce resistance from an array of business and civic leaders.

Not only would the bridge impede the shipping industry and mar the bay's natural beauty, they argued, but it also wouldn't survive a temblor like the San Francisco Earthquake that crippled the city in 1906. Years of litigation followed as opponents sought to block the formation of the district.

Meanwhile, the bridge's famed design took shape through the efforts of Strauss's talented team. Leon S. Moisseiff submitted a plan that scrapped the original hybrid design in favor of a suspension span capable of moving more than two feet laterally to withstand strong winds.

Irving F. Morrow conceptualized the art deco towers, and later decided on a paint color he dubbed "International Orange." Charles Ellis worked out the complex engineering equations as the primary structural designer, though he was fired before construction began and didn't receive proper credit until many years later.

Amadeo Giannini

In November 1930, a measure was passed to allow the issuance of $35 million in bonds to pay for the project. However, the Bridge and Highway District struggled to find a financial backer amid the difficulties of the Great Depression, a problem exacerbated by years of expensive legal proceedings.

Desperate, Strauss personally sought help from Bank of America President Amadeo Giannini, who provided a crucial boost by agreeing to buy $6 million in bonds in 1932.

Construction commenced on January 5, 1933, excavating 3.25 million cubic feet of dirt to establish the bridge's 12-story-tall anchorages. The crew consisted of virtually anyone capable of withstanding the physical rigors of the job, as out-of-work cab drivers, farmers and clerks lined up for the chance to earn steady wages as ironworkers and cement mixers.

The attempt to build what would be the first bridge support in the open ocean proved an immense challenge. As a 1,100-foot trestle extended off the San Francisco side, divers plunged to depths of 90 feet through strong currents to blast away rock and remove detonation debris.

The trestle was damaged when it was struck by a ship in August 1933 and again amid a powerful storm late in the year, setting construction back five months.

John A. Roebling's Sons

When the towers were completed in June 1935, the New Jersey-based John A. Roebling's Sons Company was tapped to handle the on-site construction of the suspension cables.

The Roebling engineers, who had also worked on the Brooklyn Bridge, had mastered a technique in which individual steel wires were banded together in spools and carried across the length of the bridge on spinning wheels.

Given a year to complete the task, they instead finished in just over six months, having spun more than 25,000 individual wires into each 7,650-foot cable.

Halfway to Hell Club

Despite the ongoing hazardous conditions faced by the crew, the construction produced just one casualty over four years. A supporting net had saved 19 workers from plunging into the strait, the survivors said to be members of the "Halfway to Hell Club."

However, the near-spotless safety record was blemished when a scaffold fell and tore through the net in February 1937, resulting in the deaths of 10 workers.

The roadway was completed on April 19, 1937, and the bridge officially opened to pedestrians on May 27 of that year. As part of the festivities, Strauss dedicated a poem titled "A Mighty Task Is Done."

The following day, President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced that the bridge was open to cars and the rest of the world via White House telegraph.

How Long Is the Golden Gate Bridge?

A marvel of modern engineering, the Golden Gate Bridge is 1.7 miles long and 90 feet wide. Its 4,200-foot main span between the two towers was the longest for a suspension bridge until 1964, while its 746-foot towers made it the tallest bridge of any type until 1993.

The Golden Gate Bridge withstood the destructive Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989 and was closed to traffic only three times in its first 75 years due to weather conditions.

Believed to be the most photographed bridge in the world, this landmark was named one of the seven civil engineering wonders of the United States by the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1994.

Fact Check

We strive for accuracy and fairness. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate.

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Golden Gate Bridge - Length, Facts & Height

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The Golden Gate Bridge, opened in 1937, is an iconic suspension bridge connecting the city of San Francisco to Marin County, California. It spans almost two miles across the Golden Gate, the narrow strait where San Francisco Bay opens to meet the Pacific Ocean.

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1249 Appleton St, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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Presidio Nursery is a very special place where you can get your hands-on gardening fix while helping restore the national park site’s native habitats.

Presidio Nursery was founded in 1995 and is run by the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy, the National Park Service, and the Presidio Trust. The real stars of the show are the volunteers, who give thousands of hours each year to grow 100,000 native plants used in restoration sites around the park.

This “little greenhouse that could” also grows many trees to support the park’s reforestation, including Monterey cypress, Coast live oak, Wax myrtle, and California buckeye.

