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U.S. Supreme Court used the template of Greek and Roman temples. (1935)

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Athens: The First Democracy
-roughly 800 years B.C.
-established small organizations/groups
-concept of democracy started at this time

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Shortly after the idea of democracy, it began emerging from other regions. 

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The Roman Republic:
-res publica (a republic)
-Started on Italian peninsula
-Introduced concept of representational government
-Used groups, councils, and citizens to elect representing officials, like a modern democracy.

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The Fall of the Roman Empire and Rise of the Roman Catholic Church

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Feudalism:
-loosely organized system
-divided lands
-chaos and disorder made this system
-a lord and his vassals
-dominant and unjust system

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The church survived the fall of the empire. 

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The Roman Catholic Church
-started in western Europe
-provided a visual of a legitimate system
-religion took over and bishops and pope owned land/governed

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Absolute Power and Weakened Lower Status 

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The Rise of Monarchies:
-Monarchs basically overruled lords for absolute power.
-People liked having one person and not someone who owns multiple areas.

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The Power of Absolute Monarchs:
-Monarchs that picked people of good education and location to serve as civil servants
-Servants: national opinions not regional
-Maintaining sovereignty and authority
-Monarchs strongest individual governing a state and protect the people from harm

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Colonialism
-Colonial trade created an economy
-Also introduced regular profit
-Control of one nation over lands
-European settlers and their beliefs spread

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Mercantilism
-System of money to increase power from monarchies
-Developed new industries, such as mining
-Large accumulations of new metals

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Enlightenment Political Thinkers
New ideas of systems and inventions caused this era to be an "enlightenment" due to all the new changes.
-John Locke started the idea of freedom to all through a declaration, as well as philosophers such as Thomas Hobbs and Adam Smith.
This era was crucial to the development of government because people became political and started to debate topics of freedom, systems of government, and functioning with citizens opinions.

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British Monarchy vs Saudi Arabian Absolute Monarchy

The British Monarchy differs largely from Saudi Arabia govern systems, the British have a constitutional monarchy system, though Saudi Arabia uses an absolute monarch system.
-They use each other for major trade though they differ. Saudi Arabia though has to deal with many different religions, and cooperate, Britain has mostly the same religious so they aren't as divided as Saudi Arabia.