Volunteers can drop in on select Saturdays. You can also make a commitment for Wednesday afternoons or request a group volunteer program.

https://presidio.gov/explore/attractions/presidio-nursery

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Unnamed Road, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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RG2W+6V Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

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Each year, The Guardsmen sends more than 2,500 youth from disadvantaged backgrounds to outdoor programs. For many campership recipients, it is their first time in the wilderness. Post-camp, these youth show dramatic improvement in leadership, in communication skills, and in self-confidence. They form lasting bonds with friends and mentors. They come to experience their impact on the world.

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QGXX+X7 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

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1010 Torney Ave, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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WaterNow Alliance is a nonprofit organization based in the United States dedicated to promoting sustainable water management practices at the local level. The alliance focuses on empowering local water utilities, governments, and communities to implement innovative solutions for water conservation, efficiency, and resilience. WaterNow provides resources, tools, and technical assistance to support its members in advancing water sustainability goals. It also advocates for policy changes and investments that prioritize sustainable water management practices and address pressing water challenges faced by communities across the country.

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1012 Torney Ave #107, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA

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Accumpunture School

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RG2X+89 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

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Building housing multipul nonprofit organizations

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Unnamed Road, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA

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Mountain Lake Park is a scenic park located in the Richmond District of San Francisco, California. It features a picturesque lake, walking trails, playgrounds, picnic areas, and recreational facilities. The park is nestled around Mountain Lake, one of the few remaining natural freshwater lakes in the city. It offers opportunities for leisurely strolls, birdwatching, and enjoying nature in the midst of urban surroundings.

Mountain Lake Park is also known for its historical significance. It was once a vital water source for the Ohlone people, the indigenous inhabitants of the area, and later served as a recreational area during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The park underwent significant restoration efforts in recent years to improve water quality, enhance habitat for wildlife, and revitalize its natural beauty.

Overall, Mountain Lake Park provides a tranquil retreat for locals and visitors alike, offering a peaceful escape from the hustle and bustle of city life while also serving as an important ecological and recreational resource.

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QGQG+8G Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

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Book Publisher

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QGQG+F4 Presidio of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

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This area was once a hospital campus tending to merchant mariners from around the world. Today, it's home to the Presidio Landmark apartments. The Public Health Service District is an increasingly popular entry point to trails in the Presidio's Southern Wilds. Parking is limited, so arrive early.

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Among the 30,000 Americans laid to rest here are Civil War generals, Medal of Honor recipients, Buffalo Soldiers, and a Union spy. Shortly after the United States assumed control of the Presidio, the Army established a post cemetery on the current site of the National Cemetery. The first known American burial at this location occurred in 1854. After a petition to the War Department by Presidio commander Lt. Col. George P. Andrews, General Order 133 established "a part of the reservation at the Presidio, including the post cemetery thereon...to be known as the San Francisco National Cemetery." Originally less than ten acres large, it was placed under the control of the Quartermaster General's office in 1884 as the first National Cemetery on the west coast.

The cemetery experienced a great increase in both interments and acreage over the next fifty years. It also sported a number of architectural changes. In 1915, a concrete rostrum was built to hold official services, and in 1921 the Quartermaster Department built a mortuary chapel on the premises. In 1928, the cemetery walls were repositioned and the original main entrance was relocated to the west. The current main entrance dates to 1931. During a five-year improvement plan finished in 1929, the Army remodeled the lodge to conform to the Mission Revival style architecture prevalent throughout the Presidio. The final expansion of the cemetery occurred in 1932, when it reached its current size of 28.34 acres. In 1973, the cemetery officially closed to new interments except in reserved gravesites.

https://www.nps.gov/prsf/learn/historyculture/san-francisco-national-cemetery.htm

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Situated in the northern center of the Presidio, the San Francisco National Cemetery offers a breathtaking final resting place for the nation's military veterans and their families. Framed by Monterey Cypress and other majestic trees, the cemetery rests on a slope overlooking the San Francisco Bay. Among the 30,000 Americans laid to rest here are Civil War generals, Medal of Honor recipients, Buffalo Soldiers, and a Union spy.

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San Francisco National Cemetery - Presidio of San Francisco (U.S. National Park Service)

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Situated in the northern center of the Presidio, the San Francisco National Cemetery offers a breathtaking final resting place for the nation's military veterans and their families. Framed by Monterey Cypress and other majestic trees, the cemetery rests on a slope overlooking the San Francisco Bay.